Christian Doppler Laboratory forDependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Three-Dimensional Beamforming

Fjolla Ademaj15.11.2016

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Studying 3D channel models

I Channel models on system-level tools commonly 2-dimensional (2D)

I 3GPP Spatial Channel Model (SCM)I A geometric stochastic modelI Only linear antenna arrays can be inspected with 2D channel models

I Three-Dimensional (3D) channel model enable investigations onI Full-dimension MIMOI 3D Beamforming

Slide 2 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Studying 3D channel models

I Channel models on system-level tools commonly 2-dimensional (2D)

I 3GPP Spatial Channel Model (SCM)I A geometric stochastic modelI Only linear antenna arrays can be inspected with 2D channel models

I Three-Dimensional (3D) channel model enable investigations onI Full-dimension MIMOI 3D Beamforming

Slide 2 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Studying 3D channel models

I Channel models on system-level tools commonly 2-dimensional (2D)

I 3GPP Spatial Channel Model (SCM)I A geometric stochastic modelI Only linear antenna arrays can be inspected with 2D channel models

I Three-Dimensional (3D) channel model enable investigations onI Full-dimension MIMOI 3D Beamforming

Slide 2 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Studying 3D channel models

I Channel models on system-level tools commonly 2-dimensional (2D)

I 3GPP Spatial Channel Model (SCM)I A geometric stochastic modelI Only linear antenna arrays can be inspected with 2D channel models

I Three-Dimensional (3D) channel model enable investigations onI Full-dimension MIMOI 3D Beamforming

Slide 2 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Studying 3D channel models

I Channel models on system-level tools commonly 2-dimensional (2D)

I 3GPP Spatial Channel Model (SCM)I A geometric stochastic modelI Only linear antenna arrays can be inspected with 2D channel models

I Three-Dimensional (3D) channel model enable investigations onI Full-dimension MIMOI 3D Beamforming

Slide 2 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Studying 3D channel models

I Channel models on system-level tools commonly 2-dimensional (2D)

I 3GPP Spatial Channel Model (SCM)I A geometric stochastic modelI Only linear antenna arrays can be inspected with 2D channel models

I Three-Dimensional (3D) channel model enable investigations onI Full-dimension MIMOI 3D Beamforming Antenna array

Slide 2 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Contents

Modeling the wireless channel in 3-dimensions

Complexity- Simulation run times

Massive MIMO: Spatial resolution of planar antenna arrays

Conclusion and Outlook

Slide 3 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Overview

Modeling the wireless channel in 3-dimensions

Complexity- Simulation run times

Massive MIMO: Spatial resolution of planar antenna arrays

Conclusion and Outlook

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Modeling the wireless channel in 3-dimensions

The 3GPP 3D channel model in Vienna LTE-A system-level simulator

I Considers elevation and azimuth

I Incorporates planar antenna arrays

z

x

y

x

y

z

θTX,m

ϕTX,m

θRX,m

ϕRX,m

Cluster

BS

UEPaths

Azimuth

Elevation

Slide 4 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Reduction in complexity

I The 3GPP 3D model imposes high complexity

I Complexity reduction by:I Partition the scenario into equally sized cubesI Within a cube UE experiences the same propagation conditions

I Spatial resolution 1 mI Temporal resolution 1 msI UE speed v = [7.5, 0, 0] km/h

I Change the cube each 36 sub-frames

Temporal resolution refers to the length of one LTE sub-frame

Slide 5 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Reduction in complexity

I The 3GPP 3D model imposes high complexity

I Complexity reduction by:I Partition the scenario into equally sized cubesI Within a cube UE experiences the same propagation conditions

I Spatial resolution 1 mI Temporal resolution 1 msI UE speed v = [7.5, 0, 0] km/h

I Change the cube each 36 sub-frames

Temporal resolution refers to the length of one LTE sub-frame

Slide 5 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Reduction in complexity

I The 3GPP 3D model imposes high complexity

I Complexity reduction by:I Partition the scenario into equally sized cubesI Within a cube UE experiences the same propagation conditions

I Spatial resolution 1 mI Temporal resolution 1 msI UE speed v = [7.5, 0, 0] km/h

I Change the cube each 36 sub-frames

Temporal resolution refers to the length of one LTE sub-frame

Slide 5 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Reduction in complexity

I The 3GPP 3D model imposes high complexity

I Complexity reduction by:I Partition the scenario into equally sized cubesI Within a cube UE experiences the same propagation conditions

I Spatial resolution 1 mI Temporal resolution 1 msI UE speed v = [7.5, 0, 0] km/h

I Change the cube each 36 sub-frames

Temporal resolution refers to the length of one LTE sub-frame

Slide 5 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Reduction in complexity

I The 3GPP 3D model imposes high complexity

I Complexity reduction by:I Partition the scenario into equally sized cubesI Within a cube UE experiences the same propagation conditions

1 m

UE

1 m1

m

z

x

y

v

I Spatial resolution 1 mI Temporal resolution 1 msI UE speed v = [7.5, 0, 0] km/h

I Change the cube each 36 sub-frames

Temporal resolution refers to the length of one LTE sub-frame

Slide 5 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Reduction in complexity

I The 3GPP 3D model imposes high complexity

I Complexity reduction by:I Partition the scenario into equally sized cubesI Within a cube UE experiences the same propagation conditions

1 m

UE

1 m1

m

z

x

y

v

I Spatial resolution 1 mI Temporal resolution 1 msI UE speed v = [7.5, 0, 0] km/h

I Change the cube each 36 sub-frames

Temporal resolution refers to the length of one LTE sub-frame

Slide 5 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Reduction in complexity

I The 3GPP 3D model imposes high complexity

I Complexity reduction by:I Partition the scenario into equally sized cubesI Within a cube UE experiences the same propagation conditions

1 m

UE

1 m1

m

z

x

y

v

I Spatial resolution 1 mI Temporal resolution 1 msI UE speed v = [7.5, 0, 0] km/h

I Change the cube each 36 sub-frames

Temporal resolution refers to the length of one LTE sub-frame

Slide 5 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Calibration: Zenith spread

I Comparing system-level simulations and 3GPP TR 36.873 results

0 10 20 30 40 50 600

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Zenith spread of departure [°]

ECD

F

3GPP - data from 21 sources

3GPP - median from 21 sources

Vienna LTE-A System-Level simulator

0 10 20 30 40 50 600

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Zenith spread of arrival [°]

ECD

F

3GPP - data from 21 sources

3GPP - median from 21 sources

Vienna LTE-A System-Level simulator

Slide 6 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Overview

Modeling the wireless channel in 3-dimensions

Complexity- Simulation run times

Massive MIMO: Spatial resolution of planar antenna arrays

Conclusion and Outlook

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times

I A network of seven hexagonally arranged macro-sites, each employing threeeNodeB sectors

I Evaluate the simulation complexity [Ademaj et al., a]:I Number of interfering links Nsector = {2, 8, 14, 20}I Number of UEs per sector K = {2, 20, 50}I Number of antenna elements M = {8, 24, 40, 80}I Simulation length NTTI = {10, 50, 100}

Slide 7 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times

I A network of seven hexagonally arranged macro-sites, each employing threeeNodeB sectors

I Evaluate the simulation complexity [Ademaj et al., a]:I Number of interfering links Nsector = {2, 8, 14, 20}I Number of UEs per sector K = {2, 20, 50}I Number of antenna elements M = {8, 24, 40, 80}I Simulation length NTTI = {10, 50, 100}

Slide 7 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times

I A network of seven hexagonally arranged macro-sites, each employing threeeNodeB sectors

I Evaluate the simulation complexity [Ademaj et al., a]:I Number of interfering links Nsector = {2, 8, 14, 20}I Number of UEs per sector K = {2, 20, 50}I Number of antenna elements M = {8, 24, 40, 80}I Simulation length NTTI = {10, 50, 100}

Slide 7 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times

I A network of seven hexagonally arranged macro-sites, each employing threeeNodeB sectors

I Evaluate the simulation complexity [Ademaj et al., a]:I Number of interfering links Nsector = {2, 8, 14, 20}I Number of UEs per sector K = {2, 20, 50}I Number of antenna elements M = {8, 24, 40, 80}I Simulation length NTTI = {10, 50, 100}

Slide 7 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times

I A network of seven hexagonally arranged macro-sites, each employing threeeNodeB sectors

I Evaluate the simulation complexity [Ademaj et al., a]:I Number of interfering links Nsector = {2, 8, 14, 20}I Number of UEs per sector K = {2, 20, 50}I Number of antenna elements M = {8, 24, 40, 80}I Simulation length NTTI = {10, 50, 100}

... ... ...

Co-pol

Q={

2, 6

, 10,

20}

p0 p2 p1 p3

λ/2

λ/2

ω1(θtilt)

ωQ(θtilt)

Slide 7 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times

I A network of seven hexagonally arranged macro-sites, each employing threeeNodeB sectors

I Evaluate the simulation complexity [Ademaj et al., a]:I Number of interfering links Nsector = {2, 8, 14, 20}I Number of UEs per sector K = {2, 20, 50}I Number of antenna elements M = {8, 24, 40, 80}I Simulation length NTTI = {10, 50, 100}

... ... ...

Co-pol

Q={

2, 6

, 10,

20}

p0 p2 p1 p3

λ/2

λ/2

ω1(θtilt)

ωQ(θtilt)

Slide 7 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Simulation run times: Varying the size of antenna array

K Number of UEsNsector Number of interferers

NTTI Simulation length in TTIsM Number of antenna elements in array

M = 80M = 8M = 24M = 40

100

Simulation length N75

5025

05040

30Number K of UEs

2010

0

1

0

2

3

4

5

6× 10 5

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

TTI

20

Interfering eNodeBs N15

105

05040

3020

1000

0.5

1

1.5

2× 10 4

Sim

ulat

ion

runt

ime

[s]

Number K of UEs

sector

Slide 8 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Throughput performance: Rayleigh versus 3GPP 3D model

I Desired channel modeled by 3GPP 3D modelI Interfering channels modeled as

I A noise-limited networkI Rayleigh fadingI The 3GPP 3D model

Slide 9 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Throughput performance: Rayleigh versus 3GPP 3D model

I Desired channel modeled by 3GPP 3D modelI Interfering channels modeled as

I A noise-limited networkI Rayleigh fadingI The 3GPP 3D model

Slide 9 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Throughput performance: Rayleigh versus 3GPP 3D model

I Desired channel modeled by 3GPP 3D modelI Interfering channels modeled as

I A noise-limited networkI Rayleigh fadingI The 3GPP 3D model

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.50

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Average UE throughput [Mbit/s]

ECD

F Noise only

Slide 9 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Throughput performance: Rayleigh versus 3GPP 3D model

I Desired channel modeled by 3GPP 3D modelI Interfering channels modeled as

I A noise-limited networkI Rayleigh fadingI The 3GPP 3D model

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.50

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Average UE throughput [Mbit/s]

ECD

F

Rayleigh fading

Noise only

Slide 9 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Throughput performance: Rayleigh versus 3GPP 3D model

I Desired channel modeled by 3GPP 3D modelI Interfering channels modeled as

I A noise-limited networkI Rayleigh fadingI The 3GPP 3D model

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.50

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Average UE throughput [Mbit/s]

ECD

F

Rayleigh fading

3GPP 3D model

Noise only

Slide 9 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Overview

Modeling the wireless channel in 3-dimensions

Complexity- Simulation run times

Massive MIMO: Spatial resolution of planar antenna arrays

Conclusion and Outlook

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Spatial resolution of planar antenna arrays

I How does the channel impacts the spatial resolution of an antenna array?I What is the spatial separation of narrow beams in LOS and NLOS, outdoors and

indoors [Ademaj et al., b]?

90°

0°

h BSh UE

d =250 m

UE

UE d =150 mUE

d =50 mUE

θ s

Slide 10 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Resolution of a uniform vertical linear array

Antenna array radiation pattern in elevation

w (q )1 s

w (q )2 s

w (q )3 s

w (q )M s

M

q =90°s

Slide 11 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Resolution of a uniform vertical linear array

Antenna array radiation pattern in elevation

w (q )1 s

w (q )2 s

w (q )3 s

w (q )M s

M

q =90°s

5

10

15

20

25

60

210

30

240

0

180

120

150

150

120

90

M=1M=10M=100

Slide 11 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Resolution of a uniform vertical linear array

Antenna array radiation pattern in elevation

w (q )1 s

w (q )2 s

w (q )3 s

w (q )M s

M

q =90°s

5

10

15

20

25

60

210

30

240

0

180

120

150

150

120

90

M=1M=10M=100

5

Slide 11 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

2D Antenna array structure

I Antenna port configuration: NTx × NRx = 4× 2I Antenna array geometry at eNodeB: NTx ×M

... ... ...

M={

1, 1

0, 1

00}

λ/2

ωM(θs)

ω2(θs)

ω1(θs)

...

p={1, 2, ..., ΝTx} r={1, ..., ΝRx}

eNodeB UE

Slide 12 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Indoor UE: Channel energy and UE throughput

I UE height hUE = 1.5 mI UE distance dUE = 150 mI M = {1, 10, 100}I Steering angle θs = {0◦, 10◦, 20◦, · · · , 180◦}I Target angle θs = 98.9◦

Slide 13 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Indoor UE: Channel energy and UE throughput

I UE height hUE = 1.5 mI UE distance dUE = 150 mI M = {1, 10, 100}I Steering angle θs = {0◦, 10◦, 20◦, · · · , 180◦}I Target angle θs = 98.9◦

Steering angle [°]100 120 140 160 180

Chan

nel e

nerg

y [d

B]

-150

-140

-130

-120

-110

-100

-90

-80

806040200

Steering angle [°]100 120 140 160 180

Ave

rage

UE

thro

ughp

ut [M

bit/

s]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

806040200

Slide 13 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Indoor UE: Channel energy and UE throughput

I UE height hUE = 1.5 mI UE distance dUE = 150 mI M = {1, 10, 100}I Steering angle θs = {0◦, 10◦, 20◦, · · · , 180◦}I Target angle θs = 98.9◦

M=1 M=10 M=100LOS NLOS

Steering angle [°]100 120 140 160 180

Chan

nel e

nerg

y [d

B]

-150

-140

-130

-120

-110

-100

-90

-80

806040200

Steering angle [°]100 120 140 160 180

Ave

rage

UE

thro

ughp

ut [M

bit/

s]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

806040200

Slide 13 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Indoor UE: Channel energy and UE throughput

I UE height hUE = 1.5 mI UE distance dUE = 150 mI M = {1, 10, 100}I Steering angle θs = {0◦, 10◦, 20◦, · · · , 180◦}I Target angle θs = 98.9◦

M=1 M=10 M=100LOS NLOS

Steering angle [°]100 120 140 160 180

Chan

nel e

nerg

y [d

B]

-150

-140

-130

-120

-110

-100

-90

-80

806040200

Steering angle [°]100 120 140 160 180

Ave

rage

UE

thro

ughp

ut [M

bit/

s]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

806040200

Slide 13 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Overview

Modeling the wireless channel in 3-dimensions

Complexity- Simulation run times

Massive MIMO: Spatial resolution of planar antenna arrays

Conclusion and Outlook

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Conclusion

I Incorporation of the elevation dimension increases the computational complexityby more than three times

I The complexity grows roughly linearly with the number of antenna elements perantenna array

I A more optimistic view on performance observed by 3D model: simple channelmodels may underestimate the achievable performance

I In terms of spatial resolution, doubling the number of antenna elements inelevation does not double the received channel energy

I The optimal number of antenna elements - ?

Slide 14 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Outlook: 5G System LevelThe 3GPP 3D channel model

I Reduce the model complexity by pruning the multipath componentsI Adapt the model for moving scenarios: spatial correlation and channel transitions

z

x

y

BS

Clusters

Clusters

x

y

z UE

Slide 15 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Outlook: 5G System Level3D Channel models > 6 GHz

I 3GPP TR 38.900: Channel models for carrier frequencies 6 GHz− 100 GHz

I Covering many scenarios (rural, urban, street canyons, open area, indoorscenarios, D2D and V2V)

I Three-dimensional beamforming

Slide 16 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Outlook: Full-dimension MIMO

I Antenna configurations for 2-dimensional antenna arraysI New transmitter architectures: TXRU modeling and two-layer mappingI New precoding strategies to support the element-level antenna structure

TXRU Transceiver Unit

Slide 17 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Outlook: Full-dimension MIMO

I Antenna configurations for 2-dimensional antenna arraysI New transmitter architectures: TXRU modeling and two-layer mapping

I New precoding strategies to support the element-level antenna structure

TXRU Transceiver Unit

Slide 17 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Outlook: Full-dimension MIMO

I Antenna configurations for 2-dimensional antenna arraysI New transmitter architectures: TXRU modeling and two-layer mapping

I New precoding strategies to support the element-level antenna structure

TXRU Transceiver Unit

Slide 17 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Outlook: Full-dimension MIMO

I Antenna configurations for 2-dimensional antenna arraysI New transmitter architectures: TXRU modeling and two-layer mapping

I New precoding strategies to support the element-level antenna structure

TXRU Transceiver Unit

Slide 17 / 19

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Outlook: Full-dimension MIMO in moving scenarios

I Beam alignment schemes for efficient UE trackingI Cars and high speed trains

http://www.profheath.org/research/millimeter-wave-cellular-systems/mmwave-for-vehicular-communications-2/

Slide 18 / 19

Christian Doppler Laboratory forDependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

Three-Dimensional Beamforming

Fjolla Ademaj15.11.2016

Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion

References I

Ademaj, F., Taranetz, M., and Rupp, M.3GPP 3D MIMO Channel Model: A Holistic Implementation Guideline for Open Source SImulation Tools.EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communication Networks 2016. doi:10.1186/s13638-016-0549-9.

Ademaj, F., Taranetz, M., and Rupp, M.Evaluating the spatial resolution of 2d antenna arrays for massive mimo transmissions.The 24th European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2016.

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