Christian Principles of Ethics (4)
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Transcript of Christian Principles of Ethics (4)
Christian Principles of
EthicsA. T. Alora
Objectives
Explain Christian principles of ethics related to health
Apply these principles to healthcare delivery, education and research
Christian Principles Principle: rules of conduct
from values translated to
concrete contexts Based on Christian faith Classification: in relation to
process, act, others
Christian PrinciplesIn relation to the decision-
making process well formed conscience inner freedom
I. Well formed Conscience Practical judgment Steps: inform, judge (moral certitude),
act,
accept responsibility Duty: form a true conscience Violation: fail to inform, obey, take
responsibility for
II. Inner Freedom Capacity to choose without
compulsion Duty: avoid loss of rational control Violation: cause loss of control Considerations: illness
coercion
Christian PrinciplesIn relation to actions: human dignity inviolability of life stewardship and creativity totality and integrity personalized sexuality double effect
III. Human DignityAim at satisfaction of
needs of personDuty: deal with as endViolation: use as means
IV. Inviolability of Life Life is sacred From conception to natural death Duty: protect life; preserve species Violation: harm/destroy life Consideration: Life is not the
highest value
V. Stewardship and Creativity Dominion over creation Duty: Care and cultivate
within nature
within man’s knowledge
responsibly and respectfully Violation: harm/destroy present or future
creation
Consideration: correct vs improve
VI. Totality and Integrity Full function and potential Parts for & subordinate to whole Duty: care for all parts Violation: mutilation, depress function, kill Consideration: sacrifice part if: harms whole no alternative removal does not destroy intrinsic nature effort to compensate
VII. Personalized sexuality Love and be united – continue species Conjugal act in marriage indivisible unitive and procreative elements Duty: preserve sanctity and integrity Violation: desecrate act; suppress one element Consideration: can be sacrificed
VIII. Double Effect Action with good and bad effect Duty: allow only if
motive (chosen effect) is good
object is good/neutral
benefit results from action
benefit more or = harm Violation: end used to justify means Consideration: evaluating effect/means
Christian PrinciplesIn relation to others (community) free and informed consent professional communication solidarity common good and subsidiarity cooperation
IX. Free and Informed Consent
Right/responsibility to decideFor protection
respect
better compliance
less litigation
Free and Informed Consent Elements
information
consent
competence and acceptance
freedom and voluntariness Considerations
emergencies, proxy, children
X. Professional Communication
1. Truth-telling
give accurate complete information
justification: it is right
for respect and trust
to prevent harm
for diagnosis &
management
Professional CommunicationTruth-telling
duty: tell: appropriate time and manner
violation: withheld truth, lies
considerations: emergency
therapeutic privilege
bad news: culture
Professional Communication2. Confidentiality
keep professional data private
justification: for respect and trust
to prevent harm
for diagnosis and
management
duty: keep secret
violation: telling others
Professional CommunicationConfidentiality
considerations: required by legitimate
authority
with consent
to avoid a greater harm
culture
XI. SolidarityBe one withFor common good, loveDuty: help neighborViolation: fail to helpConsideration: Philippine
culture
XII. Common Good and Subsidiarity
Participate according to capability
Help when unableDuty: let/help decide and actViolation: paternalismConsideration: efficiency
XIII. Legitimate Cooperation Participation in a wrong-doing Classification
intention: formal or material
involvement: immediate or mediate
action: proximate or remote Duty: not to cooperate in a wrong doing Violation: cooperation in a wrong doing
Legitimate Cooperation Consideration: may be allowed if
material, mediate and as remote as
possible
significant proportionate reason
scandal avoided
no alternative lesser evil action
Christian Principles
As I reflect God
growth through suffering
stewardship
virtues
XIV. Growth through Suffering United w/ Christ suffering – growth Duty: endure with courage and faith Violation: punishment Consideration: some sufferings need to
be relieved; duty of MD to do so