Citing Sources Using APA Style

A Simplified Guide to Cite your Resources Using American

Psychological Association (APA) Style

Overview

• When doing a research, you must provide a list of information resources (References) you have used at the end of your research paper.

• Consistency is very important while preparing your references list

Overview, …Cont.

• References Must be arranged Alphabetically by author’s last name and initials or by Title in case there is no author.

Overview, …Cont.

Reference Entry includes the following elements

• Name of the Author• Title of the source• Publication Information (Publisher’s

name, place, year)

Overview, …Cont.

• Additional information may be required such as journal’s volume no., issue no., page numbers, edition numbers, web URL address, date of access, …etc., depending on the information source’s Type.

Overview, …Cont.

If you don’t cite All the information resources that you have used, at the end of your research, this will be considered as an Academic Malpractice, called

Plagiarism

What is Plagiarism• An academic malpractice. Plagiarism is the use

of the ideas, words or findings of others without acknowledging them as such. To plagiarize is to give the impression that the student has written, thought or discovered something that he or she has in fact borrowed from someone else without acknowledging this in an appropriate manner.www.keele.ac.uk/depts/aa/regulationshandbook/sectiond.htm

General Rules

Formatting• The APA font is Times New Roman

with 12-point size. • Double-space between all lines of

text, including the reference list. • Margins of at least 1 inch on all

sides.

General Rules

Hanging indents

• should be used for the reference list. This means that all lines after the first line of each entry should be indented one half inch from the left margin

General Rules

Reference List • Arrange reference list in

alphabetical order by the Last Name / Surname of the author. Write only the initial(s) of the author's name, not the full name.

• If there is no author, consider the title.

General Rules

• If the reference list includes two or more references for the same author(s), list the references in chronological order / according to the publishing year. Start with the old one (oldest first).

• All References mentioned / cited in the text must appear in the reference list and vise versa

General Rules

• Capitalize only the first letter of the first word in the article or book title. Journal titles should be capitalized.

• Italicize journal titles, volume numbers and book titles should be Italicized.

Citing Sources Using APA Style

• Books• Periodical Articles• Web Resources

Books

By a single author

• Author, A. (year). Title of the Book (edition). Place of Publications: Publisher

Books,…cont.

Example:Purtilo, R. (1999). Ethical dimensions in the health

professions (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, Pa: W.B. Saunders

Books,…cont.

By two or more authors

Singleton, J. & McLaren, S. (1995). Ethical foundations of health care: Responsibilities in decision making. London: Mosby

Books, …cont.

• Part of a book (Chapter or Article in a Book)

Author, A. & Author, B. (Year). Title of Chapter. In A. Editor & B. Editor (Eds.), Title of the Book (ed.) (page nos.). Location: Publisher

Example:• Shelton, S. (1998). The Doctor-Patient

Relationship. In A. Stoudemire (Ed.), Human behavior: An introduction for medical students (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott

Books,…Cont.

Periodical Articles

Journal Article

Author, A., Author, B. & Author, C. (Year). Title of the Article. Title of the periodical, volume no.(issue no.), page nos.

Periodical Articles …Cont.

Example: • Everett, K. (2006). Health and health

care for the 21st century: For all the people. American Journal of Public Health, 96(12), 2090-2092.

Periodical Articles …Cont.

Fulltext article from a Periodical Database• Hui, E. (2005). Doctors as fiduciaries: do medical

professionals have the right not to treat?. Poiesis & Praxis, 3(4), 256-276. Retrieved March 11, 2007, from Academic Search Premier database

Internet Resources

• Online Article Based on a Print Sources

Singer, P. (2000). Medical ethics. BMJ, 29, 282–285. Retrieved March 11, 2007, from http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1118276

Internet Resources…Cont.

• Internet Document

American Medical Association (2001). Principles of medical ethics. Retrieved March 9, 2007, from American Medical Association Website:

http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/2512.html

For more details

Please click on the following link for more informationhttp://www.aresearchguide.com/styleguides.html#3