China’s Role in the Course of North Korea’s Transition

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  • 8/3/2019 Chinas Role in the Course of North Koreas Transition

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    @gkdep Qhno kd }go @huqpo hjDhq}g Ihqoep ]qedpk}khd

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    }go MRQI jqhc k}p }h}en jeknqo kd }go oeqn{ roqkhm hj }go Ihqoed Veq }gqhfge cknnkhd#p}qhdf jkfg}kdf jhq`o. k}p pro`ken p}e}p kd cekd}ekdkdf e uepk ennk#ed`o 'mop`qkaom ep aokdf ep `nhpo ep nkrp edm }oo}g+ vk}g }go Dhq}g pkd`o

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    00: E Dov Kd}oqde}khden Odfefocod} Jqecovhqi jhq Dhq}g Ihqoe8

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    joonkdfp }hveqm oe`g h}goq mqkdf }go ckm#5;;2p< }go{ `hnm ao `hcreqomvk}g e ceqqkom `hrno vk}g ced{ fqkozed`op hq mkp}qp} vgh p}knn nkzo }h#fo}goq dmoq }go peco qhhj a} kd mkjjoqod} qhhcp$ ]go{ idhv `noeqn{ }ge} emkzhq`o vhnm aqkdf chqo geqc }ged fhhm }h ah}g hj }goc$

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    kdpjjk`kod} odoqf{ edm jhhm prrn{ edm rhhqn{ roqjhqckdf o`hdhc{. Dhq}gIhqoe `hdp}ed}n{ morodmp jhq pqzkzen hd @gkdep edm h}goq `hd}qkop eppkp#}ed`o. en}ghfg }gkp morodmod`o gep aood qom`om kd ah}g eaphn}o edm qone#

    }kzo }oqcp 'Cedphqhz 1220+$ Ep nhdf ep R{hdf{edfp mkrnhce}k`. o`hdhck`.edm po`qk}{ cedozoqkdf qhhc kp nkck}om hq k}p p}qe}ofk` edm rhnk}k`en odzk#qhdcod} gep dh} aood fqoe}n{ }qdom kd k}p jezhq. k} cp} qofeqm Aoklkdf ep k}p

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    5 E``hqmkdf }h phco qorhq}p. Ikc Lhdf#kn rneddom }h zkpk} @gkde e} }go odm hj Mo`ocaoq kd 1221a}. ao`epo hj }go d`noeq `qkpkp. @gkde mo`nkdom gkp zkpk}$ Aoklkdf mkmd} hjjk`kenn{ emck} }h p`g eqouop}. no} enhdo }go `ed`onne}khd9 e} e qofneq rqopp hdjoqod`o e} @gkdep Ckdkp}q{ hj Jhqokfd Ejjekqphd 50 Mo`ocaoq 1221. prhioproqphd Nk Lked`geh modkom e qorhq} }ge} Ikc Lhdf#kn vhnm zkpk} @gkde$

    Hapoqzoqp aonkozom. ghvozoq. }ge} Ikc Lhdf#kn vhnm epi jhq p`g e zkpk} ao`epo go gem rqekpomgkfgn{ }go @gkdopo o`hdhck` qojhqc edm ved}om }h noeqd chqo eah} k}9 }go d`noeq `qkpkp enphvhnm rpg gkc }h pooi prrhq} hj @gkdopo noemoqp$

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    007 E Dov Kd}oqde}khden Odfefocod} Jqecovhqi jhq Dhq}g Ihqoe8

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    pen jqhc 1221 d}kn }hme{$ A} }ghpo jhqcen zkpk}p enph qojno`}om e ikdm hjm{deck` `gedfo kd }go qone}khdpgkr ao}vood Aoklkdf edm R{hdf{edf$ ]go{

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    p}qodf}godkdf `hhroqe}khd$ ]gopo rqkd`krnop eqo dh} dov kd jhqce}. a} }goqokd}oqrqo}e}khd kcrnkop phco dov mkqo`}khdp