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Transcript of Child discipline Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys- MICS3 Analysis and Report Writing Workshop...
Child discipline
Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys- MICS3Analysis and Report Writing Workshop
Panama City, July 12-20, 2006
Rationale
• Aims to measure prevalence of violence at home against children
• Very small empirical evidence and analysis to develop policies, programs and interventions
• Uses as framework the CRC and the protective environment framework approach
• Uses a conflict tactic scale by which parents or adults in general teach children the right behaviour or address a behaviour problem
• MICS3 selected 11 of these tactics to estimate prevalence of violence among children 2-14 years old
Indicators
1. Percentage of children 2-14 years of age with physical and psychological discipline during the month before the survey
2. Percentage of parents/caretakers of children, 2-14 years of age, that believe that in order to bring up (raise, educate) their children properly, they need to physically punish them
Goals World Fit for Children (WFFC)Protecting children against abuse, exploitation and violence and under general protection to
– Encourage all countries to adopt and enforce laws, and improve the implementation of policies and programmes to protect children from all forms of violence, neglect, abuse and exploitation, whether at home, in school or other institutions, in the workplace or in their community
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)The MD declaration calls for the protection of children against abuse, exploitation and violence but no goal, target or indicator is included
Why to measure child discipline?
Reasons:
• Identify the prevalence of discipline methods that are violent in nature and against the integrity of children as well as their characteristics• Evaluate impact of programs and interventions based on trends
Data sources/methods
• Population census• Household surveys
Which is the approach in MICS3?
• Estimation of indicator based on household survey data• Present obtained results by background variables to localize the problem• Promote the design and implementation of further analysis of the main determinants of this practice to help the design of policies and the development of programs and interventions
Violence from discipline(1)
Numerator:Number of children aged 2-14 years that experience,
(1) psychological aggression as punishment, or (2) experience minor physical punishment, or (3) experience severe physical punishment
Denominator: All children 2-14 years of age
Violence from discipline(2)
Numerator:Number of parents/caretakers of children, 2-14 years of
age, that believe that in order to bring up (raise, educate) their children properly, they need to physically punish them
Denominator: Number of parents/caretakers of children, 2-14 years of age
TABLE 1: CHILDREN AGED 2-14 YEARS ELIGIBLE FOR CHILD DISCIPLINE QUES TIONS
Review the household listing and list each of the children aged 2-14 years below in order according to their line number (HL1). Do not include other household members outside of the age range 2-14 years. Record the line number, name, sex, age, and the line number of the mother or caretaker for each child. Then record the total number of children aged 2-14 in the box provided (CD7).
CD1. Rank no.
CD2. Line
no. from HL1.
CD3. Name from HL2.
CD4. Sex from
HL4.
CD5. Age from
HL5.
CD6. Line no. of mother/ caretaker from HL7
or HL8. LINE LINE NAME M F AGE MOTHER
01 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
02 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
03 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
04 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
05 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
06 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
07 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
08 __ __ 1 2 ___ ___ ___ ___
CD7.
TOTAL CHILDREN AGED 2-14 YEARS ___ ___
If there is only one child age 2-14 years in the household, then skip table 2 and go to CD11 to administer child discipline questions for that child.
TABLE 2: S ELECTION OF RANDOM CHILD FOR CHILD DISCIPLINE QUES TIONS
Use this table to select one child between the ages of 2 and 14 years, if there is more than one child in that age range in the household. Look for the last digit of the household number from the cover page. This is the number of the row you should go to in the table below. Check the total number of eligible children (2-14) in CD7 above. This is the number of the column you should go to. Find the box where the row and the column meet and circle the number that appears in the box. This is the rank number of the child about whom the questions will be asked. Record the rank number in CD9 below. Finally, record the line number and name of the selected child in CD11 on the next page. Then, find the mother or primary caretaker of that child, and ask the questions, beginning with CD12.
CD8. TOTAL NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE CHILDREN IN THE HOUSEHOLD
Last digit of the questionnaire number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8+
0 1 2 2 4 3 6 5 4 1 1 1 3 1 4 1 6 5 2 1 2 1 2 5 2 7 6 3 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 7 4 1 2 3 4 2 4 2 8 5 1 1 1 1 3 5 3 1 6 1 2 2 2 4 6 4 2 7 1 1 3 3 5 1 5 3 8 1 2 1 4 1 2 6 4 9 1 1 2 1 2 3 7 5
CD9. Record the rank number of the
selected child from table 2 above Rank number of child ............__ __
CHILD DISCIPLINE MODULE CD CD11. Write name and line no. of the child selected for the module from CD3 and CD2, based on the rank number in CD9.
Name _______________________
CD12. ALL ADULTS USE CERTAIN WAYS TO TEACH CHILDREN THE RIGHT
BEHAVIOUR OR TO ADDRESS A BEHAVIOUR PROBLEM. I WILL READ VARIOUS METHODS THAT ARE USED AND I WANT YOU TO TELL ME IF YOU OR ANYONE ELSE IN YOUR HOUSEHOLD HAS USED THIS METHOD WITH (name) IN THE PAST
MONTH.
CD12A. TOOK AWAY PRIVILEGES, FORBADE SOMETHING (name) LIKED OR DID
NOT ALLOW HIM/HER TO LEAVE HOUSE). Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12B. EXPLAINED WHY SOMETHING (THE BEHAVIOR) WAS WRONG. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12C. SHOOK HIM/HER. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12D. SHOUTED, YELLED AT OR SCREAMED AT HIM/HER. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12E. GAVE HIM/HER SOMETHING ELSE TO DO. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12F. SPANKED, HIT OR SLAPPED HIM/HER ON THE BOTTOM WITH BARE HAND. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12G. HIT HIM/HER ON THE BOTTOM OR ELSEWHERE ON THE BODY WITH SOMETHING LIKE A BELT, HAIRBRUSH, STICK OR OTHER HARD OBJECT.
Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12H. CALLED HIM/HER DUMB, LAZY, OR ANOTHER NAME LIKE THAT. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12I. HIT OR SLAPPED HIM/HER ON THE FACE, HEAD OR EARS. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12J. HIT OR SLAPPED HIM/HER ON THE HAND, ARM, OR LEG. Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD12K. BEAT HIM/HER UP WITH AN IMPLEMENT (HIT OVER AND OVER AS HARD AS ONE COULD).
Yes........................................................1 No..........................................................2
CD13. DO YOU BELIEVE THAT IN ORDER TO BRING UP (RAISE, EDUCATE) (name) PROPERLY, YOU NEED TO PHYSICALLY PUNISH HIM/HER?
Yes ........................................................1 No..........................................................2 DK/no
opinion ..............................................8
CHILD DISCIPLINE MODULE CD Identify eligible child aged 2 to 14 in the household using the tables on the preceding page, according to your instructions. Ask to interview the mother or primary caretaker of the selected child (identified by the line number in CD6). CD11. Write name and line no. of the child selected for the module from CD3 and CD2, based on the rank number in CD9.
Name _____________________________ Line number ........................................ __ __
CD12. ALL ADULTS USE CERTAIN WAYS TO TEACH
CHILDREN THE RIGHT BEHAVIOUR OR TO
ADDRESS A BEHAVIOUR PROBLEM. I WILL READ
VARIOUS METHODS THAT ARE USED AND I WANT YOU TO TELL ME IF YOU OR ANYONE
ELSE IN YOUR HOUSEHOLD HAS USED THIS
METHOD WITH (name) IN THE PAST MONTH.
Indicators: Non-violent discipline: wwww Psychological discipline: xxxxx Minor physical discipline: yyyyy Severe physical discipline: zzzzz
CD12A. TOOK AWAY PRIVILEGES, FORBADE
SOMETHING (name) LIKED OR DID NOT ALLOW
HIM/HER TO LEAVE HOUSE).
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12B. EXPLAINED WHY SOMETHING (THE
BEHAVIOR) WAS WRONG. Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12C. SHOOK HIM/HER. Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12D. SHOUTED, YELLED AT OR SCREAMED AT
HIM/HER. Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12E. GAVE HIM/HER SOMETHING ELSE TO DO. Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12F. SPANKED, HIT OR SLAPPED HIM/HER ON
THE BOTTOM WITH BARE HAND. Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12G. HIT HIM/HER ON THE BOTTOM OR
ELSEWHERE ON THE BODY WITH SOMETHING
LIKE A BELT, HAIRBRUSH, STICK OR OTHER
HARD OBJECT.
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12H. CALLED HIM/HER DUMB, LAZY, OR
ANOTHER NAME LIKE THAT. Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12I. HIT OR SLAPPED HIM/HER ON THE FACE, HEAD OR EARS.
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12J. HIT OR SLAPPED HIM/HER ON THE HAND, ARM, OR LEG.
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD12K. BEAT HIM/HER UP WITH AN IMPLEMENT
(HIT OVER AND OVER AS HARD AS ONE COULD). Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
CD13. DO YOU BELIEVE THAT IN ORDER TO BRING
UP (RAISE, EDUCATE) (name) PROPERLY, YOU
NEED TO PHYSICALLY PUNISH HIM/HER?
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2 Don’t know/no opinion ................................ 8
Which countries included the child discipline module in MICS3?
• 6 out of 7• Belize, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago• Cuba did not• Mongolia?
SPSS Program Generates basic table: CP.4• Specifically, it generate
– distribution of children 2-14 years of age by type of discipline they receive during the month before the survey
– the percentage of children 2-14 years old that have received physical or psychological discipline during the month before the survey
– Percentage of parents/caretakers of children, 2-14 years of age, that believe that in order to bring up (raise, educate) their children properly, they need to physically punish them
Methodological issues
• Needs proper adaptation to the conditions and language of country
• The indicator provides the prevalence of: – non-violent discipline– Psychological discipline/aggression– Minor physical discipline/aggression– Severe physical discipline/aggression
• Since the period of reference is the month before the survey, we may end up with a small number of children 2-14 years who experience either minor physical punishment and/or severe physical punishment
• Sample size should be reviewed when analyzing data
Table CP.4: Child disciplinePercentage of children aged 2-14 years according to method of disciplining the child, Country, Year
17.0 69.7 56.7 17.2 75.0 8.0 13.2 2697
21.8 65.3 50.9 13.4 70.1 8.0 10.3 2481
18.0 69.2 53.1 15.7 74.3 7.7 6.1 1066
11.3 79.4 66.0 21.0 82.6 6.1 16.9 1121
18.5 66.7 48.5 11.0 73.4 8.1 14.9 1011
28.7 59.0 46.9 17.9 63.8 7.4 15.3 1065
20.5 62.3 54.4 10.2 68.2 11.3 4.7 915
18.3 68.4 52.8 16.2 73.1 8.5 9.2 1876
19.9 67.1 54.6 14.9 72.4 7.7 13.3 3302
21.5 57.7 51.9 14.6 64.5 14.0 9.9 1072
17.7 70.8 57.5 16.9 76.0 6.3 12.7 1883
19.6 69.6 52.0 14.5 73.8 6.6 12.0 2223
22.9 63.2 46.8 9.5 68.7 8.4 6.2 536
22.9 67.5 56.6 12.0 69.9 7.2 16.9 83
18.8 68.1 54.7 16.1 73.2 7.9 12.4 4558
.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 1
17.5 69.9 60.2 16.4 75.2 7.3 15.5 895
19.9 68.5 55.5 16.2 72.9 7.2 15.1 874
20.7 64.6 50.8 16.4 70.3 9.0 12.0 922
19.1 66.5 53.9 14.8 72.2 8.7 10.1 1036
19.3 68.2 51.2 14.1 72.9 7.8 8.6 1451
18.9 68.8 54.6 16.5 73.8 7.4 12.1 3623
19.0 68.0 55.6 14.3 74.1 6.9 14.8 931
24.1 65.5 50.0 13.8 70.7 5.2 8.6 58
28.1 54.4 49.1 15.8 59.6 12.3 7.0 57
21.5 59.8 47.0 9.4 64.4 14.2 5.3 508
100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 1
19.3 67.6 53.9 15.4 72.7 8.0 11.8 5178
Male
Female
Sex
Dushanbe
Khatlon
Sogd
RRS
GBAO
Region
Urban
Rural
Residence
2-4 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
Age
None
Primary
Secondary +
Non-standard curriculum
Mother'seducation
Poorest
Second
Middle
Fourth
Richest
Wealthindexquintiles
Tajik
Uzbek
Russian
Kirgiz
Other
Missing
Mothertongue ofhead
Total
Onlynon-violentdiscipline
Psychologicalpunishment
Minor physicalpunishment
Severephysical
punishment
Anypsychological
or physicalpunishment *
No disciplineor
punishment
Percentage of children 2-14 years of age who experience:Mother/caretaker believesthat the childneeds to bephysicallypunished
Number ofchildren aged 2-14 years**
* MICS Indicator 74** Table is based on children aged 2-14 years randomly selected during fieldwork (one child selected per household, if any children in the age range) for whom the questions onchild discipline were administered
Thank you!