China's Location in the World

 

 

        1 kilometer = 0.621371192 miles

     World's Fourth Largest Economy

* Largest human urbanization in history - poverty has dropped     from 60% in 1990 to 16% in 2007

• During world financial crises, China State Council announces in 2008 a  $ 586 M stimulus package (7% of nation GDP) to build new airports, subways, low income  and rail systems  *  Their "Tiger" Secret    - Private domestic investment combined with rapidly growing      human capital

*   Beware: China holds over $1 TRILLION in U.S. debt

                  China's Energy

* In 2009, China's total electricity output -  3.71465 trillion kwh

* Annual consumption - Second largest in the world                                      -  3.6430 trillion kwh

* Goal for Nationwide Grid between 2015 and 2020                                   

        Natural Energy Resources

 *   Top coal producer - third in the world coal reserve                                  - produces 2.38 billion tons                                  - consumes 2.37 billion tons                                  *   Major crude oil producer with 3 state-owned oil companies                                - 1.3 billion barrels per year            - demand forces China to import 47% of its consumption

  * Biomass - in 2006 16 million tons of corn used for ethanol                            - banned expansion of industry in 2007  * Geothermal – widely abundant throughout 2700 hot springs over 77 F - 7 plants operating at 32 MW             

Natural Energy Source News from Shanghai Daily

• China may have 920 trillion cubic feet of potential shale-gas resources

• 5 year plan to triple the use of natural gas to 10% by 2020 (to be enabled by shale-gas resource)

• China state-owned energy companies spent $6 billion US on North American shale-gas assets in the last 3 months

• Natural Gas Production- 2,929 B cu. ft.• consumption- 3,075 B cu. Ft.

70% of China's electricity is produced                       by coal-fired stations 

   Coal Chart

 

Three Gorges Dam  18,200 MW

The Largest Consumer of Solar Energy

            30 million households with installed solar heaters

            Yunnan Province "Aspiring Solar City" 1/2 of 5M use solar                                    water heaters

               China's Wind Energy

                 *   In 2008 Wind Capacity  12.2 GW

                 *   By 2009 Wind Capacity has passed 25 GW

                 *   Ranks 4th in the World

1.9 % of total electric output

              China's Nuclear Power

           China's Energy Policy

*  In January 2010 - State Council implemented                                National Energy Commission

*  Golden Sun Program - subsidies, technical support, incentives

*  Chinese Ministry released statement for subsidies in 2009 of    $2.93 per solar watt

*  Pledges to use 15% renewables for energy demand by 2019

*  Renewable Energy Law 2005 - priortized renewable energy     development and usage

*  Policy for regulation of Hydroelectric dams

               Policy Continued*   National Standard of Solar Water Heaters

*   General policies       - to standardize renewable products       - to prevent environmental damage       - regulate price of green energy

*  NREL (National Research Energy Lab) - Renewable Energy     Promotion Law        - reduction of air pollution        - safeguard human health and environment        - provide off-grid to rural areas        - contribute to mitigating climate change        - research and development and marketing

*  China invested $34.6 billion in clean energy - 2009

Policy Continued

• In 2009, China reached 7,706.83 million metric tons of CO2 emissions

• China increased its reduction target for emissions under the 12th Five Year Plan to reduce emission per GDP by 18% over the next five years