Christ is the Propitiation for Sins 1 John 2:1, 2.

Christ is the Propitiation for Christ is the Propitiation for Sins Sins

1 John 2:1, 21 John 2:1, 2

Propitiation for SinsPropitiation for Sins

I. Meaning of the term “Propitiation” I. Meaning of the term “Propitiation”

Related to the word “mercy” or “propitious”.

Luke 18:13, “God be merciful (propitious) to me, a sinner.”

Propitious = kind, favorable, merciful.


B. “Propitiation” = “an expiation, a B. “Propitiation” = “an expiation, a means whereby sin is means whereby sin is coveredcovered and and remitted” (Vine). remitted” (Vine).

Rom. 4:7, “Blessed are those whose Rom. 4:7, “Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are lawless deeds are forgivenforgiven, and whose , and whose sins are sins are covered covered .”.”

In the OT – expiation or atonement; in In the OT – expiation or atonement; in the NT – propitiation. the NT – propitiation.


I. I. Sacrifice of animals = expiation or Sacrifice of animals = expiation or atonementatonement. .

A. Leviticus 1:4, “Then he shall put his A. Leviticus 1:4, “Then he shall put his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted on his behalf to it will be accepted on his behalf to make make atonementatonement for him.” for him.”


B. Not substitution. Simply identification B. Not substitution. Simply identification with the sacrifice. with the sacrifice.

““It’s mine, I offer it for the purpose It’s mine, I offer it for the purpose indicated.” indicated.”

Many teach that Lev. 1:4 means that the sins Many teach that Lev. 1:4 means that the sins of the person that makes the offering are of the person that makes the offering are transferred to the animal. transferred to the animal.

No, it does not mean that. No, it does not mean that.


Look at Lev. 3:2, the same is said of the Look at Lev. 3:2, the same is said of the peace offering: peace offering:

““he shall lay his hand on the head of his he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering.” offering.”

There is certainly no “transferring” of There is certainly no “transferring” of something here. No substitution.something here. No substitution.


The Bible does not teach that Christ is our The Bible does not teach that Christ is our “Substitute,” that He died in our place, etc.“Substitute,” that He died in our place, etc.

God never intended that sinners be God never intended that sinners be crucified for their sins. That would be crucified for their sins. That would be substitution. substitution.

Christ was the SACRIFICE for our sins, Christ was the SACRIFICE for our sins, making it possible for God to merciful and making it possible for God to merciful and forgive us.forgive us.


C. Leviticus 4:35, “So the priest shall C. Leviticus 4:35, “So the priest shall make atonementmake atonement for his sin that he has for his sin that he has committed, and it shall be committed, and it shall be forgivenforgiven him.” him.” Making atonement had to do with obtaining Making atonement had to do with obtaining mercy and forgiveness.mercy and forgiveness.

D. Leviticus 16:34, “Now you shall have D. Leviticus 16:34, “Now you shall have this as a permanent statute, to make this as a permanent statute, to make atonement for the children of Israel for all atonement for the children of Israel for all their sins once every year” on the their sins once every year” on the day of day of AtonementAtonement. .


III. III. Christ is the propitiation for our sinsChrist is the propitiation for our sins..

A. The sacrifices under the law of Moses A. The sacrifices under the law of Moses were as a “shadow” or “type” of the only were as a “shadow” or “type” of the only sacrifice that takes away sin.sacrifice that takes away sin.

B. Romans 3:25, “whom God set forth B. Romans 3:25, “whom God set forth as as propitiation by His blood, through faith, to propitiation by His blood, through faith, to demonstrate His righteousness.” demonstrate His righteousness.”


It is interesting to note that the word It is interesting to note that the word “propitiation” (HILASTERION) is the word “propitiation” (HILASTERION) is the word for “mercy-seat.”for “mercy-seat.”

This was the cover of the Ark of the This was the cover of the Ark of the Covenant, Heb. 9:5. Covenant, Heb. 9:5.

The High Priest sprinkled blood on the The High Priest sprinkled blood on the “mercy seat” on the Day of Atonement in “mercy seat” on the Day of Atonement in order to obtain mercy (forgiveness) for his order to obtain mercy (forgiveness) for his sins and the sins of the people.sins and the sins of the people.


C. 1 Jn. 2:2, “and he is the propitiation for C. 1 Jn. 2:2, “and he is the propitiation for our sins.” our sins.”

Compare Isaiah 53:5, “He Compare Isaiah 53:5, “He was was wounded for wounded for our transgressions, our transgressions, He was He was bruised for our bruised for our iniquities; iniquities;

The chastisement for our peace (that The chastisement for our peace (that brought us peace) brought us peace) was was upon Him.” V. 10, upon Him.” V. 10, “When You make His soul an “When You make His soul an offering for offering for sinsin”. ”.


The Ethiopian eunuch was reading this text The Ethiopian eunuch was reading this text and asked “of whom does the prophet say and asked “of whom does the prophet say this?” this?”

And Philip “preached Jesus to him.” Acts And Philip “preached Jesus to him.” Acts 8:34, 35. He explained that because of the 8:34, 35. He explained that because of the sacrifice of Christ and our obedience, God sacrifice of Christ and our obedience, God can show mercy and forgive us. can show mercy and forgive us.

The eunuch understood this and wanted to The eunuch understood this and wanted to be baptized immediately.be baptized immediately.


D. The all-important question: How can God D. The all-important question: How can God be be justjust and and justifyjustify the sinner? the sinner?

The answer is: by means of the Sacrifice of The answer is: by means of the Sacrifice of Christ (divine part); Christ (divine part);

And by faith + obedience (human part). And by faith + obedience (human part).

Some mock at this saying “it’s 50-50”. By no Some mock at this saying “it’s 50-50”. By no means.means.


However God However God onlyonly PROVIDES and man PROVIDES and man mustmust ACCEPT by obeying the gospel. ACCEPT by obeying the gospel.

In that way God can In that way God can show His mercyshow His mercy, , forgiving sin; forgiving sin;

that is, the sacrifice of Christ makes it that is, the sacrifice of Christ makes it possible. We possible. We acceptaccept and and receivereceive it! it!


E. The Grand Purpose: Reconciliation with E. The Grand Purpose: Reconciliation with God. God.

Sin separates us from God. Propitiation is to Sin separates us from God. Propitiation is to RESTORE unity or union with God, 2 Cor. RESTORE unity or union with God, 2 Cor. 5:18, 19. 5:18, 19.

In this way, instead of enmity there is In this way, instead of enmity there is reconciliation with God (Colossians 1:21). reconciliation with God (Colossians 1:21).

Now there is friendship instead of enmity. 2 Now there is friendship instead of enmity. 2 Cor. 5:18-21.Cor. 5:18-21.


F. 1 Peter 2:24, “who Himself bore our sins F. 1 Peter 2:24, “who Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree, that we, having in His own body on the tree, that we, having died to sins, might live for righteousness -- died to sins, might live for righteousness -- by whose stripes you were healed.” by whose stripes you were healed.”

What does Peter mean by “bore our sins”? What does Peter mean by “bore our sins”?

Calvinism says that man’s sins were Calvinism says that man’s sins were imputed to Christ. No, this is not correct. imputed to Christ. No, this is not correct.


Compare Matt. 8:17, “He Himself took our Compare Matt. 8:17, “He Himself took our infirmities and bore our sicknesses.” This infirmities and bore our sicknesses.” This also is from Isaiah 53.also is from Isaiah 53.

Did Christ become sick? No, this simply Did Christ become sick? No, this simply means He means He healedhealed their sicknesses. their sicknesses.

By the same token 1 Pet. 2:24 means He By the same token 1 Pet. 2:24 means He forgivesforgives our sins. our sins.


G. Romans 4:7, “Blessed … G. Romans 4:7, “Blessed … forgiven forgiven … … whose sins are whose sins are coveredcovered.”.”

This means that our sins are covered This means that our sins are covered (propitiated) by means of the sacrifice of (propitiated) by means of the sacrifice of Christ. Christ.

Psalm 32:1 Blessed is the person whose sin Psalm 32:1 Blessed is the person whose sin is covered. is covered.


IV. IV. Christ is the ONLY way to obtain the Christ is the ONLY way to obtain the mercy of Godmercy of God..

A. Romans 5:1, “having been justified A. Romans 5:1, “having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through… by faith, we have peace with God through… Jesus Christ.” Jesus Christ.”


B. But for those who do not obey the gospel B. But for those who do not obey the gospel of Christ, the Bible does not promise peace of Christ, the Bible does not promise peace nor grace nor mercy, neither now nor in the nor grace nor mercy, neither now nor in the Day of Judgment. John 14:6.Day of Judgment. John 14:6.

C. Those who do not obey the gospel are C. Those who do not obey the gospel are still under the wrath of God. 1 Peter 4:17; 2 still under the wrath of God. 1 Peter 4:17; 2 Thessalonians 1:7, 8.Thessalonians 1:7, 8.

AS IF JESUS HAD NOT DIED.AS IF JESUS HAD NOT DIED.


D. How does one “obey the gospel”? D. How does one “obey the gospel”?

Read the examples of conversion in Acts of Read the examples of conversion in Acts of the Apostles. the Apostles.

They heard the gospel, believed, repented of They heard the gospel, believed, repented of their sins, confessed Christ (confessed His their sins, confessed Christ (confessed His Deity) and were baptized (immersed) in Deity) and were baptized (immersed) in water in the name of the Father, and of the water in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit for the remission Son and of the Holy Spirit for the remission of sins (Acts 2:38).of sins (Acts 2:38).


V. V. God is the God of wrathGod is the God of wrath for those who for those who disobey Him.disobey Him.

A. Romans 2:4-10, “you are storing up wrath A. Romans 2:4-10, “you are storing up wrath for yourself… indignation and wrath unto for yourself… indignation and wrath unto them that do not obey the truth.” NT. His them that do not obey the truth.” NT. His love, His gift, REJECTED as if worthless!love, His gift, REJECTED as if worthless!

B. Hebrews 10:31, “It is a terrifying thing to B. Hebrews 10:31, “It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God; 12:29, fall into the hands of the living God; 12:29, for our God is a consuming fire.” This is in for our God is a consuming fire.” This is in the NEW Testament!the NEW Testament!


Conclusion.Conclusion.

A. Remember that all sin produces divine A. Remember that all sin produces divine wrath … and that Christ is the ONLY wrath … and that Christ is the ONLY propitiation for sins, the ONLY one that propitiation for sins, the ONLY one that makes it possible for God to be merciful makes it possible for God to be merciful toward us.toward us.

B. God hates all sin: to Him it is like a dirty B. God hates all sin: to Him it is like a dirty garment, like the corruption of a dead body, garment, like the corruption of a dead body, like vomit… No wonder it separates us from like vomit… No wonder it separates us from God (Isaiah 59:1, 2).God (Isaiah 59:1, 2).


C. Every sin enslaves, contaminates, hurts C. Every sin enslaves, contaminates, hurts and destroys. In this day and age more and and destroys. In this day and age more and more, sin is just considered a joke, but for more, sin is just considered a joke, but for God it’s detestable, abominableGod it’s detestable, abominable

D. Then, “How shall we escape if we neglect D. Then, “How shall we escape if we neglect so great a salvation?” Hebrews 2:3.so great a salvation?” Hebrews 2:3.

Christ is the Propitiation for Sins 1 John 2:1, 2.

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