Citing Your References

8/3/2019 Citing Your References

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REFERENCES:

THE VANCOUVERSTYLE

Amanda Soebadi


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Referencing

Referencing is a standardized method ofacknowledging sources of information andideas that you have used in your paper

Direct quotations, facts, figures from publishedand unpublished works must be referenced

There are many acceptable forms ofreferencing

The Vancouver style of referencing ispredominantly used in the medical field

University of Queensland Library


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Why reference?

To avoid plagiarism

To verify quotations

To enable readers to follow-up and read morefully the cited authors arguments



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Steps in referencing

Record the full bibliographic details andrelevant page numbers of the source fromwhich information is taken

Punctuation marks and spaces in thereference list and citations are very important.Follow the punctuation and spacing exactly

Insert the citation number at the appropriate

place in the text of your document Include a reference list that includes all in-text

citations at the end of your document



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Citation

A citation is an acknowledgement in your textof references that support your work

In the Vancouver style it is in the form of a

number that correlates with a source in yourreference list



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Citations within the text of the article are identified byArabic numbers in superscript, after the punctuationmark:

Few case reports have documented severe allergic reaction to

paracetamol.1

Few case reports have documented severe allergic reaction to

paracetamol1.

This applies to references in text, tables, and figures

A number is assigned to each reference as it is cited,in order of appearance in the text

A number must be used even if the author is named inthe sentence:Sastroasmoro10reported that.....

In-text citations


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...in-text citations

The original number assigned to the reference isused each time the reference is cited in the text

When multiple references are cited, use a hyphento join the first and last numbers that are

consecutive Use commas (without spaces) to separate non-

consecutive numbers in a multiple citation

The effect of maternal smoking on fetal growth has been described inseveral studies.2-5,10,15

Do not use a hyphen if there are no citationnumbers in betweenFew case reports have documented severe allergic reaction to

paracetamol.1-2


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...in-text citations

Placement of citation numbers within textshould be carefully considered

A particular reference may be relevant to only

part of the sentence

Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement was developed as a less

invasive alternative to total serum bilirubin,1,3 but to date its use hasbeen limited.4-6


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Reference list

Appears at the end of the article

Entries are listed numerically in the sameorder that they have been cited in the text

Contains only works cited in the text

Must include sufficient details so that otherscan locate and consult the works referenced


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...reference list

ALL works cited, including personal

communication, Internet sources, orunpublished data MUST be in the

reference list!


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Where to look?

ICMJE Uniform Requirements:

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html

National Library of Medicine, Citing Medicine:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=citm

ed&part=A32352


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For all works cited

Number of authors listed:

Up to 6 authors: list all authors

>6 authors: list first 6 authors followed by et al.

Titles of articles should be written in sentencecase

Page numbers should be abbreviated

whenever possible, e.g.: 235-43 for pages 235-243

401-9 for pages 401-409


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...for all works cited

Journal titles should be abbreviated accordingto the abbreviation used in Index Medicus

If a journal is not listed in Index Medicus, it

should be stated in full Issue numbers need notbe stated


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International Committee of Medical Journal

Edutors Uniform Requirements forManuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals

Paediatrica Indonesiana In-house Style

Sample references


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Journal article: more than 6authors

Weinstein JN, Lurie JD, Tosteson TD, HanscomB, Tosteson ANA, Blood EA, et al. Surgical versusnonsurgical treatment for lumbar degeneratiespondylolysthesis. N Engl J Med. 2007;122:545-

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authors title of article

journal title year ofpublication

volume pagenumbers


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Period

Space

Semicolon

Colon

Period

No space

Period

Space

Semicolon

Colon

Period

No space


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Journal article: variations

Organization as author

No author given

Article not in English

Volume/issue supplement

E-publication (published electronically aheadof the print version)


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Book or monograph

Monograph

A work of writing on a single subject,

usually by a single author

Schlesselman JJ. Case-control studies. Design,

conduct, analysis. 2nd ed. New York: OxfordUniversity Press; 1982. p. 105-23.

Author(s)

Title of book Edition

Place of

publication

Publishe

rYear of

publication Page(s)cited


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Chapter in book

Cheung Y. Systemic circulation. In: Anderson RH,Baker EJ, Penny DJ, Redington AN, Rigby ML,Wernovsky G, editors. Paediatric cardiology. 3rded. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2010. p.

105-23.

Author(s)

Title ofchapter

Book editor(s)

Title ofbook

Place ofpublicatio

n

Edition

Publisher

Year ofpublication

Page(s)cited


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Thesis or dissertation

Boyer CL. Do rural Medicare patients havedifferent post-acute service patterns than theirnon-rural counterparts? [dissertation]. [Cleveland(OH)]: Case Western Reserve University; 2004.

Author Title of work

Year ofpublication

Type of work

Place ofinstitutionInstitutio

n


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Online reference

International Committee of Medical JournalEditors. Uniform requirements for manuscriptssubmitted to biomedical journals. 2009 Aug 28[cited 2010 Sep 20]. Available from:

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html

Author(s)

Title ofreference Date

published

Web address

Date cited


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Conference proceedings

Rice AS, Farquhar-Smith WP, Bridges D, Brooks

JW. Cannabinoids and pain. In: Dostorovsky JO,Carr DB, Koltzenburg M, editors. Proceedings ofthe 10th World Congress on Pain; 2002 Aug 17-22; San Diego, CA. Seattle (WA): IASP Press;

c2003.

Author(s)

Title of paper Proceedingeditor(s)

Name ofconferenceor event

Place ofevent

Date ofevent

Publisher

Year of

publication


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5. Article not in English[Edited 12 May 2009]

Ellingsen AE, Wilhelmsen I. Sykdomsangstblant medisin- og jusstudenter. Tidsskr Nor

Laegeforen. 2002;122(8):785-7. Norwegian. Optional translation of article title

(MEDLINE/PubMed practice):

Ellingsen AE, Wilhelmsen I. [Disease anxiety

among medical students and law students].Article in Norwegian. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen.2002 Mar 20;122(8):785-7. Norwegian.

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