CIT 1100

GREEN Networking

Describe servers that offer substantial savings in electrical usage over traditional servers

Explain methods for greening the workplace

Discuss ways to reduce the power usage

Green Networking

Nearly every company has at least one computer per worker plus dedicated server computers for storing important data and running applications Each computer has two or more fans, plus drives

and monitors - All using electricity Reducing the use of electricity makes a lot of sense Three areas where companies and individuals can

go green and use less energy:◦ Green servers◦ Green space◦ Green workers

Green Networking

Many companies have switched to new improved hardware that uses less power Using powerful modem computers in new

ways through a process called virtualization can save energy and money

Since most servers run continually having parts shut down when not in use results in savings

Servers have monitors that are seldom if ever used should be eliminated

Automatically shutting down remote servers

Green Servers

Replacing older server with a modern rack mounted servers can save electricity. The rack-mounted servers are more efficient and take up less room.

Low-Power Servers

Each rack can hold 18 computers. Each once had there own monitor

Replacing general-purpose file servers with specialized devices for serving. One such device is called network attached storage (NAS)

The phenomenal power of today's computer hardware enables the creation of virtual computers allowing a single machine to accomplish tasks that used to require multiple computersConsider what servers do:

◦ Making accessible stored data - File server◦ Servers can run programs that users across the

network can access - Application servers◦ Servers host Web Sites ◦ Enable users to send and receive e-mail ◦ Instant messages

Virtualization

Virtualization allows all these servers to be run on a single powerful server saving energy, space, and maintenance

Virtualization exploits the power of modern hardware and operating systems (OS) to enable a single computer to be multiple computers The OS dedicates a portion of RAM to be a

virtual machine - a computer within the computer

The virtual machine is assigned some of the hard drive, access to CPU, and a share of the network

To users, virtual machine appears like a standalone computer

Virtual Computers

VMware – Vmware Player, Fusion, vSphere Citrix - Xen Oracle – Sun Virtual Box Microsoft – HyperV, Microsoft Virtual PC Redhat – KVM, SPICE Amazon – EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) Google – Google Apps, AppEngine Virtual Bridges – VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) Proxmox - OpenVZ Parallels

Top 10 Virtualization Company(According to IT Business Edge)

Managing space for servers and workers properly and using the right equipment can save a lot of electricity and money Setting up server rooms to make the cooling

work more efficiently Companies heat there buildings in the winter

from the heat generate by the servers Replacing traditional computers with centralized

servers Use energy Star-rated devices can pay off in the

long term

Green Space

Large companies devote rooms to rows of servers, powerful computers that people all over the organization use simultaneously These powerful computers use electricity, and

like all other computers, generate heat Excessive heat kills computers and electronics,

keeping them cool is important A typical server room has rows and rows of

computers, making the process of cooling complex

Server Room

A traditional server room keeps servers cool in a couple of ways

First, the room has very tight seals, so none of the cold air leaks out.

Second, the servers sit on a raised floor and cold air is piped into that space.

The hot air is pulled out at the top and recycled into the air conditioning units that cool the air and propel it back into the floor.

The cool air is gradually pulled into the servers with the air flow.

Traditional Server Rooms

Raised Floor

Air Conditioning unit forces cold air into the raised floor area where it is pulled into servers

through floor vents

As the cold air circulates through

the rack it heats up and is sent back to the Air conditioning

unit

This worked fine until server rooms became very large

Hot Aisle / Cold AisleComputers uniformly draw cool air in through the front of the box and expel hot air out the back.By arranging the computers properly, you can create corridors that are uni formly hot or cool.A proper cooling scenario with hot and cool aisles has all the cold air blown only to the floor in the cool aisle. The hot aisles have ducts at the top to draw the hot air away and send it back into the air conditioning unit

In a traditional office, workers have a personal computer that connects to a central network

Servers that hold important data that people access from their desk

Workers use a fat client, to connect to the network, a fat client is a complete, full power PC allowing the user to work independent of the network if necessary

One way to reduce the electrical cost of the fat client would be to use laptops instead

Laptops typically cost more than a fat client

Laptops, Terminal Servers, and Thin Clients

By replacing the standard server and workstation with terminal servers and thin clients you can reduce energy and equipment cost A terminal server offers centralized power,

enabling users to log in and work directly with applications installed on the server

Thin Clients

A thin client is not a standalone computer, but rather a key board, mouse, and monitor connected to a simple box that enables the client to log in to the terminal server

Energy Star compliance means that the device uses electricity efficiently in comparison with similar devices The most common device certified by Energy

Star are monitors Other big devices, such as printers and

scanners, can have Energy Star ratings too Replacing an inefficient device with an Energy

Star-compliant device can save a lot of electricity over the life of the device

Energy Star Rating

Energy Star

Today's tools enable companies to reimagine the way workers work. Here's what his company pays for:

◦ His work space◦ His desk and chair◦ His computer◦ The air conditioning, heating and lighting◦ His Internet connection

If you issue him a laptop, do you need a centralized office space?

In fact, most em ployees will have a PC and Internet connection at home.

Green Workers

Telecommuting means not having to drive to the office Telecommuting reduces the overall power

usage of a company The employee doesn't burn fuel getting to

the office, which also reduces emissions The office doesn't need a dedicated space

for the employee that needs to be heated and cooled

Telecommuting

Every company needs a certain number of things to function: 

◦ Centralized storage for data◦ A good backup routine for that data◦ Applications for employees to accomplish tasks

Cloud Computing takes advantage of the power and speed of the Internet to move a lot of routine tasks into the hands of specialists

Some of the resources available through the cloud ◦ Data storage (with full backup)◦ E-mail◦ Office applications, such as word processing and

spreadsheets

Cloud Computing