Tng quan v ngnh ma ng

5/19/20151I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ngVai tr:Ngnh ma ng l mt trong nhng ngnh cng nghip chim v tr quan trng trong nn kinh t nc tang vai tr quan trng cung cp nguyn liu cho ngnh thc phm v nhu cu tiu th ca ngi tiu dng.

5/19/20152

5/19/20153Nhu cu tiu th v sn lng ng ca Vit Nam (ngun: LMC, 2012)I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ng5/19/20154I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ngMt s nh my ma ng Vit Nam b nhim:Cng ty CP ma ng Sn La x nc thi, kh thi c ra mi trng khin ngi dn xung quanh phi sng trong nhim. 5/19/20155

I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ngNh my ng Ninh Ha x thi trc tip ra ngoi mi trng lm nh hng ti ngun nc v nhim khng kh cho ngi dn trn a bn.Nh my ng An Kh thuc Cng ty C phn ng Qung Ngi l nguyn nhn trc tip khin sng Ba b nhim nng.

5/19/20156I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ng3. Tc ng n mi trng v sc khe con ngi:3.1.Kh thi, bi: Pht sinh t phng tin vn chuyn nguyn liu, nhin liu, sn phm ra vo nh myQu trnh sn xut: ch yu t l hi dng b ma lm nhin liu, t qu trnh x l nc ma bng CO2 v SO2Khi ca l t b ma v thanHi ca l t lu hunh khi gp s c c th thot 1 phn ra ngoi. Kh thi pht sinh t my pht in d phng

5/19/20157

I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ngTt c cc kh thi, khi, bi thi ra t nh my ma ng u nh hng nghim trng n mi trng v sc khe ca mi ngi xung quanh nh my. gy nhim mi trng khng khGy ra cc bnh v h hp ngi nh ho, s mi, vim ph qun5/19/20158I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ng3.2. Cht thi rn: T hot ng sinh hot ca cng nhn: bao b, hp cm, thc n d tha, kim loi.T qu trnh sn xut: c cy bm trn cy ma, r ng, b ma, bn lc, tro l hi, .Bao b hng, chai l ng ha cht lm gia tng s lan truyn cc loi bnh tt t rui, mui, chut nu khng c x l s lm nhim mi trng t, nc mt, nc ngm, t c kh nng nhim cy trng v nc ung.

5/19/20159I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ng3.3.Cht thi nguy hi: Gi lau dnh du nht.Bng n hunh quang b hng.Chai l ng ha cht phc v cho qu trnh sn xut.d gy chy n, gy ng c cho sc khe con ngi v d n mn nhiu vt cht khc.

5/19/201510I. Tng quan v ngnh ma ng3.4. Nc thi:T cc ct ngng t to chn khng ca cc thit b: bc hi, nu ng T cc ngun nc lm ngui my, thit b trong dy chuyn sn xut ca nh myT nc ra v sinh cc khu vc trong nh my: nc x y ni hi, nc thi phng th nghim, nc r r ng ng, nc thi lc vi, v sinh my mc thit bPht sinh t hot ng sinh hot ca cng nhn, nc ma chy trn cun tri cc cht thi.

5/19/201511II. QUI TRNH CNG NGH

5/19/201512

Thuyt minh quy trnhNguyn liu maPhi thu hoch ng thi im, ma phi ti, sch2. Vn chuyn phi vn chuyn ma n nh my trong thi gian ngn nht, Ma c vn chuyn ti nh my bng cc xe ti c trng ti t 20 30 tn.3. Cn v khoan ma mu Mc ch: bit khi lng u vo v nh gi cht lng ma nguyn liu trc khi sn xut v tnh gi tin cho nng dn

4. p maKhi ma b p mng t bo b rch v co li, ng thi nc ma chy ra. Sau khi ra khi my p, cc t bo n ra v c kh nng ht nc mnh. Phun nc vo lp b ha tan mt lng ng cn li trong t bo. Qua ln p sau nc ng pha long c ly ra v tip tc nh vy cho n khi ng c ly ra vi mc cao nht.5. Lm sch nc maTrung ha acid trong nc ma hn hp hn ch ng saccharose chuyn ha .Loi ti a cc cht khng ng ra khi nc ma hn hp c bit cc cht c hot tnh b mt v cht keo nng cao hiu sut thu hi ng.Loi b nhng cht rn dng l lng cc cht mu nng cao phm cht ng thnh phm.

6. LcLc nc bn loi i hon ton tp cht khng tan,thu hi phn ng c trong dch bn v loi bn.Tn thu b bn sn xut phn bn vi sinh.7. Ty muTy mu dung dch ng, kh cht mu thnh cht khng mu.Ngn nga s to mu bng cch bao vy nhm cacbonyl c kh nng to mu. Ngn nga nh hng khng tt ca oxi khng kh ngn nga s to thnh phc cht st v phn ng ngng t vi cht khng ng hu c khc.Trung ho lng vi d trong nc maLm gim nht ca mt ch c li cho khu nu ng, kt tinh v phn ly ( do cho SO2 vo lm thay i pH ngng kt mt s cht keo, gim nht).Bin mui Cacbonat thnh mui Sunfit mui ny c kh nng gim nht.

8. Nu ng - tr tinhTch nc t mt ch a dung dch n trng thi qu bo ha t lm xut hin nhng tinh th ng. cho tinh th ng c hon chnh hn v cho tinh th c kh nng tip tc hp th thnh phn ng cn trong mu dch, gim tn tht cn tip tc nu ng mt giai on b phn khc l tr tinh.9. Ly tm.Mc ch chnh ca ly tm l tch tinh th ng ra khi mt ci bng lc ly tm trong cc thng quay vi tc cao. i vi ng non A sau khi ly tm nhn c ng A, mt nu (mt nguyn A) v mt trng (mt long A).

10. Sy ngHm lng m gim, hm lng % ng (pol) s tng lm tng gi tr kinh t ca sn phm. trnh ng ct kt thnh cc, bin cht, ng thi lm cho mu sc ng thnh phm c bng sng v a nhit xung bng nhit mi trng v m ch cn 0.05% nhm m bo yu cu cht lng sn phm v an ton trong bo qun.

III. CC NGUN PHT THI

Trong qu trnh sn xut, nc thi c pht sinh rt nhiu trong nhiu khu v mc nhim bn ca cc loi nc thi ny cng khc nhau. Cc ngun pht sinh ch yu ca cc loi nc thi trong nh my ma ng ch yu t cc ngun sau:Khu p maNc thi pht sinh trong cng on nhp nguyn liu, bm, nh ti, p dp v ho tan: y, nc dng ngm v p ng trong ma nn nc thi c cha hm lng cht hu c cao do cha lng ng tht thot v dng nc lm mt trc nn nc thi b nhim du nht. i vi b ma ( chim 25-30% trng lng ma em p)Thnh phnT lNc49%X48% (khong 45 % xenlulose)ng kh2,5 % i vi mt r ( chim 3-5% trng lng ma em p).Thnh phnT lNc20 %Saccarose35 %ng kh20 %Protein5 %Tro15 %Sp1 %Bt4 % i vi bn lc: Ni chung nc thi t khu p ma c nng BOD v cc cht l lng cao.

Nc thi ra lc c lu lng nh nhng gi tr BOD v cht l lng cao. Nc r r v nc ra sn, thit b c hm lng BOD rt cao.

Nc thi ra lc, ra thit b v ra snNc lm mtThng nhim bn mt s cht hu c bay hi t nc ng un si trong ni nu hoc ni chn khng.

Khu l hiNc thi c x nh k, c hm lng cht rn l lng cao v gi tr BOD thp, nc thi mang tnh kim.

S liu thnh phn nc thi ma ng ( QCVN 2008)

STTCh tiun vGi trQC1PHMg/l7,5-85,5-92SSMg/l12501003B0D5Mg/l5000504C0DMg/l70001005NtMg/l16,4306PtMg/l7,56Ngoi ra Nc ma chy trn: Ton b lng nc chy trn trn b mt cun tri theo cc cht nhim chy v trm x l. Nc thi chia lm 3 loi: loi 1, loi 2, loi 3

Cc tr sNgun gc v tnh chtNc thi loi 1Nc thi pht sinh trong cng on lm trong v lm sch: Lm mt l hi v ngng t sau khi cp nhit cho cc thit b gia nhit, c c, nu ng. y l loi nc thi b nhim nhThng c tr s BOD thp (20-25 mg/l), SS = 30-50 mg/l, COD = 50-60 mg/l. Lu lng nc thi ny thng t 0,97-1,2 m3 / tn ma.

Nc thi chia lm 3 loi: loi 1, loi 2, loi 3

Cc tr sNgun gc v tnh chtNc thi loi 2Nc thi t cc ngun nc lm ngui my,thit b (nhim bn ngun nc), lm ngui ng (nhim bn ng)Gi tr BOD thng dao ng t 200-400 mg/l. Lu lng ca lng nc thi ny thng nh khong 0,25 m3 / tn ma.

Nc thi chia lm 3 loi: loi 1, loi 2, loi 3

Cc tr sNgun gc v tnh chtNc thi loi 3Nc thi t cc khu sinh hot ca cng nhn, nhn vin trong nh my, t khu vc nh v sinh, phng th nghim, v sinh phn xng v cc thit b khc. Nc thi pht sinh trong cng on kt tinh v hon tt: Nc thi do dng lm lnh cc trang thit b, my mc. Lng nc t l hi, r r ng ng, lc vit cc cng on sn xut. Nc thi ny c nhim rt cao,BOD = 1200-1700 mg/l, COD thng thng khong 2200 mg/l, pH y l dng bt chy hoc tan vo nc, c mu nu sm, v ng. Phn ln cc sn phm phn hy ca ng kh c phn t lng ln nn kh thm qua mng vi sinh => chuyn ha vi sinh phi phn r chng thnh nhiu mnh nh c th thm vo t bo. Qu trnh phn hy cc sn phm ng kh i hi thi gian phn hy di hn, nn s nh hng n qu trnh t lm sch trong ngun tip nhn. Cc cht l lng c trong nc thi cn c kh nng lng xung y ngun nc. Qu trnh phn hy k kh cc cht ny s lm cho nc c mu en v c mi H2S => gy nhim mi.

Tnh cht nc thi ma ng:S nhim mi trng nc t ngun nc thi ca nh my ng ang e da n sc khe v cuc sng ca nhiu h dn ang sinh sng cc khu vc nh my.

TON B NC THI CA NH MY U CHY TRN LAN TRN CC H THNG KNH MNG NH RI TRC TIP RA CC SNG LN LM NHIM NGHIM TRNG NGUN NC SNG CA C MT KHU VC SNG. PHN LN NGI DN S DNG NGUN NC S DNG NGUN NC T CC CON SNG PHC V MC CH SINH HOT.

Cn phi c cc bin php kim sot nc thi nh my ng. 2. Kh thi trong nh my sn xut ng:Cc ngun pht thi:Ngun pht sinh kh thi trong nh my ch bin ng: Cht thi kh l tn gi chung ca tt c cc loi cht thi pht tn trong khng kh nh bi, kh, hi, sng, khiCc cht gy nhim mi trng khng kh ca nh my ng khng ln.

Qu trnh vn chuyn nguyn liuThnh phn cc cht gy nhim trong kh thi ch yu l SO2, SO2, NO2, CO, cacbuahydro, aldehyde v bi.Ngun pht sinh:T cc phng tin vn chuyn. Cc loi phng tin vn chuyn nguyn liu vo nh my ch yu l xe my, xe ti vn chuyn nguyn liu sn xut. Nhin liu s dng ch yu l xng, du diezen, khi t khi chy s sinh ra khi thi cha cc cht gy nhim khng khTrong cc phn xng sn xut:

Ti khu vc cha nguyn liu: Trong qu trnh tho d, vn chuyn, bi, t v ct bm thn, r ma s b tch ra v pht tn trong khu vc ny. Tuy nhin s lng bi v kh thi pht sinh trong cng on ny l khng ln. y l loi bi khng gy nguy him cho cng nhn khu vc ny.Ti b phn x l c hc: Ti ni ma b ct cht, x ti sinh ra bi ging nh bi cha nguyn liu v s lng cng khng ng k.Ti b phn xng SO2 : H thng xng SO2 lm pht sinh SO2 vo mi trng. nu khng x l kh SO2 c th lm nhim mt khu vc c bn knh 600m nhim khng kh pht sinh t khu vc cha ph thi rn h thng x l nc thi, t khu vc tp trung rc hay khu nh v sinh.Khi l t cc l hi t b ma v t thanCc ngun pht thi khc:

Cc cht kh khng ngng t trong thit b bc hi dch ng, trong ng k l kh CO2. y l ngun thi t khu thu hi CO2 ca khi l t b maCc cht sinh ra trong qu trnh ln men ym kh trong nc thi, b ma, b bn nh CH4, NH3, kh hu c c mi gim v mc.Bi vi ti b phn ti viL rn trong phn xng c khBi ng trong khu vc sng v ng baoHi nc ti khu l hi, bc hi v nu

NH HNG CA KH THI TI SC KHE CON NGI V MI TRNG XUNG QUANHKh COx: (CO: cacbon monoxit; CO2: cacbon dioxit):Vi CO:Khi CO thm nhp vo c th ngi theo con ng h hp, chng s tc dng thun nghch vi oxy hemoglobin (HbO2) tch oxy ra khi mu v to thnh cacboxyhemoglobin, lm mt kh nng vn chuyn oxy ca mu v gy ngt: Triu chng ca con ngi khi b nhim bi CO thng b nhc u, tai, chng mt, bun nn, mt mi. Nu b lu s c triu chng au u dai dng, chng mt, mt mi, st cn. Nu b nng s b hn m, co git, mt xanh tm, chn tay mm nhn, ph phi cp.

5/19/201536Triu chng ca c th i vi CO

Ngun: gio trnh nhim khng kh v ting n- phng php gim st, TS.Nguyn Quc Bnh,2005.Vi CO2 : c li cho cy ci pht trin trong qu trnh quang hp nhng gy nn hiu ng nh knh lm nng bu kh quyn ca Tri t.

5/19/201537Nng CO( ppm)Triu chng50Nhim c nh100Nhim c va phi, chng mt250Nhim c nng, chng mt500Bun nn, nn, try1000Hn m10000Cht SO2l kh khng mu, c v hng cay, mi kh chu. SO2 trong khng kh c th bin thnh SO3 di nh sng Mt Tri khi c cht xc tc.Chng c sinh ra do qu trnh t chy nhin liu c cha lu hunh. Hm lng lu hunh thng xut hin nhiu trong than (0,2-0,7%) v du t (0,5-4%), nn trong qu trnh chy s to ra kh SO2: S + O2 SO2SO2 s kch thch ti c quan h hp ca ngi v ng vt, n c th gy ra chng tc ngc, au u, nu nng cao c th gy bnh tt v t vong.

5/19/201538Triu chng ca c th i vi SO2

Ngun: gio trnh nhim khng kh v ting n - phng php gim st, TS Nguyn Quc Bnh,2005.

5/19/201539Nng SO2 (mg/m3)Triu chng8-13Gii hn pht hin thy bng mi20-30Gi hn gy c tnh50Gii hn gy kch thch h hp, ho130-260Gii hn gy nguy him sau khi ht th 30-60 pht1000-1300Gii hn gy t vong nhanh 30-60 phtCc triu chng bnh l do NO2 gy ra

Kh NOX: (NO: nitric oxit ; NO2: nit dioxit).NOX thng xut hin nhiu trong giao thng v cng nghip.NO2: Oxit nitrogen c bit n nh l mt cht gy kch thch vim ty v c tc hi i vi h h hp.

Ngun: gio trnh nhim khng kh v x l kh thi, Trn Ngc Chn, 2000.

5/19/201540Nng NO2 (ppm)Thi gian tip xcTriu chng 50048 giCht ngi300-4002-10 ngyGy vim phi v cht150-2003-5 tunVim x cung phi50-1006-8 tunVim cung phi v mng phi3. Cht thi rn1. Cht thi rn sinh hotL cc cht thi sinh ra t nh n, t nh v sinh, t khu vc vn phng, t vn cy, bi c, v t cc hot ng sinh hot hng ngy ca cc nhn vin v cng nhn trong Cng ty. Thnh phn ch yu l giy, hp cm, bao b nilong, thc n d tha, l cy, cnh kh. nh hng ca cht thi rn sinh hot:Rc sinh hot c thnh phn cht hu c cao, l mi trng sng thun li cho cc loi sinh vt gy bnh, nh: rui, mui, gin, chut, ch, mo Qua cc trung gian truyn nhim, bnh c th pht trin mnh thnh dch. Rc sinh hot gy nh hng trc tip n sc khe cng nhn v gy nhim mi trngTon b cht thi sinh hot c thu gom hng ngy a v ni tp trung rc ca cng ty sau c a i x l

Cht thi rn2. Cht thi rn nguy hi cc loi pin, c quy c s dng, bng n, bao b ng du, bao b ng ha cht x l trog cc cng on, can ng, thng ng cc ha cht nguy hinh hng ca cht thi rn nguy hi: mc d c khi lng pht sinh rt t nhng khi pht sinh c th gy nhng tc ng ln trc tip sc khe cng nhn. Nu khng thc hin tt cng tc thu gom v lu tr cht thi, cc thnh phn cht thi s phn hy gy mi kh chu, pht sinh nhiu vi khun gy bnh cho cng nhn trn cng trng cng nh cc loi sinh vt sng trong khu vc.Ton b cht thi rn nguy hi c thu gom v x l theo thng t 12/2011/TT-BNTMT v qun l cht thi nguy hi

Cng on p ma.Cht thi rn l b ma. B ma chim 25-30 % khi lng ma em p. Thnh phn trong b ma bao gm 40-50% nc, 40-48% cht x( trong c 45-55% l cenlulose) 2,5% cht ha tan, cn li l cc cht khc.B ma c th dng sn xut bt giy, lm vn p, tm trn, ln men thc n gia sc, lm phn bnTrong nh my ng c s dng lm cht t cung cp in cho l hi, phc v qu trnh c c v nu ng.- B ma nu khng s dng c th em i t, tro to thnh c th bn cho cng ty sn xut phn bn. => B ma c s dng lm nhin liu cho cng on khc nn t gy nh hng ti mi trng

Cht thi rnCht thi rnCng on lng trong v cng on lc Cht rn l bn v cn l lng. Nhng cht ny c thu vo b cha bn. Ty theo phng php sn xut ng m trong bn lc c cha nhiu cacbonat Canxi hoc Sunfat Canxi, cc cht h c th keo, cht sp v khong. ng ch nht l NPK ca bn lc c t 0,521,65% . Bn lc l i tng chnh sn xut phn bn nn trong cng on ny t thi bn ra ngoi mi trng, do t nh hng ti mi trng

Cht thi rn cng on ly tmCng on ly tm th cht thi rn l r ng. R ng l sn phm ph ca sn xut ng. Lng mt thng chim 5% lng ma p.Thnh phn ha hc trong r ng bao gm nc l 26%, ng 51%, cht kh 3%, hp cht nito 4,5%, axit hu c 5,6%, tro 10,6%, cht mu 0,5%Tc ng n moi trng: mt r nu khng c s dng m thi ra ngoi mi trng th s l mi truongf thun li cho cc vi sinh vt pht trin, ln men, gy ra mi hi thi v c th to ra cc bnh dch, nh hng n sc khe con ngiMt r c s dng sn xut cn, sn xut m chnh, nm men nn t nh hng n mi trng

Cht thi rnNgoi ra th trong nh my ng cn c l hi cung cp hi nc v nhit cho cc cng on nh c c, syl hi s dng b ma t ly nhit nn cht thi rn trong l hi l tro. Lng tro ny chim 1,2% lng bn ma. Thnh phn chnh ca tro l SiO2 chim 71-72%. Ngoi ra cn c Fe2O3, Al2O3, K2O, Na2O, P2O5, CaO, MnOcng vi bn tro sn xut phn hu c

IV. CNG C QUN L MI TRNG

Cng c ch huy kim sotChnh sch v chin lc:Thc hin nh gi SXSH ton b dy chuyn sn xut ng, gii php kim sot cht lng ma u vo cht ch mang li nhng li ch kinh t rt ln cho nh my , ng thi qua gim tiu th nc, ha cht v gim cc tc ng tiu cc n sc khe ngi lao ng v mi trng xung quanh. S v tai nn lao ng gim, % s ngy cng nhn ngh m gim r rt.

Nh my cng thit lp mt chnh sch mi trng trong quy nh nghim chnh chp hnh lut Bo v mi trng v cc quy nh ca php lut, m bo s pht trin bn vng v gim thiu cc ngun pht sinh cht thiMt h thng mu v th tc php l cng c xy dng v p dng cho vic thu thp s liu mi trng K hoch gim st mi trng c trin khai. Mc tiu l quan trc nhng ci tin ng k t vic p dng cc gii php SXSH hoc iu chnh ngay nu kt qu cho thy mt vi li ch mi trng b gim. H thng gim st mi trng bao gm gim st cht lng khng kh v nc thi.

2. Lut php, quy nh v tiu chun mi trng:

Da vo c tnh ca nc thi v yu cu mc x l t ra : nc thi phi t tiu chun x thi loi B (TCVN 5945 1995) trong d quy nh gii hn x thi nh sau:

III. Cng c qun l1. Cng c ch huy kim sotb. Nhm tha thun tnh nguyn b.1. H thng qun l mi trng Hin nay tt c cc nh my sn xut thc phm u p dng 1 h thng qun l mi trng. h thng qun l mi trng l mt phn trong h thng qun l ca mt t chc c s dng trin khai v p dng chnh sch mi trng v qun l cc kha cnh mi trng ca t chc H thng qun l mi trng c xy dng trn c s cc yu cu ca tiu chun ISO 14001. Hot ng ca qun l mi trng da trn m hnh PDCA- hoch nh, thc hin, kim tra, hnh ng. C th:Hoch nh: xc nh cc kha cnh mi trng, thit lp mc ch v ch tiu mi trng.

Thc hin: tin hnh o to v kim sot vn hnh.Kim tra: kim tra v tin hnh cc hnh ng khc phcHnh ng: trin khai cc chng trnh mi trng, thc hin vic xem xt, v ci tin lin tc

M hnh:

Cc tiu chun thuc b tiu chun 14000

Khi thc hin qun l mi trng th mang li nhng li ch: Bn ngoi+ C c nim tin ca khch hng v bn quan tm i vi s pht trin mnh m ca t chc.Nng cao hnh nh v uy tn ca t chc i vi khch hng, i tc v cng ng.+ C li th thm nhp th trng+ To mi quan h tt vi cc t chc bo v mi trng v cc c quan qun l nh nc+ p ng yu cu s dng cc sn phm thn thin mi trng+ p ng cc yu cu hp ng quc t. Bn trong+ Tng cng hiu qu qun l thng qua ci tin lin tc.+ Tit kim ti nguyn (vt liu, nhin liu, nng lng)+ Gim cht thi, chi ph+ Gim ri ro trong cc hot ng ca t chc.+ C c nim tin v s pht trin mnh m ca t chc.+ Nhn vin lm vic trong mi trng an ton.+ Gp phn tng nng sut v hiu qu kinh doanh.+ To iu kin thun li cho cc hot ng kinh doanh lin quan n sinh thi.

b.2. Danh sch xanh, danh sch en Danh sch en l danh sch cc doanh nghip ang gy nhim mi trng v ngc li danh sch xanh l cc doanh nghip hot ng hiu qu trong cng tc bo v mi trng c u t p dng cc h thng x l cht thi v hot ng sn xut thn thin vi mi trng. Danh sch ny tc ng rt ln n uy tn ca doanh nghip i vi doanh nghip v cng ng xung quanh, chnh v th hiu qu tc dng s rt ln khi m cng khai ha thng tin- Vit Nam danh sch xanh v en thng do S Ti Nguyn Mi Trng ra, tuy nhin danh sch ny khng c thng bo rng ri nn tc dng ca chng cha hiu qu.

+ Nh my ng nhit in Gia Lai cng tng b pht 177 triu ng v hnh vi khng m bo cc quy nh x l cht thi gy nhim mi trng (Qua kim tra ca c quan chc nng pht hin ti n v ny vi phm vic a cng trnh vo s dng khi cha c c quan c thm quyn kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin cc ni dung bo v mi trng, khng thc hin k khai chng t cht thi theo quy nh, khng c vn bn bo co c quan chc nng v tnh hnh pht sinh v qun l cht thi nguy hi theo quy nh...). Tuy nhin hin nay th nhng vn ny nn khng nm trong danh sch en, nhng cng khng nm trong danh sch xanh.

NHN SINH THI:Nhn sinh thi l mt danh hiu ca nh nc cp cho cc sn phm khng gy nhim mi trng trong qu trnh sn xut ra sn phm hoc qu trnh s dng cc sn phm .

Logo c chn lm biu trng cho nhn sinh thi Vit Nam. (nh: Tng Cc Mi trng)

NHN SINH THI:c dn nhn sinh thi l mt s khng nh uy tn ca sn phm v ca nh sn xut. V th cc sn phm thng c nhn sinh thi th c sc cnh tranh cao v gi bn ra th trng cng cao hn. Tuy nhin, trong ngnh ma ng hin nay cc nh sn xut vn cha c u t sn phm ca mnh c cng nhn l sn phm xanh. Cc sn phm ma ng vn cha c nhn sinh thi.

CNG KHAI HA THNG TIN:Hin trng cht lng mi trng, thng tin v quy hoch mi trng v tc ng mi trng cn c thng bo rng ri trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng m bo quyn li, an ton sc khe ca cng ng, ng thi nng cao nhn thc bo v mi trng ca cng ng.

CNG KHAI HA THNG TIN:Cng c ny rt c ngha, do cha bit c hiu qu v cha thy sc nh hng ln ca n i vi mi trng cng nh do sc p ca cc c quan qun l nn khng tin cng khai ha thng tin v vy Vit Nam thc hin cha tt.

=> Nh vy, trong ngnh sn xut ma ng nc ta hin nay cng c ny cng cha c thc hin tt.

TY CHAY:Ty chay nh l khng bit g n, khng mua, khng dng, khng tham gia, khng c quan h, t thi phn i.y l mt cng c hu hiu, nhng ch hu hiu cc nc c thc bo v mi trng cao.=> Trong ngnh sn xut ma ng nc ta hin nay vn cha c mt doanh nghip, mt c s sn xut ra sn phm ma ng no b ty chay.

CNG C KINH TL ph nhim:- i vi nc thi: N 25/2013/N-CP v ph bo v mi trng i vi nc thi.N 25_ 2013_NCP.pdfi vi cht thi rn: N 174/2007/N-CP v ph bo v mi trng i vi cht thi rn.174-2007-ND-CP.doc

cng c khuyn khch cng ch thc thiL cng c kinh t gn vi s iu hnh trc tip. c thit k khuyn khch nhng ngi x thi lm ng cc tiu chun v quy nh v mi trng. Bao gm ph hoc tin pht do lm khng ng, cam kt thc hin tt v quy trch nhim php lCam kt thc hin tt l khon tin phi tr cho cc c quan iu hnh trc khi tin hnh mt hnh ng c tim nng gy nhim. khon tin ny s c tr li khi biu hin mi trng ca hot ng ny l c th chp nhn cCc khuyn khch cng ch thc thi ny c quy nh trong ngh nh 179/2013/N-CP- ngh nh quy nh v x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng. Ngh nh ny quy nh:

cng c khuyn khch cng ch thc thiCc hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng, hnh thc x pht, mc pht, thm quyn lp bin bn vi phm hnh chnh, thm quyn x pht vi phm hnh chnh v cc bin php khc phc hu qu;b) Thm quyn, trnh t, th tc p dng hnh thc x l buc di di, cm hot ng i vi c s sn xut, kinh doanh, dch v (sau y gi chung l c s) gy nhim mi trng nghim trng;c) Cng b cng khai thng tin v vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng ca c s v khu kinh t, khu cng nghip, khu ch xut, khu cng ngh cao, cm cng nghip tp trung (sau y gi chung l khu sn xut, kinh doanh, dch v tp trung);d) Cc bin php cng ch, thm quyn, th tc p dng cc bin php cng ch thi hnh quyt nh nh ch hot ng; quyt nh buc di di, cm hot ng i vi c s gy nhim mi trng nghim trng