Circulatory SystemCirculatory System

Part 3: Blood VesselsPart 3: Blood Vessels-function function -structurestructure-location-location

Types of Blood VesselsTypes of Blood Vessels

1.1. ArteriesArteries

2.2. VeinsVeins

3.3. CapillariesCapillaries

1. Arteries- function1. Arteries- function

Carry blood AWAY from the heartCarry blood AWAY from the heart Deliver oxygenated blood to body (systemic)Deliver oxygenated blood to body (systemic) Deliver deoxygenated blood to the lungs Deliver deoxygenated blood to the lungs

(pulmonary)(pulmonary)

1. Arteries- structure1. Arteries- structure

Thick walledThick walled ElasticElastic

Artery walls can expand due to the increased pressure Artery walls can expand due to the increased pressure from pumped bloodfrom pumped blood

Walls rebound after each contraction (pulse)Walls rebound after each contraction (pulse)

1. Arteries- location1. Arteries- location

Deeper in tissue along bonesDeeper in tissue along bones More protected from injury/ temp lossMore protected from injury/ temp loss Pressurized vessels- high blood loss if severedPressurized vessels- high blood loss if severed

2. Veins- function2. Veins- function

Carry blood BACK TO the heartCarry blood BACK TO the heart Transport deoxygenated from body tissue Transport deoxygenated from body tissue

(systemic)(systemic) Transport oxygenated from lungs(pulmonaryTransport oxygenated from lungs(pulmonary

2. Veins- structure2. Veins- structure

Thin walledThin walled Don’t receive large amounts of blood so no Don’t receive large amounts of blood so no

need for elastic walls (low pressure)need for elastic walls (low pressure) Contain valves- prevents back flowContain valves- prevents back flow Blood movement do to muscle activity in the Blood movement do to muscle activity in the

bodybody

2. Veins- location2. Veins- location

Closer to surfaceCloser to surface Often surrounded with skeletal muscleOften surrounded with skeletal muscle Lower pressure= less blood loss if severedLower pressure= less blood loss if severed

Arterioles and VenulesArterioles and Venules

Small arteries and veinsSmall arteries and veins Same features but smaller scaleSame features but smaller scale Arterioles have sphincter muscles which can Arterioles have sphincter muscles which can

dilate/ contract to regulate BP/ flowdilate/ contract to regulate BP/ flow Blood temp is regulated this wayBlood temp is regulated this way blood flow to surface= temp lossblood flow to surface= temp loss To prevent temp loss (when it is cold) blood is To prevent temp loss (when it is cold) blood is

prevented from going (white lips/ fingertips)prevented from going (white lips/ fingertips)

3. Capillaries- function3. Capillaries- function

Connects arteries to veinsConnects arteries to veins Delivery of water, oxygen, and nutrients to Delivery of water, oxygen, and nutrients to

tissuetissue Pick up water and waste from extracellular Pick up water and waste from extracellular

fluidfluid

3. Capillaries- structure3. Capillaries- structure

Very thin wallsVery thin walls Single layer of cellsSingle layer of cells

3. Capillaries- location3. Capillaries- location

Everywhere Everywhere Within a few cells of each otherWithin a few cells of each other Needs to provide nutrient and gas exchange to Needs to provide nutrient and gas exchange to

all cellsall cells

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels1.1. AortaAorta

Major blood vessel Major blood vessel carrying blood out of heartcarrying blood out of heart

Leaves left ventricle and Leaves left ventricle and loops over top of heart- loops over top of heart- Aortic Arch Aortic Arch

Descends along inside of Descends along inside of backbone as dorsal aortabackbone as dorsal aorta

Branches off to feed all Branches off to feed all the body systems (except the body systems (except lungs)lungs)

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels2. Coronary Arteries/ Veins2. Coronary Arteries/ Veins

First branches off aortaFirst branches off aorta Surface of heartSurface of heart Artery provides heart with Artery provides heart with

nutrientsnutrients Vein takes deoxygenated to Vein takes deoxygenated to

vena cavavena cava

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels

3. Carotid Arteries3. Carotid Arteries Take blood to headTake blood to head Specialized with nerve endingSpecialized with nerve ending

Chemoreceptors (O2 levels)Chemoreceptors (O2 levels) Pressure receptors (BP)Pressure receptors (BP)

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels4. Jugular Veins4. Jugular Veins

Match carotid arteryMatch carotid artery Bring blood from head to anterior vena cavaBring blood from head to anterior vena cava No valves (gravity)No valves (gravity)

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels

5. Subclavian arteries/ veins5. Subclavian arteries/ veins Arteries originate from aortaArteries originate from aorta Pass under the clavicle and branch to feed arms Pass under the clavicle and branch to feed arms

(brachial artery) and chest(brachial artery) and chest

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels

6. Mesenteric artery/ vein6. Mesenteric artery/ vein Artery branches off dorsal aortaArtery branches off dorsal aorta Subdivides and goes into intestinesSubdivides and goes into intestines

7. Hepatic Portal Vein7. Hepatic Portal Vein Transports nutrients from intestine to liverTransports nutrients from intestine to liver

8. Hepatic Vein8. Hepatic Vein Blood leaving liver goes to inferior vena Blood leaving liver goes to inferior vena

cavacava

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels9. Renal Arteries/ Veins9. Renal Arteries/ Veins

Artery branches off of dorsal aorta through lower back Artery branches off of dorsal aorta through lower back to kidneysto kidneys

Vein takes blood from kidneys to posterior vena cavaVein takes blood from kidneys to posterior vena cava

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels

10. Iliac Arteries/ veins10. Iliac Arteries/ veins Dorsal aorta divides at pelvic region into 2 iliac Dorsal aorta divides at pelvic region into 2 iliac

arteries, one going down each legarteries, one going down each leg Femoral artery (quadriceps) is a major branch of each Femoral artery (quadriceps) is a major branch of each

iliac arteryiliac artery

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels

11. Superior / Inferior vena cava11. Superior / Inferior vena cava Collect all blood from veins of systemic circuit and Collect all blood from veins of systemic circuit and

conducts back to right atriumconducts back to right atrium

Major Blood VesselsMajor Blood Vessels

12. Pulmonary Arteries/ Veins12. Pulmonary Arteries/ Veins Composes the pulmonary circuitComposes the pulmonary circuit Artery takes deoxygenated blood to lungsArtery takes deoxygenated blood to lungs Vein takes oxygenated blood to the left atriumVein takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium

SummarySummary

What to know??What to know??-Arteries vs veins vs capillaries in terms of structure/ -Arteries vs veins vs capillaries in terms of structure/

function/ locationfunction/ location

-Names and locations of major vessels-Names and locations of major vessels