WEL COME

CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF

CHILLI

NAME :- TOKARE ANKUSH LAHANU

REG NO :- AMPU 100744

COLLEGE :- GOVINDRAOJI NIKAM COLLEGE

OF AGRICULTURE .

MODULE NAME :- VEGETABLE PRODUCTION

SUBJECT :- CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF

CHILLI.

Contents

INTRODUCTION

The chilli is a fruit of plants belongs to the family of “ Solanaceae” & genus of “Capsicum”.

The chilli is also being termed as “ChilliPepper” in many parts of world.

Chilli is one of the most valuable crops of India.

The crop is grown largely for its fruits all over the India.

It is used in India as a principle ingredient of various curries, and chutneys.

Chillies can also be grown successfully in Hydroponic system.

Botanical Name -

Capsicum Annum L.

(Fruits are long or small, but pungency is

high.)

Capsicum frutescence L.

(Large and inflated variety with very little

pungency.)

Family -

Solanaceous

Climate and Soil

Climate :-

The chili is a plant of tropical and sub -tropical region

-It grows well in warm and humid climate and a

temperature of 200 C to 250C.

Chilli requires a warm and humid climate for its best

growth and dry weather during the maturation of

fruits.

As a rained crop, it is grown in areas receiving an

annual precipitation of 25-30 inches.

Climate and Soil

Soil:-

Chilli can be grown in all type of soft but the sandy -

loam, clay loam and loam soil

Acidic soils are not suitable for chili cultivation.

The land is prepared by giving 2-3 ploughings and

clod crushing after each ploughing.

Compost or FYM @ 150-200 quintals should be

spread and mixed well in the soil at least 15-20 days

before sowing.

Seed treatment

Seed should not be treated with any

chemical fungicides or pesticides in chilli

farming

trichoderma & psuedomonas sp @ 10g/

kg

Nursery raising chilli

Fresh chilli seeds are sown in well prepared

nursery beds.

Although in can be sown by broadcast method

in the main field.

Transplanting method is preferred for better

quality to survival.

Seed germination time is 5 to 7 days.

40-5 days old seedlings are transplanted the

actual field

Nursery raised chilli plants

Sowing Time and Seed Rate

In case of chilli crop, for kharif it sown in May

- June and for summer crop, it is sown in the

month of January.

1/2 kg seed is required for 1 hectare area.

Layout & Spacing

• Ridges and furrow type of layout is used.

• Seedlings are raised on raised bed.

• Spacing for rained crops is 60 x 45 cm & for

irrigated crops is 60 x 60 cm.

Manures & Fertilizers

9 to 10 tones / hectare of FYM or compost is

applied at the time of field preparation.

In chilli for rained crop 50 kg N and 25 kg P

should be applied 1/2 dose of N full dose of P

applied at the time of transplanting.

Remaining Yi dose of N applied 30 days after

transplanting.

irrigated crop 100 kg N, 50kg P & 50 kg K should

be applied per hectare.

Fertilizers are applied in four equal doses.

Insect Pest 1) Chilli Thrips

2) Pod Borer

3) Aphids

Diseases

1) Damping Off

2) Bacterial Leaf Spot

3) Anthracnose

4) Leaf Curl

Improved Varieties

Kankan Kirti - It yields 12-14 tones per hectare of

green chilli (BSKKV, Dapoli)

Agnirekha - (MPKV, Rahuri)

Musahvadi - 1987 at the national level. village

Musahvadi, Dist. Ahmednagar (M.S.)

Phule Jyoti - It is released in 1995 for kharif season

(MPKV, Rahuri)

Pbiile Sai - It retains the colour in storage for 6-7

months (MPKV, Rahuri)

Irrigation

Chilli is grown both as rain fed and irrigated

crop.

First irrigation is given after the transplanting

and subsequent irrigations are given 5-7

days.

Every 10 to 15 days in winter.

The maintenance of uniform soil moisture is

essential to prevent blossom & fruit drops.

Flowers and /or flower bud abscission was

increased under short day (day length 12

hours) and high temperature 28 °C.

Interculture Operations

2-3 shallow hoeing should be given to the

soil to kill the weeds

provide soil mulch during early stages of

growth- Application of weedicides for

controlling the weeds

Lasso @ 1.5 litre per hectare with one

hand weeding or Tok-E 25@ 2 litres per

hectare with one hand weeding were

effective in controlling the weeds.

Harvesting and Yield

Harvesting

Chillies which are used for vegetable purposes are generally harvested while they are still green but full grown.

Chilli is highly perishable in nature, it requires more attention during harvest, should be done at the right stage of maturity.

Post harvesting Tasks :-

this can be done in 3 phases

1) Draying 2) Grading 3) Packing & Storage.

Green chilli

Fully riped chilli

Yield

The yield varies according to the system

of cultivation the yield of dry chillies of

rain fed crop is 200 – 400kg & irrigated

crop

The proportion of dry to fresh japed

chillies varies from 25- to 40 %.

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