1. Advanced Legal Research Fall 2014 Professor Lisa Smith-Butler

2. Citators Citators serve two purposes: they can be used to locate similar cases on a subject; and they allow researchers to ascertain the validity of their research by updating it. 3. Citators: Comprehensive & Limited There are two well known and comprehensive citator services. They are: Shepards ; and KeyCite. While there are two comprehensive citator services that allow updating across the spectrum (cases, statutes, regulations, secondary sources), there are limited citator services such as: LoisLaw, a low cost CALI alternative to Lexis and Westlaw, has a limited citator known as GlobalCite; CCH has a tax citator service for its Standard Federal Tax Reporter and selected other loose leaf services; and a limited (federal appellate cases and U.S. Supreme Court) free citator service on Findlaw. 4. Shepards Shepards began as a print product in 1873 and was developed by Frank Shepard. It is now published by Lexis Publishing and is available exclusively on Lexis- Nexis. A decade ago, it existed in three formats: print; CD-ROM; or electronic. Today it is available in print and electronic format. 5. Shepards Over the years as Shepards inundated the legal profession, law students became so familiar with the Shepards updating process that it became known as shepardizing. 6. Shepards Shepards provides the researcher with the following information about a case: parallel citations; subsequent history citations; treatment of the case by later cases; and citations to secondary sources. 7. Shepards You can narrow your Shepards analysis by: analysis; court; or keyword when you select and apply Narrow By to limit your analysis. 8. Shepards Table of Authorities In addition to alerting the researcher to the status of the case being cited, Shepards will also alert the researcher to the status of the cases underlying the cited decision with its Table of Authorities. 9. Shepards Alerts Suppose you want to monitor your case? With electronic, you can set up a Shepards alert with your citation and find out, via email or login, any time another court or secondary source cites to your case. With print, you would literally have to shepardize whenever a new Shepards came out. With the most expensive and quickest Shepards service, that would be a monthly search. 10. KeyCite KeyCite was developed by West Publishing in 1996 to compete with Shepards. KeyCite is available in electronic formats but is not available in print. 11. KeyCite KeyCite provides the researcher with: the direct appellate history; the negative indirect history; cites to all cases available on Westlaw; cites to all cases that cite a federal statute or regulation. 12. Limit Results As with Shepards, you can limit your Keycite analysis by: headnote; keyword; jurisdiction; or depth of treatment. 13. Monitoring & Updating If you want to monitor your cited case with KeyCite to see if later cases or law reviews mention it, can you? Yes. Use the KeyCite Alert feature. 14. View Alert 15. Findlaws Citator Function 16. Casemaker 17. LoisLaw 18. Dont Forget to Update! 19. Conclusion Questions? Stop by the CSOL Sol Blatt Jr. Law Library Reference Desk in Room 121, email the Reference Desk @ referencedesk@charlestonlaw.edu, or call at 843.377.4020.