Chordata-Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds

By Kevin Wei and Scott Cramer

http://www.norcas.com/Dragon2.JPGKevin Wei

Amphibia

• Urodela(Salamanders)

• Anura(Frogs)

• Apoda(Caecilians)

http://www.washingtonnh.org/WCC_Html//artwork/Spotted-salamander.jpg

http://www.shoarns.com/frog.jpg

http://www.gregboettcher.com/as/science/classification/images/caecilian.jpg

Kevin Wei

Reptilia• Dinosaurs

• Lepidosaurs

• Turtles

• Alligators and Crocodiles

• Birds

http://vindyame2008.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/dinosaur-printable-invitation2.jpg

http://www.reptileskb.com/images/225px-Coachella_Valley_Fringe-toed_Lizard.jpg

http://www.waynet.org/waynet/spotlight/2004/images/07/turtle_back.jpg

http://en.academic.ru/pictures/enwiki/70/Florida_Alligator.jpg

http://digital-photography-school.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/02/images/bird-photography.jpg

Kevin Wei

Body Cavity

• Coelomates• Peritoneum encloses the coelom

http://universe-review.ca/I10-82-frog.jpg

Kevin Wei

Body symmetry

• Bilateral Symmetry

http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/bilateral.jpg

Kevin Wei

Nervous systemsBirds:

Central Nervous System

(Brain and Spinal cord)

Three part brain: Smell, Sight, Hearing

http://universe-review.ca/I10-82-bird.jpg

Scott Cramer

Nervous systemsAmphibians:

Brain and Spinal Cord

Two eyes

Extra protective eyelid for land use

http://www.ifrog.us/wp-content/gallery/miscellaneous/frog-nervous-system-diagram.jpg

Scott Cramer

Nervous systems

Reptiles:

Brain & Spinal Cord

Nerves running from both to Sense organs

http://universe-review.ca/I10-39-thirdeye.jpg Scott Cramer

Circulatory systemsReptiles:

Poikilothermic (Cold Blooded)

Three Chambered heart

Some pythons heart can be 4 Chambered

Crocodiles have 4 chambered heart w/ two systemic aortas

http://universe-review.ca/I10-82-circulatory.jpg

Scott Cramer

Circulatory systemsAmphibians:

Three chambered heart

Ectothermic: Cold-Blooded body temperature regulation

Some Gills

http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/lifescience/GeneralBiology/Physiology/RespiratorySystem/MethodsRespiration/frogslungs.gif

http://www.biologyreference.com/images/biol_02_img0188.jpg

Scott Cramer

Circulatory systems

Birds:

Warm Blooded

4-Chambered heart, left ventricle pumps into body- much bigger

http://theunjustmedia.com/Darwinism%20Refuted/Darwinism%20Refuted/Kuzemnre1.jpghttp://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/801/910514.JPG

Scott Cramer

Digestive system

• Mouth(Beaks), tongue, esophagus, stomach, intestine, rectum

http://img197.imageshack.us/img197/2453/snakejim.jpg

Scott Cramer

Excretory system

• Kidneys and ureters to dispose of bodily wastes

http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/bio112/Bio112LabMan/cppig2_files/image012.gif

Scott Cramer

Locomotion/Musculature

• Adult Amphibians-Tetrapods• Apodans are legless-burrowing• Some larval stages swim(Undulation)• Reptiles-Bipedal, Tetrapods, Legless(lateral bending)• Birds-Bipedal, Wings, Swim

http://www.clownlink.com/uploaded_images/frog_jumping-714039.gif

http://www.magazine.noaa.gov/stories/images/nwhi-flying-bird.jpg

http://homepage.mac.com/jlepson/Bird-A-Thon/Gopher%20Snake%20a.jpeg

Kevin Wei

http://users.manchester.edu/Student/AMCosaboom/Tadpoles/tadpole.jpg

Skeletal type

• Inner skeletons with backbones• Most have two limbs attached to main body

http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/Amphibian.htmlhttp://www.photobirds.com/templates/default/images_pubs/bird_skeleton.jpg

Kevin Wei

Sensory structures/features

• Eyes • Noses • Tongues • Touch--(Skin/scales/feathers)• Ears

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Salamander_head.png

Kevin Wei

Reproduction• Sexual Reproduction-Amphibians(external),

Reptiles+Birds(internal)• Amniotes(Birds and Reptiles)-Eggs with an extraembryonic

membrane(amnion)• Amphibian eggs lack an amnion• Amnion protects embryo in a fluid-filled cavity

http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/Zoology/Biologicaldiverstity/AnimalsIII/amniotegg.gifhttp://www.arkive.org/media/8D/8DB1F04B-048A-483A-B15A-0677C7DC0330/Presentation.Large/photo.jpg

Kevin Wei

Gas exchange

• Amphibians-Cutaneous and Pulmonary on land

• Reptiles+Birds-Pulmonary

http://www.snakeeducation.com/photos/snakes/red%20rat%20snake%20pattern.JPG

http://www.devils-punchbowl.com/images/birds/redtail2.jpg

Kevin Wei

Interesting fact

• Birds are closest relatives of dinosaurs(Grouped as Saurischians)

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2008/manelli_chri/Images/bird.JPGhttp://yepyep.gibbs12.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/bryce9-t-rex.jpg

= ?Kevin Wei

Quiz

• True or False: Amphibians are not coelomates• A: FALSE• Which group is warm-blooded? Amphibians?

Reptiles? Birds?• A: BIRDS• What is the role of the amnion?• A: To protect the embryo?• Do all amphibians have legs?• A: NO

Kevin Wei