CHILDHOOD OBESITY: Working Together to Reverse the Epidemic Dwayne Proctor, PhD, MA Robert Wood...
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CHILDHOOD OBESITY: Working Together to Reverse the Epidemic Dwayne Proctor, PhD, MA Robert Wood Johnson Foundation March 31, 2007
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Transcript of CHILDHOOD OBESITY: Working Together to Reverse the Epidemic Dwayne Proctor, PhD, MA Robert Wood...
CHILDHOOD OBESITY: Working Together to Reverse the Epidemic
Dwayne Proctor, PhD, MARobert Wood Johnson Foundation
March 31, 2007
CHILDHOOD OBESITY
• Over the past four decades, obesity rates have more than quadrupled for children ages 6 to 11.
• One-third of our children and adolescents are overweight or obese.
• U.S. adolescents are the most obese in the world.
• An obese adolescent has up to an 80% chance of being overweight or obese as an adult.
A GROWING PROBLEM
%
O
B
E
S
E
Sources: NHES; NHANES
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1970 1974 1980 1994 2004
2-5 Year Olds
6-11 Year Olds
12-19 Year Olds
A GROWING PROBLEM
%
O
B
E
S
E
Sources: NHES; NHANES
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1970 1974 1980 1994 2004
2-5 Year Olds
6-11 Year Olds
12-19 Year Olds
A GROWING PROBLEM
%
O
B
E
S
E
Sources: NHES; NHANES
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1970 1974 1980 1994 2004
2-5 Year Olds
6-11 Year Olds
12-19 Year Olds
A GROWING PROBLEM
%
O
B
E
S
E
Sources: NHES; NHANES
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1970 1974 1980 1994 2004
2-5 Year Olds
6-11 Year Olds
12-19 Year Olds
THE COSTS
• Obese kids are developing disorders that used to be considered“adult” illnesses.
• They’re at risk for developing heart disease, stroke, asthma, osteoporosis and other serious health problems.
• The direct and indirect health costs associated with obesity in the U.S. are estimated at $117 billion annually.
TO SCHOOL: THEN & NOW
Source: U.S. DOT, Personal Transportation Surveys
Source: Nielsen & Poplin, JAMA, 2003
PORTION SIZES: THEN & NOW
SCREEN TIME: THEN & NOW
Today, kids spend more than five hours each day in front of a screen.
Source: Kaiser Family Foundation, 2005
THOSE LIVING IN POVERTY ARE HARDEST HIT
Families living in lower income communities or African American and Latino families living in lower income communities
• 15 percent of all households with children are food insecure and > 50% these families can’t afford to feed their kids well-balanced meals.
• Between 1971 and 2004, the rate of overweight among 16-year-olds from families living just above the poverty level surged 233 percent.
• More than 40% of African-American teenagers are overweight or at risk of becoming overweight – 24% are obese.
• African-American and Hispanic women are at higher risk for obesity than white women.
• Mexican-American men have higher obesity rates than white and black men.
THE IMPACT
A LIFETIME OF DISEASE AND DISABILITY
• Hispanic boys have highest lifetime risk of diabetes (52.5 percent).
• Non-Hispanic black boys are at risk too (lifetime risk = 49 percent).
• Non-Hispanic white males have lower lifetime risk (31.2 percent).
• Hispanic girls have the highest lifetime risk of diabetes (45.4 percent).
• Non-Hispanic black girls are at risk too (lifetime risk = 40.2 percent).
• Non-Hispanic whites have lower lifetime risk (26.7 percent).
WHY?
• Access and affordability are two big obstacles for lower-income families—they often don’t have the opportunity to make healthy choices.
• Their children have less access to healthy foods and fewer safe places
to play and exercise.
• They don’t have grocery stores that stock affordable and appealing fresh foods.
• They have fewer recreational programs, sports areas, parks, green spaces, and bike paths than wealthier neighborhoods.
PREVENTION
• We need to empower our communities, our children, and our
families to live well.
• We can do that by investing in their health.
• We need to shift the balance to prevention when it comes to investing our resources and health dollars.
• We need to act now to change the environments in which our children live, learn and play -- in ways that will increase opportunities for physical activity and foster healthier eating.
PREVENTION MODEL
INCREASED LOCAL AND STATE POLICY CHANGES
INCREASED LOCAL AND STATE POLICY CHANGES
PREVENTION MODEL
INCREASED ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES IN COMMUNITIES AND SCHOOLS
INCREASED ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES IN COMMUNITIES AND SCHOOLS
INCREASED LOCAL AND SATE POLICY CHANGES
INCREASED LOCAL AND SATE POLICY CHANGES
PREVENTION MODEL
INCREASED ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES IN COMMUNITIESAND SCHOOLS
INCREASED ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES IN COMMUNITIESAND SCHOOLS
INCREASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITYAMONG
CHILDREN
INCREASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITYAMONG
CHILDREN
IMPROVED NUTRITION
AND APPROPRIATE
CALORIC INTAKE AMONG
CHILDREN
IMPROVED NUTRITION
AND APPROPRIATE
CALORIC INTAKE AMONG
CHILDREN
INCREASED LOCAL AND STATEPOLICY CHANGES
INCREASED LOCAL AND STATEPOLICY CHANGES
By 2010
PREVENTION MODEL
INCREASED ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES IN COMMUNITIESAND SCHOOLS
INCREASED ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES IN COMMUNITIESAND SCHOOLS
INCREASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITYAMONG
CHILDREN
INCREASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITYAMONG
CHILDREN
IMPROVED NUTRITION
AND APPROPRIATE
CALORIC INTAKE AMONG
CHILDREN
IMPROVED NUTRITION
AND APPROPRIATE
CALORIC INTAKE AMONG
CHILDREN
BY 2012, FEWER
CHILDREN ATRISK OF
OVERWEIGHT
BY 2012, FEWER
CHILDREN ATRISK OF
OVERWEIGHT
REVERSE THE TRENDS IN CHILDHOOD
OBESITY BY 2015
REVERSE THE TRENDS IN CHILDHOOD
OBESITY BY 2015
INCREASED LOCAL AND STATEPOLICY CHANGES
INCREASED LOCAL AND STATEPOLICY CHANGES
HEALTHY SCHOOLS
HEALTHY SCHOOLS
Saturday, October 7, 2006
Wednesday, May 3, 2006
WHAT WE CAN DO
• Create incentives to bring supermarkets, farmers’ markets and fresh, wholesome foods into lower-income communities.
• Promote efforts to develop local, sustainable food systems.
• Promote smart growth and active living.
MOVING FORWARD
In the end, to reverse the epidemic, we simply need more—
• More attention focused on the problem.
• More investment from the public and private sectors and from philanthropy.
• More focus on the policy and environmental factors that contribute to unhealthy food consumption and a lack of physical activity.
