CIRCULATORY SYSTEMCIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Prepared by:MARICARR D. ALEGREPrepared by:MARICARR D. ALEGRE

Circulatory System• Also known as the body’s transport system

• Its main function are to deliver food and oxygen to the cells and to pick up the cells waste material and carbon dioxide

• It is consist of the • Blood• Blood vessels• Heart

The HEARTThe HEART

• A muscular pump located between the lungs and above your diaphragm

• It can pump up to 10,000 liters of blood daily

• It can contract and relax 70 times a minute

• In average persons life the heart can beat 2.5 billion times

Parts and Functions of the HeartParts and Functions of the Heart

PERICARDIUM• Protective membrane that

surrounds the heart

• Its just like the skin of the heart

Chambers of the HeartChambers of the Heart

CHAMBERS OF THE HEART

• 1. ATRIA• The collecting chambers of the heart

(a)Right atrium

(b)Left atrium

2. VENTRICLE

pumping chamber of the heart

(a) right ventricle

(b) left ventricle

ATRIUM

1.RIGHT ATRIUM- collects blue unoxygenated

blood from the body

2. LEFT ATRIUM- collects oxygenated blood from

the lungs

VENTRICLE1. RIGHT VENTRICLE

- pumps unoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation

2. LEFT VENTRICLE

- pumps oxygenated blood to the different parts of the body

MAJOR BLOOD VESSELS ON THE HEART

1. SUPERIOR VENA CAVA- located at the upper part of the heart

which serves as the passage way of unoxygenated blood from your head and arms

2. INFERIOR VENA CAVA- located on the lower part of the heart

which is the pathway of unoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body

MAJOR BLOOD VESSELS ON THE HEART

3. PULMONARY ARTERY- carries deoxygenated blood from the

right ventricle to the lungs

4. PULMONARY VEIN- brings back oxygenated blood from the

lungs to your heart

5. AORTA- the largest artery in your body

VALVES• Prevents the backflow of blood

(a)TRICUSPID VALVE

- between the right atrium and right ventricle

(b) BICUSPID VALVE

-between the left atrium and left ventricle

VALVES

( C ) PULMONARY SEMILUNAR VALVE

- between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

( d ) AORTIC SEMILUNAR VALVE

- between the left atrium and aorta

SEPTUM

• muscular wall that divides the heart into left and right

• Prevents the crossing of blood

THE BLOODTHE BLOOD

• It circulates throughout the body, feeding, supplying and even defending the cells or tissues that make up your body

• Your blood consist of the liquid part, plasma, and the solid components, blood cells

BLOOD PLASMA• It comprises 50 to 60 percent of your

blood• The clear yellowish liquid part is

called the serum • It transports your blood cells

particularly the red blood cells• It also contains an antibodies which

protect your body from infection

BLOOD CELLSBLOOD CELLS

RED BLOOD CELLS• Also called erythrocytes• Very small, round disc shape cell

which are thinned out at the center

• It is formed in the bone marrow• It contains hemoglobin which

gives it the red color

RED BLOOD CELLS

• It is the one responsible for carrying the oxygen to the different parts of the body and picking up the carbon dioxide

• It also contains an antigens which determines the blood type

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

• Also called leucocytes• They protect the body

against foreign invading substances like bacteria

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

2 TYPES

1. PHAGOCYTES – engulf foreign substances

2. LYMPHOCYTES – produce antibodies to attack your body enemies

PLATELETS• Also called thrombocytes• It helps to plug leaks in

broken capillary walls• For tissue repair

BLOOD VESSELSBLOOD VESSELS

1. ARTERY – carry the blood away from the heart

2. VEINS - carry the blood towards the heart

3. CAPILLARIES - conjunction between them

- the smallest blood vessel

BLOOD TYPESBLOOD TYPES

Blood Recipie

nt

Type A Type B Type AB

Type O

Type A ( has anti-B)

No clumping clumping clumping No clumping

Type B ( has anti-A)

clumping No clumping clumping No clumping

Type AB (neither A

nor B)

No clumping No clumping No clumping No clumping

Type O (both anti A and B)

clumping clumping clumping No clumping