Horizon 2020_Session I_Raw Materials in Circular Economy_V.Gente
CIRCULAR STRUCTURAL MATERIALS
Transcript of CIRCULAR STRUCTURAL MATERIALS
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CIRCULAR STRUCTURAL MATERIALS
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Patrick TeuffelCIRCULAR STRUCTURAL DESIGN/ Eindhoven University of Technology/ TEUFFEL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS
19.11.2021, 4th Advanced Materials in Construction Summit, Berlin
© Tom Veeger
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Background and societal context
Paris Climate AgreementUN Sustainable Development Goals
European Green DealNew European Bauhaus
Dutch Circular 2050IPCC Report
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Paris climate agreement 2015
Dutch government program „Circular economy in 2050“ wants to reduce primary material use by 50% in 2030 and be fully circular in 2050
Source: https://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_agreement.pdf
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Source: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
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Source: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en#documents
A European Green Deal: Striving to be the first climate-neutral continent
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Source: https://europa.eu/new-european-bauhaus/index_en
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(c) Nederland circulair in 2050
Circular economy
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Source: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf
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Energy vs. material resources
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Sustainability in construction: Main focus on energy the last 20 years
Photo by Andreas Gücklhorn on Unsplash
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… but energy is not the problem
Photo by Luis Graterol on Unsplash
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… but material resource are limited
South Kalimantan, Indonesia, Indonesia’s largest coal mining company, Photo by Dominik Vanyi on Unsplash
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Source: https://ec.europa.eu/environment/enveco/resource_efficiency/pdf/report_Resource_Sectoral_Maps.pdf
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(c) John Orr, et. al.: Minimising Energy in Construction - Survey of Structural Engineering Practice, 2018
Operational vs. Embodied energy The operational energy is the energy, which is required during the service‐life of a building, which includes maintenance, replacement, energy requirements in the operating phase forheating, ventilation, and other services.
The grey (or embodied) energy covers the production (i.e. raw material processing, transport, and manufacturing of the building material) and disposal (waste management and disposal).
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Even sand has limited resources …
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Structural engineer‘s responsiblity ?
© The Institution of Structural Engineers: "How to calculate embodied carbon"
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Outline of a circular economy
Copyright © Ellen MacArthur Foundation (2020), www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org
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Circular Structural Materials
Re-useRe-new
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Re-use at material level: Waste is bad design …
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Re-use at material level: Waste is bad design …
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Re-use at component level: Eindhoven station roof
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Re-use at component level: Re-use of precast concrete panels (Master thesis Bart van den Brink)
Evaluation of suitable elements
Source:https://recreate-project.eu/
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Four Country-cluster• Finland• Sweden• Netherlands• Germanywith own pilot projects
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Photo by Jan Schevers/ TU/e
Re-use at component level: re-use of precast concrete panels
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Office A Office B Office C Office D
H S F n H S F n H S F n H S F n
HCS 430 1169 686 165
Walls 50 n.a. 34 n.a.
Beams 45 n.a. 138 84
Columns 72 n.a. 60 84
Façade elements
115 515 131 n.a.
Suitable with minor adaptations Suitable with major adaptations Not suitable
Re-use at component level: Re-use of precast concrete panels (Master thesis Bart van den Brink)
Evaluation of suitable elements
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Assessment of 60 BuildingsOn 64 parametersTechnical building properties
Controll groupTest group
Re-use at building level: Demolition versus transformation (Master thesis Marijn Landman)
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Re-use at building level: Demolition versus transformation (Master thesis Marijn Landman)
Evaluation matrix
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Re-use at building level: Demolition versus transformation (Master thesis Marijn Landman)
Survival probablity of building with low and high flex score
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Cradle to Cradle: Outline of a circular economy
Copyright © Ellen MacArthur Foundation (2020), www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org
Fossil MaterialsStock Management
(Bio-) RenewablesManagement
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Circular Structural Materials
Re-useRe-new
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+60%
+53%
Timber 6%
Timber 5.8 %
-3%
Re-new: Timber structures
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Re-new: Bio-composite bridge at TU/e campus
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Fibres• Flax and/or Hemp• Locally grown, harvested, produced and commercial available in NL
Resin• Goal was to use 100% bio-based resin• Not available in larger commercial quantities • Sicomin Greenpoxy 56% bio-based content
Non-woven, Woven, Bi-directional or Uni- directional fibres
Re-new: Bio-composite bridge at TU/e campus
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Core
• Bio-based PLA (Polyactide)
• Fully compostable when freely exposed to the environment
• PLA foam has a melting temperature of about 80 Celsius
Re-new: Bio-composite bridge at TU/e campus
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Non-woven (Non directional) Samples
Woven Samples
Re-new: Bio-composite bridge at TU/e campus
1:1 Mock-up
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Loading:7 x 950 kg in watertanks
FEM Abacus
Glass Fibre strainmeasurements
DeflectionMeasurementresults
Re-new: Bio-composite bridge at TU/e campus
Load test before installation
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Re-new: Bio-composite bridge at TU/e campus
Bridge installation
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© Tom Veeger
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Current state: SMART CIRCULAR BRIDGE
(c) Fibrecore
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MSc thesis R. Lelivelt
Re-new: Further research with Mycelium building blocks
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Re-new: Building with ice (TU/e with HIT)
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What‘s next?
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CSD: WWW.CIRCULAR-STRUCTURAL-DESIGN.EU/DE/