Chicago Studio Spring 2014 - John Sturniolo

Chicago StudioSpring 2014

John Anthony SturnioloCollege of Architecture and Urban Studies

Virginia Tech

Special thanks goes out to Program Director Andrew Balster, Von Weise Associates, GREC, CannonDesign, SOM and many others for hosting, teaching, instructing, and supporting the students of Virginia Tech.

Contents

Urban Mapping

Professional PracticeInterviewsLectures

Chicago StudioConjecturesRedmoon

Photography

page 8

page 30page 42

page 68page 76

page 102

Urban MappingSustainabilityAccessibility

DiversityOpen SpaceCompatibility

IncentivesAdaptability

DensityIdentity

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Principle #1: SustainabilityHeather RosenMaru Padilla

ThefirstprincipleofthebookCityBuilding:NinePlanningPrinciplesforthe21stCenturyissustainability.Itischosentoheadthelistbecauseitisanoverarchingprinciplewhichimpactsalltheothers.Itiscrucialforurbanplannerstoconsiderthesustainabilityofaprojectthroughouttheentiredesignprocess.Theprincipleofsustainabilitydoesnotonlyrefertoenvironmentalfactors,butincludessocialandeconomicissues.Sustainabilityisaholisticdesignapproach. Sustainableurbanplanningcanbebrokendownintotwomainefforts:conservationofthenaturalenvironmentandsmartcitybuilding.Thenaturalenvironmentneedstobecarefullyconsideredwheneverdesigningacity.Itisimportanttocalculatetheenvironmentalcarryingcapacityoftheland,managethelanduseinanarea,maintaincleanairandwater,conserveopennaturalspace,anduselocalresources.Thebuiltenvironmentmustalsobeconstructedinasmartway.Strategicplansincludeusingenergyefficientsystems,makingdensedevelopments,implementingefficientinfrastructure,andutilizinglocalbuildingmaterials. Designingandbuildingdensecitiesisacriticalsteptowardsachievingsustainability.Densedevelopmentsallowformaximumconservationofnaturallandscapeandresultsinmorelivablespaces.Inordertorealizethiscondition,thereneedstobecooperationandcollaborationbetweenregionalandlocalgovernments.Thesegroupsworkingtogethercanimplementzoningandlandusepolicies,inter-citytransitinfrastructure,economicsufficiencyplans,andbuildingcodestandards.Combiningtheseelementswillresultintheplanningofeconomically,socially,andenvironmentallysustainablecities.

BUILD-ING A CITY

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Plannedvs.Unplanned

Densityvs.Sprawl

GuidingPopulations

IntercityTransit

EnergyEfficientMaterials

UrbanInfill

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Principle #2: AccessibilityKelsey DressingAndrew Economou

Accessibilityisaboutfacilitatingeaseofmovementandmaximizingcirculation.Inordertodesignamoreaccessiblecity,oneofthemostimportantaspectstoconsideristheconcentrationofdensitywithinanefficienttransitnetwork.Compactdevelopmentscanaidinreducingtraveltime,discouragingautomobileuseandencouragingwalkability.Byconnectingconcentratedpedestrian-friendlydestinationswithmasstransitsystems,theuseofcarsisreduced.Inordertobetterservethepedestrian,breakingdownlargeareasintosmallblocksandstreetscanprovidesaferandeasiercrossings,whilealsogivingtheroadsystemredundancy.Ifabreakdownoccurs,parallelroutescanprovidetrafficalternatives.Whendesigningtransitsystems,havingtheabilitytohandlemultiplemodesoftransportisbeneficial. Transportation,circulationandaccesscorridorsshouldbeconsideredwhendesigningacity.Settingasideareasaslandreservesforfuturetransportationusecanpreventpossibledemolitionofbuildings.Transitcorridorsshouldbelocatedattheboundariesofdistrictswithoutblockingimportantviewstocreatemorewalkableareas.Byreducingthesizeandradiusofturns,trafficisforcedtoslowdown,whichmakestheareasaferforpedestrians.Anotherwaytoincreasepedestriancomfortistoconsiderthestreettypesanddesigntreatments.Widersidewalks,designatedmasstransit,automobile,andbikelines,andlandscapetreatmentscanallworktogethertocreateamorepedestrian-friendlyarea.Inconclusion,consideringtheneedsofpedestriansandtransitrequirementsindesigncanleadtoamoreaccessiblecity.

MultipleModesofTransportation

EASE OF MOVEMENTMULTIPLE MODES

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SmallBlocks&Streets

ConcentratedDestinations

Geometry&Scale

EASE OF MOVEMENTCONCENTRATED DESTINATIONS

EASE OF MOVEMENTSMALL BLOCKS AND STREETS

CIRCULATIONGEOMETRY & SCALE

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Principle #3: DiversityAnna Knowles-BagwellAaron Williams

REDUCING SPRAWLMIXED USE

Diversificationofaplaceoccurswithintwomaincategories;thebuiltenvironmentandtheresidents.Thebuiltenvironmentcanbevariedthroughtheconservationofnaturallandscapesorsignificanthistoricbuildings,allowingforthecharacterofaplacetodevelopovertimeandauthenticallyreflectitshistory.Whendevelopingnewstructures,designvariationisimportantbecauseithelpstoincreasevisualvariety.Thiscanbeaccomplishedbybreakinglargerparcelsoflandintosmallerparcelsandallowingdifferentdesignapproachestotakeplace.Designvariationmaybeinfluencedbyzoninglaws,whichovertimevarybuildingstock,orbysimplyallowingmultipledesignlanguagestobeimplemented.Thesestrategiescombinetocreateanurbanlandscapewhichisvisuallydynamicandrepresentativeofthepeoplewhoinhabitit.However,simplycreatinganinterestinganddiversebuildingstockisnotenoughtokeeppeoplelivingandthrivinginanarea. Mixedusecanbeusedastheumbrellastrategyfordiversifyingtheculturalelementswhichdrawpeopletoaplace,allowingthemtofindtheirnicheandstaythere.Inthiscase,mixedusemeansmorethanjustvariationintheamenitiesandprogramofadevelopment.Instead,itincorporatesalargerscaleofthinking,includingaccessibletransitandpracticalproximitybetweenamenities.Thisconceptofimmediacyreducestheamountofsprawl,creatingcommunitieswhichareoverallmoreviableforresidents.Itisalsoimportanttoretainmultiplelevelsofaffordabilitywithinamixedusedevelopment,thusmaintainingeconomicdiversityandcombattingsocialstratification.Whenalloftheseelementsarebroughttogether,incombinationwithotherprovenurbanstrategies,theresultisaplacewhichisrichincharacteraswellasvisualandintellectualinterest.

MixedUseToReduceUrbanSprawl

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CONSERVATIONVISUAL VARIETY

+ =

AVOIDING SAMENESSSMALL PARCELS

OptimizingAdjacencyBetweenUses

MultipleVoicesWithinADevelopment

ConservationOfHistoricStructures

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Principle #4: Open SpaceBryce BeckwithAdrienne Milner

Thepresenceofopenspacewithinanurbanenvironmentisimperativeforreasonspertainingtohumanhealth,naturalhabitats,andthequalityoflivingenvironment. Openspaceshouldtakeintoaccountthepreexistinghabitatandnaturalsystems.Whendesigninglargeopenspacessurroundingwildlife,migrationcorridorsshouldbepreserved.Thegroundplaneneedstoremainporoustoaccommodatewatershedsthatoftenexistsurroundingfloodplains,rivers,anddrainagecorridors.Theisolationofparkspacesshoulddistancehabitatfromhumancontact,creatingvariousspacesofsensitivitytonaturalhabitats. Recreationandurbanlandscapeisanimportanttypeofopenspaceforthehealthandqualityoflifewithindenselivingconditions.Openspaceintendedforrecreationaluseandhumanactivitiesshouldbeprogrammedaccordingly.Theurbanlandscapeshouldcontaingreenspaces forenvironmentalpurposesthatimprovethequalityoflifesuchascoolingair,filteringpollutedrunoff,andabsorbingcarbondioxide.Variousscalesofopenspacesshouldbedistributedwithinanurbanfabricinaccordancetoeasyaccessibility. Lastly,openspaceisacrucialelementofanybuiltenvironmentforthevisualandspatialreliefthatitoffers.Conservingman-madeandnaturallandscapesuchashills,rivers,parks,andskylightstrengthenscontextualcharacteristics.Viewsshouldbepreserved,providingvisualrelieffromthebuiltenvironment,andhighlightinglandscapedcontextualcharacteristics.Physicalconnectiontothesepreservedviewsareimportantasitcreatesareleasefromcitiesandpreventstheapplicabilityoftheislandeffectonthebuiltenvironment.

INDUSTRIALProgrammedopenspacesforhumanactivitiesversusopenspacesthataccommodateindustrialandinfrastructuralneeds.

INDUSTRIALINFRASTRUCTURAL

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TOP:Largeopenspacesforhabitatandnaturalsystemssuchaswaterrunoffandwatersheds.MIDDLE:Differentscalesofopenparkspacesforrecreationinproximitytolivingareas.BOTTOM:Denselivingconditionssurroundopenspacecreatingislandsthatisolatewildlife.

PHOENIX, ARIZONA

NEW YORK, NEW YORK

QUNLI PARK, CHINA

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Principle #5: CompatibilityIsaac CurreyLindsey Currey

In deciding whether buildings are to stand out or fit in, the principle [of compatibility] suggests that elements of similarity are just as important in establishing a recognizable, identifiable sense of place as elements of singularity. Throughouttheprocessofdesign,contextshouldconstantlyinfluenceaproject.Thismeanscheckingtheproposalagainstcurrentconditions,andlookingatitasapartofthewholeofthecity.Designersshouldreferencenotonlythesurroundingurbanlandscapeoftoday,butalsothecityshistoricalcontext.Inaddition,designersshouldtrytoaccountforfutureconditions,evenpostulateastowhatchangestheirprojectmightsparkintheurbanfabric. Attheresolutionofindividualbuildings,scaleisamajorfactorinestablishingcompatibility.Parcelsize,aswellasheightandsetbackscanberegulatedtoformanurbanconsensus.However,allowancesshouldbemadeforsomevariation,interestandrelief.Ifdesired,aheightdifferenceofuptotwotimescancreatealandmarkbuilding,butanythingmuchabovethatwillseemoutofplaceandfreakish.Likewise,overlargeparcelsizesbreakthecontinuityofthecity.

A building should be respectful of its surroundings and of its time. Beyondscale,designersareconfrontedwiththetemporalmatterofstyle.Inmanyways,thebuiltenvironmentisavisualtimelineofhistory.Everyarchitectorplannerofanewprojecthastoaskthemselveshowmuchtheywanttoreferenceandreflectthecontext,respect[the]surroundings,andhowmuchdotheywanttodeviate,inordertobeof[the]time?Howshouldthecharacterofthebuildingsitinthistimeline?Thesequestionsareansweredprimarilythroughdecisionsofmaterialanddetailing,colorandhistoricalpreservation. Compatibilityisaboutthebroadersenseofplace;aboutbothsimilarityanddifference.Seekingtorespecttheexistingcharacterandqualitiesofasite,compatibilityindesignmakeswayforthevaluesoftodayandthepossibilitiesofthefuture.

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Principle #6:IncentivesPatrick McMinnJohn Sturniolo

Incentivesforexpandingorbuildingacitygenerallyfocusonareasthathaveunderusedland,infrastructureorbuildings,suchasspacesthatareineconomicdeclineorbrownfields.Thisdevelopmentiscommonlycarriedoutbygovernmentalorprivateorganizationstofacilitatefurtherinvestment.Themostcommonincentivesare:taxreductions;subsidiesforlandcosts;siteassemblyandpreparation;newinfrastructurefortransportationandutilizes;healthcare,education,andpublicsafetyservices;openspaceandlandscapebeautification;andadditionaldensityallowances.Agrowing,livablecityisanattractionfortalentedindividualswhointurnwillacceleratethesuccessandexpansionofthecitylifeandattractivespaces.Thisdevelopprocessisfound,planned,anddefinedthroughmasterplanningandinfrastructureimprovement.Themasterplanprovidesastrategicapproachforattractingnewinvestments,citygrowthanddevelopment,andadefinedfocusforthefutureofthecity.Themasterplanisdesignedarounddevelopmentquality,beautification,andvalueenhancement.DevelopmentQualityfocusesoncirculation,openspaces,andphasesofbuildingconstructionasaframeworkforpotentialinvestors.LandscapeBeautificationofstreets,parks,andwaterfrontsareoneofthemainmethodsofattractinginvestmentstoaparticulararea.ValueEnhancementconsolidatesexistinglandparcelsandaddsadditionaldensitytotheplotwhichinturnaddsfurthervaluetotheproperty.Theseconddirectionforcitydevelopmentisthroughinfrastructureimprovements,whicharedonethroughaccessimprovementsandthecreationofpublicfacilities.Byimprovingtheinfrastructureofaspacetofacilitatetheeaseofaccessintothoseareas,transitorienteddevelopmentfollowstheseconstructs;malls,restaurants,hotels,andotherlikefacilitiesbeingcommonlyfoundnearamajoraccesspointsuchasasubwaystation.Thiscanbeaccomplishedthroughtransitandstreetredesign,newbicyclepaths,pedestrianwalkways,parking,andotheraccessimprovements.Thecreationofpublicfacilitiessuchasairports,conventioncenter,ballparks,museums,performancehalls,culturalandeducationalfacilitiesallcreatenewjobsanddrawinvisitorsandeconomicrevenue.Thesefacilitiescanalsoaddvalueandrevenuetooneanother,suchasanewconventioncenterattractingnewhotelswhichattractsnewrestaurantsandentertainmentvenues.

SOCIALCENTER

SCHOOLRESIDENTIAL

MAINTRANSITAXIS

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UNUSEDDEVELOPMENTRIGHTSTRANSFERRED

HISTORICBUILDINGPRESERVED

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Principle #7: AdaptabilityRachel MontagueGregory Dalfonzo

Adaptability,asframedbyKriken,isfocusedonthegoalofcreatingcitiesthatareflexibleovertime.Moreflexibilityenablesdesignerstoconserveresourcesandhistoryasacityages.Designersareexpectedtotakeintoaccounttheneedsofaprogressiveurbanlandscape,whilemaintainingthevibrancyofthebuiltenvironment.The mainpointsofadaptabilityarecentralizedexpansion,smallermodules,conservationofopenspace,andviabilityofcommunities.Allofthesetopicsoverlapintheireffectsandintentions,developingabalancebetweenadaptationandinnovation. Centralizedexpansionsupportsanefficientandunderstandablecityscape.Bymaintainingfocalzonesofestablishedareas,boththesenseofincompletenessanddebrisfromnewconstructionareseparatedfromdailylife.Thefinishedcenterservesasanorientationdeviceforvisitors. Planningwithsmallerparcelsoflandencouragesthemostefficientuseofvaluablespacethatcentersonthepedestrian.Parcelscanbecombinedtocreatedistinctprogrammaticgroupingsthatcanlaterbereallocatedasuseschange.Ahighdegreeofwalkability,supportedbymaintainingaccessiblewalkwaysthroughlargerbuildings,connectsthesedisparateelementsofthecityandsupportscollaboration. Openspaceisapreciouscommodityinthecity.Forurbandwellerstoreceiveashareofwind,sun,view,andgreenspaces,citiesmustprioritizethemaintenanceanddevelopmentofflexibleopenspaces. The economicsofthecityaresuchthatthesupportingelementsofdailylifemustbeintegratedintoeverycommunity.Shops,gyms,residences,andbusinessescanbedevelopedinamutuallysupportiveway.Theviabilityofcommunitiesalsoreliesonsimplespatialdecisions.Engagingthestreetandpedestriansresultsinamorecomprehensiveuseofbuildings,whichcansupportachangeinprogramlaterintime. Mostofthemovesthatsupportadaptabilityarecommonsense,buttheyarealsooftenoverlooked,asdesignersseektodeveloptheirpersonalideas.Whiletheexpressionofconceptisimportantinthesuccessofadesign,theawarenessofandengagementwithmoregeneralissuesisjustascrucial.Adaptabilitywillmakeanydesignmuchmorevaluable,especiallyascitiesbecomemorecrowdedandadaptivereusebecomesmandatory.

60s 00s90s80s70s

DIRECTION OF EXPANSION

MIX ADDRENOVATEREUSEADAPT

PRINCIPLE SEVEN: ADAPTABILITYBENEFITS

DIRECTION OF EXPANSION

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VACANTLOTS

INCOMPLETEINCOMPLETENEIGHBORHOOD

OPEN SPACE

COMPLETECORE

PLANNEDEXPANSION

PERMANENT OPEN SPACE

SCALED CITY PLANNINGPARK

DEVELOPMENTSDEVELOPMENTS

PERMANENT OPEN SPACE

SCALED CITY PLANNINGPARK

General Practice Optimal Practice

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Principle #8: DensityEthan BingemanAlec Yuzhbabenko

Densityisdefinedbythenumberofpeoplelivingorworkingonagivenunitofland.Itvariesbasedonmanyfactors,butcultureisthemostinfluential.Developingcountriestendtohaveadensityofabout100squarefeetperfamilywhilemoredevelopedcountrieshaveabout1,000squarefeetforevery2people.Anotherdeterminantofdensityistheterraininthelocationofaplace.Mountains,rivers,oceansandothernaturalboundariesimposelimitsanddictatetheurbanfabric. Whendealingwithcitydesign,therearethreeelementstoconsiderinanefforttoachievealivablecity: +Integratingtransitwithshopping,business,andentertainmentwithresidentialareastosupportefficienttransitandencouragewalking. +Asuggesteddensityof300dwellingsperacretomaximizeviews,sunlight,andadequateopenspace. +Establishingamenities(recreational,cultural,andsupportiveservices)toactivatethestreetatalltimes. Implementingtheseelements,higherdensity,mixed-usecorridorsconnectareasbymeansofpublictransportation.Strengtheningneighborhoodsprovideabaseforthedensitytoform.Protectinglandmarks,parks,andindustrialareas,whichareessentialtoacityandneighborhoodcharacter,bringeconomicbenefitforthedensitytothrive.Lastly,expandingopenspacesbeginstomakethehigherdensitymoreenjoyableforresidents. Sprawlingdevelopmentdestroysirreplaceableland,wastesenergyandinfrastructure,andcausesmillionsofhourslostincommutes.Throughtransitorienteddevelopment,carefulplanning,andprovidingadequateamenities,thesedensitiesaresustainable,livable,andachievable.

S ARCH

ER AVE S STATE ST

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ORTH AVE

S WENTW

ORTH AVE

S PRINCETON AVE

S STATE ST

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S MICHIGAN AVE

S WABASH AVE

S CLARK ST

S WOLCOTT AVE

S DAMEN AVE

S WOOD ST

S ASHLAND AVE

S LAFLIN ST

S LOOMIS ST

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S MAY ST

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S MORGAN ST

S PEORIA ST

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S CANAL ST

S ALLPORT ST

S WOLCOTT AVE

S DAMEN AVE

S WOOD ST

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S LAFLIN ST

S LOOMIS ST

S THROOP ST

S RACINE AVE

S MAY ST

S CARPENTER ST

S MORGAN ST

S PEORIA ST

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CERMAK RDCERMAK RDCERMAK RDCERMAK RD

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S CALUMET AVE

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S INDIANA AVES INDIANA AVES INDIANA AVE

S MICHIGAN AVE

S WABASH AVE

S STATE STS STATE ST

S PRARIE AVE

S INDIANA AVES INDIANA AVE

S MICHIGAN AVE

S WABASH AVE

S CLARK ST

S ASHLAND AVE

S PAULINA ST

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S LAFLIN ST

S LOOMIS ST

S THROOP ST

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ENTWORTH AVE

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CERMAK RD

S LAFLIN ST

S LOOMIS ST

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S MAY ST

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CERMAK RDCERMAK RDCERMAK RDCERMAK RD

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FINANCIAL DISTRICT FINANCIAL DISTRICT

RESIDENTIAL

Infrastructure

FinancialDistricts

EstablishGrid GreenSpace

SensibleGrowth

EstablishNeighborhoods

CityFabric

BrownfieldSites

ResidentialDistricts

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Principle #9: IdentityErin YoungCatherine Ives

Identityiscreatingandpreservingauniqueandmemorablesenseofplace.Theprimarysourcesthroughwhichcitiesachieveidentityarenaturalfeatures,climate,culture,anddesign.Becauseeachoneoftheseelementscanvary,itgivesuniquenesstocitiesbecauseoftheinfinitecombinations.Thegreatestchallengeformoderncitybuildersisdesigningfast-growing,yetlivablecities.Suchfastdevelopmentcanhinderbuildersfromrecognizingandutilizingattributesofaspecificcity,causingtheseelementstonothavetimetodevelopintorichanddeepideas. Ontheotherhand,genericcomponentsofacitycanstitchtogethertheurbanfabricinanotherwisedenseareawithtoomanyvariables.Thegenericthenbecomesthebackgroundforspecificlandmarksandculturestodevelopasenseofplace. Agoodcitymustinvolvethepublicinteresttoprotectandenhancethecitysuniquenessovertheprivateinterestthatthreatenit.However,thedevelopmentofidentitycanbeinhibitedbyconflictinginterests,suchastoomanymonumentaliconsthatdontrespecttheirexistingcontext. Establishingidentitywithinacityisdifficultandcanbefacedwithmanychallenges.Manyoftheissuesarecommonamongcities,suchasenvironmentalsameness,repetitionofelements,placesthatarehardtocomprehend,asenseofbeinglost,andalackofnaturalfeatures. Byutilizingexistingconditionsandrecognizingacityspotential,itispossibletocreateasenseofidentity.

Balancebetweengenericandunique

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Issues:environmentalsameness,repetitionofelements,placesthatarehard tocomprehend /senseofbeing lost, and lackof naturalfeatures

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Pilsen

Industrial Corridor

Chinatown

Cermak Rd

18th St

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Pilsen

Industrial Corridor

Chinatown

Cermak Rd

18th St

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ThediagramonthepreviouspagereflectsthegeneralconditionslocatedaroundRedmoonTheater, situated on the corner ofCermakRoad andSouth JeffersonStreet. The nearbyneighborhoods includePilsen,theIndustrialCorridor,andChinatown.Intermsofaccessibilityandinfrastructure,themainpointsofaccessarealongCermakRoadandSouthHalstedStreet,whichisclearlylimitingtothesurroundingarea.ThereisaRedLineStopinChinatowntotheEast,aGreenlinestoponHalstedtotheNorth,andPinkLinestopstothefarWestinPilsen.Thepointbeing,thattheexistinginfrastructureoftheareadoesnot immediatelysupportthegrowthofthearea.Thereisonlyacoupleavailablebusroutesthroughthearea,thestreetsarenotnecessarilybikefriend,andwalkingispossible,butnotcompletelysupportedbytheexistingconditions.ThereisnotaneaseofaccessintoplacessuchasRedmoonwithoutwalkingforseveralblocks(sometimesthroughquestionableareas)orhavingaprivatecartogetaround.Inshort,theinfrastructureislackingonvariousbasis. ThesurroundingenvironmentaroundRedmooncouldbedescribedasthegeneratedsprawlfromtheclusterdevelopmentsinChinatownandPilsen.However,thisalsohasamoreprogrammatic importance.Theclustereddevelopments inPilsenandChinatownare largelyresidentialhomesandsmallercommercialbusinesses,whileintheoutwardsprawl, industrialbuildings,highdensityhousing,andanassortmentofcommunity-focusedbuildingscanbefound.Insomeways,thisurbanplanningbasisiscompletelyintentional,byhavingaculture-heavycommunityclusteredaway frommain transitaccesspoint itallowsthatcommunity tobecomean island in itself, thuspreservingtheheritageof those individuals. Thateffecthaspositiveandnegativeconsequences in termsof its futuredevelopment. Ononehand,asalreadystated,theculturewillremainmoreintactinthoseareasandindividualstherewillhavemorechoiceoverthefuturedevelopmentoftheirneighborhoods.However,thatmeansthattheinwardgrowthofthoseneighborhoodsisdependentonanincreaseoflike-culturedindividualscontinuing tomove into thoseareas. Also, it ismuchharder to imposenewdevelopmentandstrategicplanningthroughcreatingafocalpointtodrawothersinandcreatingeconomicgrowth; that theeconomics thatgo through that areaare individualswho live therealreadyor individualswhogo to thoseareas forspecific intent. Creatingan islandeffectessentiallyeliminatesthewholebigflashinglightsmentalitytodrawinnewbusinessesandrevenue. In termsof future improvement, Ibelieve that there issomecriticalpoints thatcanbeaddressed to improve theCermakCorridor. Primarily, the largestpointof interestwouldbeimprovingtheexistinginfrastructure,allowingforcloseraccesspointswiththeLtrainsystem,improvingthebustransitnetworkthroughoutthearea,andallowingfortheusageofbikelinesandbikesharing.However,thisalmostmeanscreatedastrongerpointof interesttocreateincentivesfortheseareas.Thiscouldmeanadaptingexistingprogrambuildingsforotherusesandrestructuringthearrangementofsomeofthevastundevelopedspacesfornewbusinessandhousing.Thebiggestquestionofallthispotentialredevelopment,however, isshoulditbedone?PilsenandChinatowndohaveidentitiesthatneedtobepreservedandanysortofmasschangingoftheexistingsystemdependslargelyonthesuccessofpreservingthethoseareas,orifthoseareasneedchangeatallinthefirstplace.

Professional PracticeInterviews

Winn ChenJohn JandaCarl D SilvaHayes Brister

Taylor MckinleyLuis MonterrubioChip von Weise

Profes

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Role:Architect1,B;entry-levelarchitecturalstaff,taskedforavarietyofthingsonaproject;project-to-projectbasisresponsibilities;model-making,constructiondocuments,development,etc.;Signifyinghowmanyyearsofexperience,2.5yearscurrently CurrentlyaBIMManagerforprimaryproject Evaluations:technicallyhasasupervisorwhoconductshisreview,buttheproject

team andpeersreallydotheevaluation,beingshuffledfromteamtoteam;individualsinthehierarchyvary Nobodyintheprojectisoverlyspecializedonwhattheyaredoingday-to-day,unless

theyaretheprojectmanagerorsomethingsimilar;everydayisalittledifferent,dependsonwhatneedstobedone Forthemostofthetime,workingonasingleproject,butmultiplepartsofthatproject Architecture,aniceintersectionofbeingcreativeandbeingpractical(reasonfor

choosingprofession) Professionisbothvilifiedandglorifiedinculture Alwaysthoughthewouldbedesigningsomething;learningaboutdesigninschoolin

truth Ifnotcurrentlyinarchitecture10yearsago,wouldhavelikedtodoAppleProduct

design;Now,sciencefictioncityscapedesignandrendersinmovies,doingthesketchingandrenderings,doesnotneedtomakesense,justlookcool Rewarding:workingwithpeople,coordination,designdevelopment,reallyenjoys

figuringoutdetails Withacademia,therearesomanyassumptionsthataremadethatareinherently

untestable,thekeyisthebuiltenvironment Changesineducation/bepreparedfor:

Theproductisnotthedesign,inmanycasesitisthepresentationofthedesign;pushforhowtopresent.Period.Considerdoingapowerpoint/slideshow,theamountofcontrolyouhavenowoverwhatsequencepeopleseethingsandwhen! Collaboration,butalwayshardinschool,becausethereisnotaboss Studiocultureisfun,butcanbeunhealthy,justtakeitselfalittlelessseriously,be

morecomfortable Changesinthepractice/futureprojections:

Thingsaregettingfaster,schedules,demands Despitethespeed,itdoesnothinderdesign,everyonehastoreallyconsiderevery

decisionmade;designcomesoutofweirdplaces,andtheonlythingthathampersdesignisthequalityoftheclient

Everyonestartingtheirownpracticeisnotsustainable

Winn Chen, CannonDesignLow-Level Architect InterviewDuration: 50 minutes

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John Janda, von Weise AssociatesMid-Level Architect InterviewDuration: 41 minutes

Becameanarchitectbecauseofhisbrother,influencedinhighschool;marriageofartandtechnicality Role:Quality-controlPosition,butfunctioningasaProjectManager,keeping

Chipuptospeedontheproject;TheSecondChip SmallFirmrole,everyonehastobeabletodoeverythingessentially;learning

processquicklyanddevelopment Gratificationofseeingsomethingdreamtuprealized;complicationofthe

processalsointerestingandgratifying;alwaysdesigningwouldgetboring Criticalimportanceofbudget,butisunfortunatelynotandcannotbetaughtin

school,justhavetolearnbyexperience Design,Bid,Build Alotofintuition,experience,andtrialanderrorseemtodeterminemanyunsure

moments,suchaspricing,contracts,daytodayoperations;thethingsthatarenottaughtinschool;cannotalwaysimmediatelyknowhowmuchaprojectwillcost,butcanlookatpreviousprojects,howthingsareinthemarket,materials,andmakeeducatedestimationsforabid Preferencetowardsmaller-firmsizeduetoflexibility,butlarger-firmsdohave

thatbenefitofexperience,numbers,andprojectsize,butindividualsaremorecategorized,partofamachine Inthenext10-years,takeoveroftheRevitModel,however,existingissue

withtheinflexibilityofRevit;thatwhencreatingsomanycustom-madedesignstheefficiencyisdefeated,goodforstandardizeditems,notcustomization Revitpushfromgeneralpractice,contractors,clients;theefficiencyforthemto

seethingsin3Dspaceversustheold2Ddrawings Architectsarestartingtobeexpectedtogreatanentirebuildingin3Dbeforeits

everevencreated;positivesandnegativestoboth Coordinationismoreimportantandgettingeasier(potentially) Allthisextraworkdoesnotnecessarilyshortentheprojecttimeline,justmakes

thingsalittleeasierforconstructionlater Advice:donothavetofollowthemodel,donotbeafraidtomovearound,

besttoknowwhatelseisouttherewhenyouareyounger,dothingsoutsideofarchitecture

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Role:Vice-PresidentandPrincipalArchitect PrincipalArchitect:Immediateindividualundermaindesigner;takeinitialconceptdesignsand

turn thatintoabuilding;architecturalsystems,coordinationwithengineers;developmentanddeliveryofthejob Vice-President:termreservedfortheofficersinthefirm;LLC(LimitedLiabilityCooperation);

cooperateterm,notanarchitecturalterm Reasonforbecomingarchitect:testin9th/10thgrade,listofwhatanindividualwould

begoodat.SisterwenttoWashington-SaintLouisforArchitecture,understandingofwhatarchitectureschoolwouldbelike,wasnotleaningtowardsanythingelsesoliterallyjustcheckedtheboxontheVirginiaTechapplication LooselythoughtaboutgoingintographicsforDisneyyearsago,butdidnothaveareasonto

switchout EnjoymentofcurrentworkatJAHN

Typeofprojects,size/location;startingtoenjoylargerprojectsmore Largecomplexjobs=longertimeframe;abletoworkondifferentphases Enjoysdoingdetails,lookingoverRFIs,shopdrawings Alwayssomethingdifferent,complexityofprojectsandcoordination

Theonlypersonresponsibleforyourdevelopmentasanarchitectisyou;notTech,notyourprofessors,notthefirmyougoworkfor Againsttheideaforfirmstobreakdowndepartmentsintospecialgroupsforonlycertainparts

ofaproject;onlydetails,structure,technical,designingorhatteamfortowers Understandingdesignmakesbettertechnicalandviceversa Passingoffjobstoothergroupswithinthefirms,individualsdonotnecessarilyknowwhere

thatdesign/intentcamefrom;alwayshavesomeonethatfollowsthrougheachstep Consistentlybringingupthatthosethatarepigeon-holedintoaparticularpartoftheproject,

neverreallyhaveanyotherunderstandingoftheproject(orpotentiallydesignasawhole) Principal>AssociatePrincipal>CoreArchitects Evaluations:usedtobedonebyanofficemanager(recentlyretired),nocurrentformal

staffingpolicy;projectbased,thedesignersstaywiththeprojecteachstep,donotjustpassitoffaftertheinitialconcept,notsoautonomous,ex.SuchaswithFoster UseofAutoCAD,someRevit,difficulttouseRevitfortheprojectstheyhave,willnotuse

unlessaclientrequestsit,otherwiseitssolelyfortheirownpurpose;localclientsdonotcare Dependsallontheclients ContractorsreallycannotforceanarchitecttodothingsinRevit JAHNhasbeennaturallyfocusingonenergycodeforyears;reallyitsjustunderstanding

fundamentalsbetterthankeepingtocertaincode;reducingtheloadsandthepassivearchitecture;energyconsultantandstructuralengineerareengagedintheearlyconcept Wholesocietyismovingtowardssustainability Forstudentstoknow:howyouwanttodevelopyourcareerandwhatyouwanttodowith

yourcareer;giveathoughttowhattypeofarchitecturetheywanttoworkin;chooseprojects/thesistowardthosetypeoffirmsthatinterestyou

Carl DSilva, JAHNHigh-Level Architect InterviewDuration: 49 minutes

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Hayes Brister, Account Executive, HenricksenAlternative Professional Interview #1Duration: 37 minutes

Originallydidtrainandpursueacareerasanarchitecture Justshowup;beinfrontofopportunities,justgoplaces,nevermissan

opportunity Eventhoughisnolongerinarchitecture,beingabletoknowtheterminology

andunderstandspaceplanningmakesiteasiertoconveyandtalktocertainclients Architectsnaturallyseemtothinkdifferentlythanotherpeopleandthinkingin

suchadiverseandmultifacetedway,whichissometimeshardtoconvinceothersthatarchitectsthinksodifferentlyandhavethecapacityforotherfields 5-yearprogramatMississippiStateUniversity InternshipforayearinschoolwithGensler Workexperience

SCB AdrianSmith,GordonGill;spinoffofSOM SmithGroup

Aftermanyyearsrealizedthatthecareerofanarchitectjustwasnotforhim,evenafterworkingatsuchbigfirms,ifthepersonalityandfitofthosedidnotwork,thenthelifeofanarchitectwasnottherightchoice;neverfeltdedicated;wasnevergoingtobethatpersonwiththatmotivationanddrive Evenifsomeotheropportunitycomesupthatisnotnecessarilyarchitecture,

thatdoesnotmeanthattheopportunityshouldbepassedup ShiftfromArchitecturetoFurniture;friendfromIA,knewofadealershipstartup

andwantedtoswitchoutfromarchitectureanyway;companyfoldedshortlyafterbutthedealershipsuccessintheareacreatedotherconnectionsandopportunities Dealership-sideisallaboutconnectionsandkeepingthoseconnections Abitridiculousforfirmswhengoingintoaninterviewandthefirmactslikeyou

aredoingthemafavor;Expectationthatyouareluckytobehere Managementsideofwork;handsinalotmore;facepersonforaproject;

workingwiththemanufacturesandexchanginginformation Couldstayatsalesandcurrentpositionandstaywithit;comfortable,enjoysthe

position,enjoysthework,andtheworkpaysoff Trends;fluxofpeoplechangingjobs,moremovementofpeoplebetween

places;furniturestyleofopenworkstationsstartingtohavesomeback-lash,sobackingupslightlysomemorebalancewitholdcubicalstyleandpersonalspace

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Taylor Mckinley, Navigator and Urban Planner, RedmoonAlternative Professional Interview #2Duration: 40 minutes

Donotalwaysrelyonbureaucracytofacilitatechange,justgodoit,getfriendsandmakeachange Interestinurbanplanning:5yearsoldandfamilymovingtoapedestrian

friendlyenvironment(Toronto)fromaplacethathadamorelackinginfrastructure;subconsciousinfluenceofthelittlethingsoftheeaseofgoingacrosstowntoseefriends,walkingaround,cleanspaces ElementarySchoolprojectonGlobalWarmingandUrbanPlanning Originallywenttocollegeasacivilengineer,notsatisfied,tookanenvironmental

geographycourse;mindblown! Cananalyzeanythingwithamap;pros,cons,assets,etc. Death&LifeofAmericanCitiesbyJaneJacobs;Urbanized(film);Suburban

Nation(film);Chinatown(film) Activatingpeopleinpublicspaces Interestinginmeetingandinterviewingpeople,findoutwhatpeoplearedoingin

theirfreetime Knowingtogoouttoaneighborhoodandaskingpeoplewhatmakesthem

angry,whatneedstobeimprovedon,andactonit Meetpeople,talktothem,inaparkorcoffeeshop,andfindoutwhatthey

arethinking;combinesocialmediaanddesign,circumventtheslowbureaucraticplanningprocess(wasteoftime);outreachandplansandreports,butdoesnotactuallyengagethecommunity,notrealgrassrootsplanning

Meetwithanyone Fulfillmentcomesfromlittlemeetingsandbringingeveryonetogethertoreacha

criticalmass TransitOrientedDevelopment(TOD),goodidea,buthardtoimplementunless

onealreadyprocessesthenecessaryfunds,needstobeaccomplishedfast Meetings;addressissuesandholdacharrette;createaframeworkforacouple

ofissues;outreachtocommunitygroups;regroupandbuildonthatidea Jeffersonian/Enlightenedindividualswhoareexperiencedinmultiplefields,

gettingtheminvolvedtocreatedsomethingextraordinary ActivatetheSpace:createsomethingsimple,unique,thatdrawspeopleinan

letthoseindividualsfilltheactivity UrbanPlannersjustcopyandreplicatetheprocessthatothersdobecausethat

isallthatneedstobedone,spreadtheideas Activatingspacesandpeoplethroughtheuseoftechnology

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Luis Monterrubio, Coordinating Planner, City of Chicago Planning and DevelopmentAlternative Professional Interview #3Duration: 80 minutes

PrimaryfunctionwithinthePlanningDivision;managementofthehundredsofplanswithinthecity;adoptingplansthatconfirmwithexistingcitypolicies Howtomakeplanshappen,where,andinwhatcapacity LicensedarchitectfromMexicoCity;thesisinChicago;internshipwiththefirm

thatwouldeventuallybecomeGREC;3monthinternshipturnedinto14yearsandhiredbythecity Residentialandcommercialplanningdevelopment Sellingthesite,butalsoseeingtheproposedprojectproposalandhowthatfits

intothecityplanatlarge Stilllearningsomethingneweveryday;moreinvolvedwithurbanplanningvs

individualprojectsinrecentyears Concentrationclustersofdiversecommercialzoning,especiallyaroundexisting

assets Placementandarrangementofprograms;transportation,commercial,

entertainment,housing,etc.andtheinfluencesofeach Projectson-goingoverthecourseofmultipleyears;5,10,20years Fulfillment:seeingsomethingeventuallyconstructed;communitymeetings

andconversations;knowingthattheplanningisimpactingthecitylandscapeandindividualslivelihoods Incityplanning,eachzoningtaxdistrictisallocatedacertainamountofmoney

basedonexistingspacecriteria,soevenifthecityhasalargerpotofmoney,thatmoneyisnotavailabletoeachspace Reviewingthefeasibilityanduseofplans Cannotbeanexpertoneverything,soneedtohaveconversationswiththose

individuals Knowingwhatisthecorrectlocationofcertainbusinesstypes;onthecorner

versusthecenterofablock,especiallylargerbusinesses UrbanPlanningimprovementsbasicallydependentonnewemerging

technologyandadvances;willbecomemoredatamanagers Architecturetourbanplanningtransition,sameprinciples,justchangeofscale

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Afterspeakingtoeachoftheseindividuals,onemajorthinghasbecomeextremelyclearthroughouteachoftheconversations,thattheseindividualsareextremelypassionateandfindfulfillmentandenjoymentintheirwork,whateveritmaybe.ForyearsIwouldhavetosaythatIdidnotnecessarilyknowthedifferencebetweenajobandacareer.Theseindividualsdonothavejobs,theyhavecreatedcareers.PartofitIbelievehastodowithmyownbackgroundandwhatIhaveseenfromindividualsIhavemet,thatpeoplethathavejobsdonotnecessarilyfindthesameenjoymentandfulfillmentinwhattheydo.Jobspay,putfoodonthetable,getthebillspaid,butareanendstoameans.Thejobsalsodonotcontributetothegrowthoftheindividual;theyaresimplysomethingthatneedstogetdone.

Sowhatdoesthismeanforthefuture?Well,findacareer,notajob,clearly.However,thatcareerdoesnotnecessarilyhavetobeinarchitecture.TalkingtoHayeswasprobablyoneofthemostinterestingandinsightfulconversations,purelybecauseoftherelationhehastoarchitectureasabackground.Itisonetothingtotalktoanindividualwhohashadamorestraightforwardcareerpath(likeCarlandWinn),buttotalktosomeonewhostartedasuccessfulpathtowardbeinganarchitectandthenrealizethatthereisanotherpathtotakeisincrediblyimportant!Thereareotherthingsthatcanbedonewithanarchitecturedegree!Sure,wehavehadlecturesonwhatotherpathsonecantake,butitisanotherthingtositdownwithsomeoneandheartheirstoryonhowtheymadethattransition.

Anotherthingthatkeptcomingupwastheimportancetotakeopportunitiesastheycomealong.Partofmedoesthinkthatthisislargelyduetotheenvironment,thatChicagoofferssomuchmoreversatilityandopportunitiesthananormalcity(asidefrommaybecitieslikeD.C.,NewYorkandLosAngeles).Opportunitiesaresometimesalittlehardertocomebythatpeoplemakethemseemandsometimestheyjustariseoutofseeminglynowhere.Ibelievethatcertainopportunitiesshouldneverbepassedup,thatsometimesyouhavetofollowuponthoseastheycomealong.Atthesametime,someopportunities,whiletheymightbenewandinterestingarenotalwaysthebestchoiceforthemoment.Ithinkeachoftheseindividualshavecarefullyweighedeachopportunityandpotentialchangethathascomealongandassessedifitwastherightthingforthem.Carl,forexample,foundagreatspotwithJAHNearlyonandsimplyhasnothadareasontochangewherehewas,whileHayes,ontheotherhand,jumpedattheopportunitytotransitionoutofarchitectureandhasbeenhappierbecauseofit.Itreallyjustdependsonwhereanindividualisintheirownlife,theirownpath,whenthosechancehappeningscomealong.

Ibelievethatspeakingtoeachoftheseindividualshasmadeasignificantcontributiontomyunderstandingofarchitectureandtheworldingeneral,eachintheirownway.Itmaybeareasonjustassimpleashearingsomeoneelseslifestoryandwhattheyhadtogothrough.Asastudenttryingtostartoutintheworld,somuchisuncertainandthefutureisalwaysinflux,butatsomepointlifewillfallintoplaceandthingswillbeclearerthantheyeverhavebeen.Ittakestime,ittakesmistakes,butultimatelythepathwewishtotravelisalluptousandsomehowweeachseemtomakeitworkinonewayoranother.

Sothereisthatlittleglimmerofhope

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Chip von Weise, Architect and Principal, Von Weise AssociatesEthics Interview: PMI Cannon, FairnessDuration: 37 minutes

Cannon:impartial,withoutself-interestobjectiveandwithoutprejudice,etc. Conflictsofself-interest:budgeandFeeaspercentagesofconstruction;balance

betweenclientsbudgetandrunningabusinessthathastosupportfamilies;seldominbestlong-terminteresttoscrewtheclient;Ex.Schematicdesign,tablefinishofacertainmaterial,feebasedonapercentage;moreexpensivematerial,largerfee,moremoneyforthedesigner Pushingclientstospendmoremoneyequalsareputationfordrivingupaclients

budget Goodreputationfordesigningwellandtreatingclientsfairlyinordertogetthenext

project Meshofclientsexpectationsforthedesignandexpectationsofcost;alwaysleadsto

ValueEngineeringatsomepoint Therearenonormscurrentlyfordesign;previously,15%forresidence,10%for

commercial Hourly;Flatfeeforeachstageofdesign;Percentageofconstructioncosts;Flatfee

perdollarpersquarefootage(usuallyforinteriorprojects) Forhiring,knowingpeoplehelpsgetyourfoodinthedoor,butnotunderany

obligationtohirethatindividual,butwillinterviewthemasacourtesyfortheircolleagueorfriend Bestpossiblecandidatefortheleastamountoftime Hiringisarisk;individualisnotgood,canstealfromtheemployer,actunethically,

potentiallylooseaclient Cannotdiscriminateonthebasics[race,gender,sexualorientation,etc.],butalso

cannotdiscriminateoraskindividualsmarriagestatus,familystatus,location;biasedassessmentforemployersinterestinthecompany Needtocompartmentalizewhenmakingadecisionandwhenrunningabusinessin

general Onlypromisewhatyoucandeliver Negativeconsequencesoffairness;errorindrawings,actingethnicallyhasfinancial

consequencestothebusiness,insteadofpassingtheerrorofftosomeoneelse Conflictofinterestswithdesigns:coolandinterestingideasarenotalwaysthebest

onethatrepresentstheclient,couldloseaclientbypushingadesignforward;theclientbecomesameanstoanends,notanendstoitself Integrityofthedesignwiththeintegritywiththeclientsobjectives HowardRoarkmythofarchitecture Finelinebetweeneducationyourclientandbeingarrogant

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The cannonofchoicewasFairness,asoutlinedintheCodeofEthicsandProfessionalConductguidelinessetbytheProjectManagementInstitute.Fairnessisourdutytomakedecisionsandactimpartiallyandobjectively.Outconductmustbefreefromcompetingself-interest,prejudice,andfavoritism.Forarchitects,beingimpartialandactingwithoutself-interestinafieldthatdevotessomuchtime,energy,andpersonalityintothework,createsvariousinstanceswhereactingfairlycomesintoconflict.Tofacilitateabetterunderstandingofthiscannon,ChipvonWeise,PrincipalArchitectofVonWeiseAssociateswaschosentobeinterviewed.ThischoicewasmadeduetoChipsroleasheadofthearchitecturefirmandexperienceasanarchitectandbusinessowner.

The mainpointsofconflictwithself-interestcomefromthebusinesssideofafirmandtheindividualdesignersegoandideasofadesign.Whilethearchitectistheretofacilitatethedesignoftheclientsintent,thearchitectandthefirmdohavetobepaidforthoseservices.Thisconflictforgeneratingprofitforthecompanycancomeupinthepaymentofthecontract,primarilythroughafeegeneratedbythepercentageoftheconstructioncost.Forexample,ifthedesignfeeis15%oftheconstructioncost,andthefinishmaterialofatabletopis$10K,thecompanywillmake15hundreddollarsofthedesignversusthesametabletopbeingfinishedwithamuchlessexpensivematerial.Whilethebusinessdoeshavetopayitsemployeesandprovideforthosefamilies,itisgenerallynotinthefirmsinterestinthelongtermtodriveuptheclientsbudget.Thiscancausethefirmtodevelopareputationofbeingmoreexpensive,potentiallyloosingotherperspectiveclients.AtVonWeiseAssociates,theystriveforagoodreputationfordesigningwellandtreatingtheclientsfairlyinordertogetthenextproject.

Inthepracticeofarchitectureandclientbudgeting,therearevariousmethodsthatarebeingusedtodeterminethecostofthearchitectsdesign.Theworkcanbedonehourly;aflatfeeforeachstageofthedesign;apercentageoftheconstructioncosts;oraflatfeeperdollarpersquarefootage,whichisusuallydoneforinteriorprojects.Thepreviousnormwas15%forresidentialbuildingsand10%forcommercialormulti-familybuildings.Thathasshiftedmoreduetothenatureofmakingtheclientmoreuncomfortablethroughoutthedesignprocess,plusthearchitectseasyofabilitytoincreasethepriceoftheirdesign.

The othermajorpointofconflictwiththearchitectsself-intereststemsforthedesignitself,beinganextensionofthearchitectsideas,vocabulary,ego,personality,and

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generalpreferenceofdesign.Thebuiltdesignofthearchitectisamonumentoftheirworkandideastosomedegreeandbecauseofthisintrinsicvaluethatisgenerated,thearchitectmightpushadesignforwardthatdoesnotmeetupwiththeideasoftheclient.Interestingandradicalideasarenotalwaysthebestdesignsthatrepresent theclientandonecouldloseaclientbypushingadesignforward.Inthiscase,theclientbecomesameanstoanends,notanendstoitself.Itisprimarilyunfairtotheclient,toreceiveawork(whilebeingofsoundarchitectureanddesign)thatdoesnotrepresenttheirownimageandstillhastopayforthework.

Nowfrommyownviewpointsandperception,thefairnessofhiringandscreeningforcandidateswasbroughtup.Thenotionthatindividualswhohavecontactswithinafirm,whoareabletogettheirresumestotherightindividualsandessentiallygetmorefocusontheirresumeandportfolio,thefairnessofthatpracticewasbroughtintoquestion.Intheprofessionalrealm,havingacontactwithinafirmdoesmake iteasiertogetonesfootinthedoor,however,thatdoesnotmeanthattheemployerisunderanyobligationtohirethatindividual.AsChipnoted,hewouldlookmorecloselyatthatrecommendedindividualsresumeandcalltheminforaninterview,purelyasacourtesyforthecolleagueorfriend,butthelackofobligationtohirethatindividualstillstands.Nowthispracticeisacceptedmostlybecause,fromabusinessperspective,theyneedtohirethebestcandidateforthepositionwithintheleastamountoftime.Itisnoteffectiveforthebusiness,usually,tocreateabroadpostingthengothroughhundredsofapplications.Also,justonthebasiclevel,hiringanyindividualisarisktothebusiness;thatindividualmaynotbegoodattheirjob;theymaystealfromtheemployer;actunethicallyinsomeway;orpotentiallyactinawaythatlosesaclienttothebusiness.Bygettingarecommendationfromatrustedindividual,ithelpseliminatesomeoftheriskandtimeofscreeningthroughcandidatesandgoingthroughnumerousinterviews.

AfterlookingovertheethicalconductofFairnessasdescribedintheCodeofEthicsandProfessionalConductguidelinessetbytheProjectManagementInstitute,theethicalimplicationsandadherencetothisprincipleiscriticaltoafirmsbehavior,butalsolargelycommonsenseincertainaspects.Clearlyitisunethical(andillegal)todiscriminateanindividualonthebasesofgender,race,andsexualorientation,andpurelyneedtobestatedforlegalitypurposes.Ontheotherhand,theethicalactsoffairnessinthearchitectureprofessionandbusinessmarketareinitiallyhardertotheorizeandareslightlyblurredwhenapproachingfromapurelyacademicbasis.Whileafirmdoeshaveagoaltoproducearchitectureandmakemoney,it

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stillhastorunabusiness.Thefairnessofthatbusinesslargelyhastodowithhowthatindividualdecidestoruntheirbusinessandgeneratesariskofthesuccessoftheirwork.Itisnotunfairorunethicaltodesignbasedoncostofconstructionandgettingapercentageofthatworkandthusdriveupthefeeofthearchitectswork,however,thatbusinessisunlikelytosucceedinthelongrunifitdoesnotmaintainahealthyenvironmentwiththeclientsandpotentialreferredfutureclients.Thisalsoappliestohowtheindividualpushesforwardwiththeirdesigns;iftheyfacilitatetheclientmoreoriftheypushforwardwiththeirownwork.Neitherofthoseareinherentlyunethicalpractices,butnotnecessarilygoodbusinesssense.Onthesubjectofhiringhowever,thelinesoffairnessinwhoisinterviewedorwhoseresume isgivenmoreattentionisblurredfromjustapurelyacademicdebatestandpoint.Onecouldarguethateveryresumeandindividualshouldbelookedatandassessedonthesamemeritwitheachindividualhavinganequalopportunitytobehiredfortheintendedposition.However,thatisextremelydifficult,timeconsumingandnotcosteffectiveforthebusinesstogothrougheachresumewiththesamefocus.Itisslightlydisappointingthatthispracticeofgettingyourfootinthedoorissowidelyaccepted,butontheotherhand,itmakessense.Creatinganetworkofconnectionsinordertofacilitatetheeaseofgettingajobandestablishingonesvaluesandmakingthoseknowtoapotentialemployerisextremelyhelpful,butthatalsomeansthatequalopportunityisnotnecessarily100%equal.Therealsituationandinfluencesonthematterarenotpurelyblackandwhite,asacademicswouldleadonetobelieve,butaswiththerestoflifelaysomewhereintherealmofvaryingshadesofgrey.

Professional PracticeLectures

Randy GuillotDrew Ranieri

Brian LeeNatasha Krol Mauskapf

Carl D SilvaIker Gil

Geoff WaltersLaura FisherFrank WeinerDon Copper

Peter EllisAdam WhippleJohn Syversten

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Randy Guillot, AIA, LEEDPrinciapl Designer, CannonDesign6.2.2014

Buildmeaningfulrelationshipsthroughhardwork Keepyourearsopenhangoutafterworkbereadyforanything IntegrityandCharactercouldbemorevaluablethantalent Surroundyourselfwithbroadinfluencesandmentors Communicationiseverything Yourclientisyourdesignpartner Listen[tome&ignoreme] Dontexpecttheoutcome;setyourselfupfordiscovery Promoteyourstrengths Begenerousandbecourageous Thereisalwaysmorethanonerightanswer

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RandyGuillotslecturewasprimarilyfocusedonabasicthoughtsandexperiencethathehasgainedthroughouttheyearsasanarchitect.Thisculminatedmoreintoanintroductionintotheprofessionalpracticelecturesandadviceforthoseabouttostartacareerinarchitecture.Thediscussionwasnotabouttimestampsorprojectdeadlinesorhowtodealwithcertaineventsthatmightcomeupinaprojectslifetime,butratherjustaframeofmindthatoneshouldbeawareofastheygrowasanarchitect.Asheputit,thisisnotatalkaboutarchitecture;thisisatalkaboutgettingtoarchitecture.

Communicationcannotbestressedenough.Thatisprobablythemostimportantpointthatanyindividualinthefieldhastosay,thatcommunicationiskey.Communicationisthekeyforeverything;fortheproject,gettingajob,buildingclients,producingwhatistrulyneeded,etc.Abetterwaytoputitis,communicationisgod,orlifeorbloodoroxygenoranyotheranalogytosignifytheimportanceofcommunicationresidingatthepinnacleforanythinggettingdone.Communicationprobablyholdsmoresignificancethanthedesignitselfattheendofitall,becausesomuchoftheprojectdependsonthesuccessofthatdialoguebetweenclient,designer,contractor,andprojectmanager.

Whengoingintoacareer,anindividualmustbereadytothrowthemselvesoutthereandbeopentoeverythingthatcomesalong.Beasponge,lookuptothosethathaveexperience,talktothoseindividualsandlearnfromthem.Findamentor,havemorethanone,someonethatcandirectyoualongyourchosenpath.

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Drew Ranieri, AIAAssociate Principal, Solomon Cordwell Buenz (SCB)19.2.2014

Contracts Money Schedule Roles Responsibilities/Risks Scope Expectations Accountability

FourStages: SchematicDesign DesignDevelopment ConstructionDocuments ConstructionAnalysis

Risk,Responsibilities;specs,design,buildingwarranty/insurance

O.A.C.Meetings OwnerArchitectConsultants

Thedigitalworldhasheldthedesignermoreaccountable;producemore,showmore,rendermore;takingonmoreliabilityinanefforttominimizerisk

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Brian Lee, FAIADesign Partner, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)26.2.2014

ViewSOMasgenerationsofarchitects,afocusonresearchanddevelopment,innovation,andenergyefficiency Duetothelargeraspectofthecompanyandthespreadovertheworld,SOM

hasdevelopedthislargecorporationaspect(yetimpliedthatdoesntfeellikeabloatedcorporationmentality,alsoseeabovebulletpoint) Peopledontalwaysthinkalike,butcanbelikedriven UrbanBuildingsInteractionwiththecity Leverageproblems Communicatepurpose Connecttothecommunity Programs>connect HumanizetheExperience;scale,naturallight,tactilematerials,linktothe

landscape

Usingascreen,designofdetailingalsofunctionsasastructuralimportance

Theimportancetogobacklaterafteraprojectisdonetoseehowitturnedout,doesitreallylookhowitwasenvisioned,howitwasrendered,iseverythingconveyedproperly.

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Natasha Krol MauskapfMcKinsey & Company5.3.2014

Recordingthoughts,views,breakingassumptions Psychology&neuroscienceofspace Whatistheproblem?Whoareyoudesigningitfor?Whatisthebestwaythey

willreceiveit? facilitatecollaborativethinking youthinkabouthowyouthink

Communication Starttalkingtotheangriestpeoplefirst(usuallyasignofpassion)[appliesmore

toNatashaspersonaljobcriteria] learning-by-doingenvironment itsonethingtobepolite&open,itsanothertobeempathetic

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NatashaMauskapfslecturestartedoffwithaquickexerciseofmakingarecordingofoneofthesurroundingblocks;nolimitations,nosetwayofmakingtherecording,justgoanddo.Itwasmoreacommentaryonhowweasdesignersandarchitectsaretrainedtotakeasimpleideaorpropositionandcreatesomethingwithoutneededguidelinesordirectionsimposedonus.Therestofthelecturefocusednotondesignoranythingparticularlyrelatedtoarchitectureingeneral,butratherjusthowtoengagepeople.Sowhileitmightnothavebeenaboutarchitectureandhow todealwithacontract,butgenerallyjusthowtointeractwithindividualsandsettingupanenvironmenttogetthingsaccomplished.AsNatashanoted,inasituationwhereyouwishtobringaboutmajorchange,firsttalktotheangriestpersonintheroom,sincetheywillhavethemostpassionaboutmakingthatchange.

Inaway,thisturnedintoanothercommunicationiskeylectures.However,thelecturewentbeyondjustbeingabletotalktoanindividual,butratherjusthowtocreateanetworkand workingdialoguewithsomeone.Sincearchitectureisstartingtobecomemoreofaprofessionofurbanengagement,masterplanning,urbanplanning,andcommunitydevelopment,wehavetoengageindividualsonabroaderscale,ratherthansimplyproducingalimitedconfinementofspace.Ibelievethatcertainindividualsinarchitecturearebecomingmoreinvolvedwithurbandevelopment,andthatarchitectureisnotjustlimitedtoasinglebuildingonalandscapebutchangingtheentirelandscapeasawhole.Iguessinsomepartthatisunavoidable,asmuchassomebelievethatarchitecturedoesntnecessarilyneedtosomesavetheworldvanityproject,atsomecorelevel,wedefinethestatusofoursocietybyourarchitecture.Forexample,thebestwayforfilmmakerstoexpressafuturisticenvironmentistohavefuturisticandradicalarchitecture,andthatarchitectureexpressesachangeinsocietyslifestyle.Asridiculousasitsounds,atsomepointarchitectswillhavetoengageindividualsbeyondourbuildingsanddefinewhatsocietyandinteractionswillbelikeinthefuture.Architectswilldefinethefuture,oratleastdesignit.

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Carl D Silvia, AIAPrincipal Architect, Vice President, JAHN6.3.2014

BangkokInternationalAirport,PassengerTerminalComplex,94DesignCompetition Heavyinternationalpoliticsinfluencedthespeedanddurationoftheproject Modernairportdesignsallhaveparallelrunwayssincejetenginesplanesarent

asdependentonthedirectionofthewindaspreviouspropellerplanes Sogofordumb,richclients

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Thislecturecameacrossmoreasabuildingconstructionlecture,thanmoreofaprofessionalpracticelecture,focusingmoreonanexampleofarchitecture(TheBangkokInternationalAirport)andthedetailsandstagesoftheconstructionprocessthroughoutthatproject.However,certainthingscanbenoted,suchastheinteractionofthoseinvolvedwithinaproject.Commonly,thereisatriagebetweenanowner,designer,andcontractor,thatallhavetointeractthroughaprojectmanager.However,therearelimitationstothatinteraction,suchaseverythinggoingthroughonedirectindividual,thespeedatwhichthatisconveyed,certainredtape,requestforinformation,etc.Thisalsodependsprimarilyonthescopeofthecontractbetweentheseindividualsandanyflexibilityitallows.Also,onmoreofajokingmatter,itisbettertogofordumb,richclients.Thismeansclientsthathavemoneytospendanddonothaveafullunderstandingofthedesignprocessoramajorconcernfortheproducedarchitecture,butarejustproducingsomethingforproductionsake.Thisallowsthedesignerthemostamountsoffreedomandexpressionthatmightnotalwaysbepossiblewiththeusualclient.Forexample,withtheBangkokTerminal,itisextremelyunlikelythatitwouldhaveeverbeenallowedtobeconstructedintheUnitedStates,asitwouldhavebeenshotdownforpricinglongbefore.

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Iker GilMas Studio17.3.2014

Scaleofarchitectureandcity[building&urbanplanning] Whatassetsdocertaincitieshave? Smallerspacecommonwithinalargernetwork Noteverythingislinear Doingthingsthatyoufindinterestingasprimarydrivingfactor

Projects MasContext,Quarterlypublication Smallscalegardenobject

Providetheidea/framework,evenifprogram/contextislimited Cheapplywoodsheetmaterial

Pedwayintervening/mapping Dontneedtoimmediatelylabeleverything,justanidea,diagramsandsets

ofimages Newspaperasmostdomesticitems Someonemakesfunofsomething,embraceit MarinaCityphotographyexhibition Dothingsthatmaynothaveanimmediateoutcome,itwillfinditsway Ifyouwanttodothings,itwillbefiguredout

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Geoff Walters, AIA, LEEDDirector of Quality, Standards Development, CannonDesign18.3.2014

TechnicalDetails Process,performance,detailing,documentation,buildingsystems,delivery

Buildingperformanceexpectationsneedtobeengagedwiththeclientearlyon;acoustic,durability,healthcare,etc.

Earlydialoguesusuallyneedtobebroughtupbythedesigner Oldergenerationmassivebuilding,soincrediblyenergyinefficientthatituses

morenetenergythantransportation(?) Architecture2030challengepathtonetzeroby2030,energyreduction,

CBECs;2015,70%reductiongoal Envelopeimpact,userinterfacebroadercomfortrange

Thesearentissueforaprofession;theseareissuesforasociety Howtodesignanetzero

Fundamentally,form,massing,siteorientation,openings,etc. Needtostartenergymodelingallprojects;codesareabitoutdated

ArticlebyNASAonfutureeffectsofincomeequalityandnetzeroandotherswillleadtocivilizationcollapseindecades Findmentors,resources,somuchwhichwillhavetobecontinuouslylearned

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GeoffWaltersprofessionalfocusandviewpointsonexistingarchitecturestruckmeatdifferentlevelsandsortofcreatedsomemixedthoughtstowardsit.Ononehand,Iamanindividualwhoisalwaysdrawntowardsthedetails,theprocess,andthesmallnuancesofaproject.So,thefactthatWaltersunderstandstheimportanceofabuildingsperformanceandcreatingthatearlydialogueearlyon,Ifindextremelysatisfyingandcompelling.BuildingsshouldbeabletoperformasintendedandIbelievethattheprofessionisstartingtomovetowardsapathwherebuildingsandarchitecturalsystemsarebecomingmoreversatile,doingmorethaneverbefore.Housesarebecomingsmarter.Ontheotherhand,WaltersispartofCannonDesigndedicatedtowardsenergyefficiencyandnetzero.

Architecturethatisslatedtowardsnetzero,greenhouses,energyefficiency,isagreyareaformeinthefocusofdesign.Idobelieveonsomelevelthatasasocietywehavetodesignmoreefficiently,ourbuildingscannotbewasteful,mustbenefittheenvironment(bothnaturalandphysical),andshouldbecomehealthierplacesinavarietyofways.However,thisoutlook/designfocusfornewarchitectureseemstocomeacrossasmoreofabusinessstrategy,tocreatebuildingsthatareenergyefficient,justforthesakeofcreatingsuchbuildings.Attimesitalmostsoundslikethedrivingfactorofthesebuildingstocreateandtestoutanewgreen-technologyandoftentimesIwonderifthebuildingisreallyarchitecture.Now,Iknowthathalfofthatthoughtprocessiscompletelyridiculous;creatingbuildingsnotforarchitecture/programsake,butratherforbusinessenergyefficiencysake.Itisridiculous,whichiswhyImtalkingnotaboutthebuilding,butthedrivingidea,theideabehindthebuildingiswhatIquestion.Ifcoreideaoftheprojectseemstobetheadaptationandexpansionofagreenidea,notsomeotherprecedent,doesthatmakethebuildingarchitecture?

InaninterviewwithCarlDSilvaofJAHN(SeeProfessionalPracticeInterviewSection),thisnet-zerofocuswasbroughtintoquestion,astotheimportanceofnewzero/energyreduction/ASHRAE/LEEDinJAHNspractice.Thereitwasnotedthatthisideaofenergyreductiondoesnotmakeupanentiredepartmentintheirfirm,nordotheyfollowsomelong-term2030challenge.Forthem,itisnotsomuchtheactofcreatinganetzerobuilding,ornewgreentechnologyorguidelines,butratherjustknowingthefundamentalprinciplesofefficientdesignandalreadyimplementingthoseprinciplesintheinitialdesignstages.Theprojectstheycreatearenotgreendriven,butratheraredrivenbyadesignideathatintelligentlyincorporatesgreenelements.Nowgranted,IdonotknowenoughaboutCannonsdesignprocess,

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especiallyinthatparticulardepartment,noranyofthefirmsgeneralpracticestandards.WhatIammerelypointingoutisthisideaandquestionofhowimportantgreen-technologyshouldbeinthedrivingforceforanarchitecturaldesign.Ibelievethatitisbettertounderstandbasicenergyefficiencyprinciples,understandinglayout,site,context,andifitispossibletoincorporatevariousmethodsofgreendesign,thenoneshoulddoso,butIammerelyskepticalonthisideathataprojectisenhancedandelevatedbyincorporatedgreendesign.Atowershouldbesignificantbecauseitisanarchitecturalpieceandshouldnotbeexpressedasasalespitchduetonewlow-Ecoatedwindowsandvariableenvironmentalcontrols.

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Laura Fisher, FAIA26.3.2014

alternativecareersrangeofthingsthannormal WentfromArchitecttoCorporateRealEstatetoInteriorDesign;bank

management/bidding,rezoning Knowwhentogetridofindividualsonacontractteamwhentheyclearlydont

knowwhattheyaredoing Oldofficereuse;lackofbeinguptocode,simplereusewouldbeanissue,;

changeinworkpracticesover20years,morecollaborationvs.privateoffice Onceyoufigurehowwellsomethingworks;reuse&adjust Figureoutwhatyourskillsetis Knowthevalueofyourservices Presentingyourself:

Looktotheleaders,notnecessarilyyourpeers Representthefirmtotheclient Professionalbehavior Getyournamearound[maybeaprofessional/personalwebsite] prepared,performed,assisted

CareerFolder Keeptrackofparticularthings,work,eventsoranythingthatmaybebrought

backup Talks,oldworkatfirms,committees

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LauraFisherbeganthislecturestatingthatthefollowingwouldadifferenttypeoflecture,primarilyimplyingwhataBachelorofArchitecturedegreeoffersbeyondjustworkingatanarchitecturalfirm.Itwasnotadirectlistofalternativecareers,butratherjustanexamofhowonecanprogressfrompositiontopositionthroughouttheyears.FishertrainedasanArchitect,butsteadilymovedthroughInteriorDesign,CorporateRealEstate,andBankManagement,sometimesjustbyhowconnectionsweremadeandwhatbecameavailable.Thepointthatitwasnotthedegreethatenablesanindividualtotakeonthisrangeoffields,butratherknowingwhatskillsanindividualhaslearnedorinherentlyhasandknowinghowtocapitalizeonthoseskills.

Especiallyasoflate,IhavewonderedwhatIwoulddowithmyfuturecareerifIdidnotworkasanarchitect,whatskillsIhavepickedupthatIcoulduse.Graphicdesign,carpentry,furnituredesign,orindustrialdesignareallfieldsthatIhaveconsideredatsomepointintimethatIwouldbeperfectlyhappybeinginforanextendedperiodoftime.Forme,thereisnotanythingdifferentfromdesigningahouse,boat,chair,orhand-heldobject,onlythescaleoftheprojectinthecontexttothehumanelement.AslongasIamdoingsomethingdesignrelatedIfeelthatIwillfindenjoymentandgratificationinmywork.Icouldspendallmytimeinawoodshopandcoveredinsawdust,workingondetailingatableandchairset,butaslongasIwasabletospendmytimesketching,makingdrawings,workingoutdetailsonhowitallfitstogether,Iwouldbehappy(notcaringaboutmoneyatthetimeobviously).Oureducationforourdegreeisnotsolelyfocusedonlyknowinghowtodesignbuildings,itsreallyaboutknowingdesigningeneralandhowtolookandthinkdifferentthanthenorm.Ifweunderstandourowncapabilities,wecanapplyourskillstoavarietyofdifferentfieldsandchoosesomeothercareerpathifnecessary.

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Carl D Silvia, AIAPrincipal Architect, Vice President, JAHN26.3.2014

Site/Context>Programming>Planning>Detailing Analyzing > Designing Whatareyoutryingtodo?

pitfallofagreenfieldsite,goingoffonsomeidea/tangent,hardtoworkyourwayback

TheLouvre,thevariousadditions,add-onsandexpansions Beforebeginningsiteanalysis,havinganideaofwhatyouwanttofocuson,

whatareyoulookingat,whatistheeffectofthatanalysis;whatisthere? Havingaclearlogic Beingclearinhowyourideasmanifestintophysicalform Beingabletoexplainaprojectin20-30secondsorjustacoupleslides;clarity

ofpresentations

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Generallyspeaking,thedesignprocessgoesfromthesite/context,toprogramdevelopment,toplanning,andendingatfinaldetailing.Thiscanbeputmoresimplyasagradualcontinuousprocessofanalyzingtodesigning.Formostofthetime,thisishowdesignprojectsareapproached;asiteisgiven,aprogramisestablished,roughplansandsectionsarecreated,andthenfinaldetailingandconstructiondocumentsarecompleted.Throughoutthisprocess,thedesignergoesthroughvariousanalysisofthesiteandoncetheyaccumulateenoughinformation,thentheyswitchintodesign.Therearelimitationsandbenefitsofthatlinearprocess,boththatarearguedconsistentlyintheeducationalrealm,soIwillsimplystatethatatsomepointadecisionhastobemadeandlineshavetobedrawn.

Whatareyoutryingtodo?isasimpleyethorriblycomplexquestionthatalwaysseemstoleavetheindividualaskingcompletelyunsatisfiednomatterwhatissaid.Thebiggestissuewithhavingaperfectoridealorblankslatesiteisthatthedesignermightgooffonsomerandomideaandoftentimesitishardtofindtheirwaybacktoaconcretenotionofwhattheyaretryingtodo.ByhavingaSandboxdesignspace,sometimesitishardertoconveythepurposeandpointofthedesign,becausedesignfordesignssakeisapparentlynotenough.Itisstrangetonoticethatbyhavingasituationperfectofdesign,exploration,andessentiallyaspacewithoutlimitationsisalwaysmetbytheconfinesthatitistobesomethingbeyondthevisualesthetics.

Thisjustcomesdowntothesimplefactof:knowwhatyouaredoing.Knowthepurpose,placement,incentives,constructs,andlimitationsofthedesign.Thedesignshouldhavesomeinherentlogicbehindit;somethinggivingaclearindicationonitcameabout.Thedesignshouldbeabletobeexplainedquicklyandclearlywithinafewshortsentencesanddirectlytothepoint.Inessence,thedesignsimplyneedstoactuallyhaveanideabehindit,toknowwhatthatideais,andhowthatideaisrepresentedtoavoidconfusion.Inmyownopinion,ifittakesmorethanaminutetostatewhattheideaisbehindtheproject,theindividualactuallyhasnoideawhattheprojectisorwhattheyaredoing.

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Frank WeinerVirginia Tech Professor of Architecture1.4.2014

Fundament&Firmament

Pearls;takesabout7-8yearsforeachpearltoform,butunlikeadiamond,onceitiscreated,itisdone,itisnotshinedandpolished

SanIvoalleSapienza,Roma;Borromini Sapienza;wisdom Knowledgevs.Wisdom,TheBaroque Atlas(Greekmythology);talent;howmuchyoucanbear remembertolookupbutwhenyoulookup,youcansometimesfallintoa

hole Forcesofsocietycauseustolookatordown,andarchitecturealways

supposedtocauseustolookup,thereisadisconnect/issue

Pedagogy[ped-a-go-gy]n.Themethodandpracticeofteaching,esp.asanacademicsubjectortheoreticalconcept

Perceptionisasensethathasbeenintellectualizedandhistorized Sense-awillfulactofreachingtowardsomething;onlypartiallyfulfilled Processdestroyssense canonlysensewhatyoulove

Black=Details,Section;White=Space,Plan Stilllife;naturamorta(il.)

EquilateralTriangleGods ScaleneTriangleMan IsoscelesTriangleDemigods --PlutarchsTheObsolescenceofOracles

Foundationistheclarifyingmomentofthefloorplan,somuchsimplerthantheplanthatisclearsoutthemindinthehassleoftheplan Flatnessvs.Curvatureandtheovergeneralizationofboth Knowledgeresisttrivialchangeandmorecomfortableintherealmofgeneralities

anduniversals

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Don CooperPrincipal Architect, GREC17.4.2014

AceHotelLosAngeles AdaptivereuselandmarkbuildinginolddowntownLA Live-Workrezoning;retailandnewhotels Theateratbaselevel1972,foundedbyUnitedArtistslikeCharlieChaplin&

officebuildingtopper Convertedintohotel,restaurant,lobby,conferencespacewhilekeepingand

renovatingthetheater Addedconcreteframeonexteriorwallstosupportlateralloadsduetonew

seismiccodes BuildingoverseenbyCity,State,andFederalLandmarkBuildingCodes;planes

hadtobecheckwitheachlevelofcode Site/Context---FloorPlans---BuildingSectionsandElevations---Enlarged

Plans---Calledout/ReferenceDetails---Schedules&Inventory AsArchitectswearejustarticulatingsomethingthateveryonealreadyknows

artisticallyandtechnicallywearemoreconscientiousofit Everymistakecostssomebodysomething Disclaimerthatthearchitectisnotresponsible/haveanycontrolover

constructioncosts;laborcosts,economyflux,rawmaterialprices,shipping

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Peter Ellis, FAIALead Designer, City Design, CannonDesign22.4.2014

BeginningwithIndiaProject+spawnedoffintodesignbranch Blankcanvasvs.existingcityconstructs&conditionsasapplicabletofuture

changingconditions[sustainability,climatechange,etc.] 21stcenturymeets2,000B.C.land urbanspongenetworkofconnectedparkstocollectrainfallduringmonsoon

season openspacethatstructuresthecity 120degrees6monthsoftheyear;havetodesignthecityinfavorofthesun Bettertohavemany,smallerroadsclosertogetherthanlargerroadsspaced

apart Decentralizedutilitynetworklocatedintheneighborhoodsbettersupportthecity

thanfromonelocationmilesandmilesaway

ChangingAmericanCities: Transforminginfrastructuregradually Collectingstormwaterongrade Stitchtogethereverybitofabandoned/vacantlandandcreateanurban

space Natureisthenewcityinfrastructure[notsci-fithemed] ForChicago:takeeveryblock/4streetsandcreatewiththisgreengrid Eachtechniqueisbeingdoneinatleastonecity,butnotonecityhas

stitchedthemtogetherintooneurbanplan Developapublicconsciousness

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PeterEllisshouldprobablyredesigneverycitymasterplanforthefuturebecausehe actuallyunderstandswhatneedstobedone.Asarace,wehaveturnedtheactualnaturalforest/jungleinthelargelyclichanddeadurban/concretejungle.However,itiscompletelytrue,greenspaceisallbuteradicatedformostofacityplan.Ofcoursethereisalwayssomeordinancecodethattheremustbeadesignatedgreenspaceeverysomanyblocks,butrealisticallythebasichighrisecitycouldbedescribedaslivinginaprehistoriccarvedoutcaveofrockandstone.Butbacktothelecture

Therewasaconversationmomentarilygeneratedaboutthefutureofacityisalwaysportrayedasheavilyinfluencedbysciencefiction.Acityofglimmeringlights,cleanstreets,flyingcars,whitebuildings,butonlyevercontainsasubtlehintofgreenspaces.Forsomereasonitiseasierforustoimagineartificialspacesthanmanagingnaturalones.IagreewithPeterEllisthough,thatthefutureofcityplanningwillhaveanatureandgreenspaceasthenewinfrastructure.Ontheotherhand,Ialsobelievethatthemoreweallowthelandtoberecoveredbynature,themorewewillextendcitiesmoredownwardundertheground.

EllissproposalsdostriveforahealthiercityscapeandatsomepointIbelievearadicalshiftincityplanningwilloccur.Thenatureandcauseofthatradicalshiftissomewhatmoreofanuncertainty,butonecouldtheorizethattopushthemassesintosuchachangewouldalmostbeonthebrinkofcatastrophe.Radicalcausesbringuponradicalchanges.

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Adam Whipple, AIA23.4.2014

ProjectManagement&theBroadenedFiledofArchitecture

Skills: ProblemSolving;PresentationandCommunicationSkills;Coordination;

Breakdowncomplextasks;Spatialunderstanding;Designandcreativity;Broadtraininginmultiplefields

ProjectManagementScienceoforganizingthepartsofaproject;defining,planning,organizing,etc. Inarchitecture,responsibleforprojectdelivery,schedule,budge Inasmallerfirm,PMGmoreintegratedindesignandtechnicalcoordinationvs.

largefirmcompartmentalization RangeofresponsibilitiesforthePMcanvaryforeachproject;canbepotentially

veryhands-onbutsometimescanonlybelimitedtocoordination,schedulesandbidding

DesignThinkingifthearchitecturaldegreeisworthless,whyarealltheseothercompaniestakingthewaythatarchitectsthinkintotheirprojects?

ArchitecturePracticecanbleedoutintootherfieldsandsubstrates;RealEstate,Government,Construction,Engineering

Professionalcodeofethics Interestinprotectingpublicwelfare Interestinpromotingpublicdomain

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Anarchitecturedegreehasbeenregardforsometimenowasbeingworthless,almostbelowLiberalArts.Societydevelopmentaside,adegreeinarchitectureofferssomuchmorethanitisaccredited.Asstudents,welearnavarietyofcriticalskillsthatcanbeappliedtootherfields.Weknowhowtopresentandcommunicateourideas,managingourtime,coordinatingtasks,design,andmanyofustrytobeanactualEnlightenedIndividualandhaveskillsandknowledgemultiplefields.ThesefieldscanbeRealEstate,Government,Construction,Engineering,ProjectManagementorjustgeneraldesignwork.

Thishasbeenthesecondorthirdlecturethathastakenplacethattriestoapplythedegreeofarchitecturetoanotherfield.Partofmedoesbelieveitispossibletoswitchintoanotherfieldwithouthavingtogothroughanentireprocessofgettinganewdegree,butatthesametimepartofmedoubtsthesuccessofthis.Idonotbelieveitisentirelyimpossible,butIwouldsaythedifficultyintransferringintoadifferentfieldistheabilitytoconvinceanemployerthatonecontainsthosenecessaryskills.Itseemstodaythatemployersaremoreconcernedabouthavinganindividualthatsatisfiesaspecificchecklistandanyoneoutsidethatlistisautomaticallyexcluded.Riskistoomuchtoaskfor.Chancesarehardertocomeby.Ifanindividualistryingtochangeoutoftheirdegree,itisaneffortthattheymighthavetototallydevotetheirenergytowardthatgoal.However,itispossible,butthereisanunderstandingthattherehastobesomeonewillingtomakethatrisk.

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John Syversten, FAIA, LEEDSenior Principal, CannonDesign30.4.2014

Inchargeoftheadvancementofurbanandsocialsustainability Connectmultiplepeopletoopportunities;legacyofimprovingpeopleslives Bringattentiontothepowerofdesigninordertoimpact&improvepeoples

livesandwellbeing;DepartmentofGood FordFoundation;1%Program(probonowork);Brownsville,TX,citydecay

duetosocialandeconomiccollapseprimarilyduetoneighboringtownsandsafetyfactors;MasterPlannersforUniversityofTexasBrownsvilleCampus;projectthatbeginaspuregenerosityleadstotrust Dreamofgettingcommunitiesinvolved,cultureoftheoffice;environmental

laboratory Risk=valueofwork Rewardasquiet&profound;humble;humility J.B.Jackson,HarvardProfessor,howtheinventionofbarbedwirechanged

theAmericanlandscape;howtoseemovingthroughaplace;beautyderivesfromhumanpresense Influences:Team10,AldovanEyck;LouisKahn;MyStrugglebyKarlOve

Knausgard;JohnAdamsbyDavidMcCullough;TeamofRivalsbyDorisKearnsGoodwin

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The responseforthislecturewasphrasedmuchdifferentlythantheotherlectures.Insteadofwritingasimpleresponse,forthislecturethepremiseisbasedonifyouweretogivethislectureatthepinnacleofyourcareer,wherewouldyouseeyourself/whatwouldyoutalkabout.Sohereitgoes

Letssetthedateatleast20yearsfromnow,Iwouldbeabout45,wouldhavebeenalicensedarchitectforatleasthalfofthattime,knowledgeandexperiencewouldhavehopefullygrownsignificantlyatthispoint.AtonetimeIwouldhavethoughtaboutcreatingmyownfirm,ofbeingabletomakemyownschedule,manageaproject,andmakemyscarupontheworld.Nowhowever,thatglimmerofmakingmyownbusinessseemsalittletoostressfulrightnow;itcouldbepossible,butImightnotsureifitisabsolutelynecessaryasitoncewas.Istillwishtobealicensedarchitectthough,thatisstillagoal.

ForthelectureitselfandwhatgetssaidIwouldtalkaboutmyprocessofhowIendedupgettingtowhereIam,whereIendedupworkingandwhatIamcurrentlyfocusingon.Themostimportantfocusofthelecturewillbetheprocessofwhatmythoughtswhereaboutlifeandarchitectureandmycareerovertheyears.IhavealwaysbeenmoreinterestedintheintimateprocessofthingsratherthanthebulletlistfromAtoG.IhavebeenkeepinganelectronicjournalforyearsandIhopethatIwillcontinuetouseitmoreoften,writingdownnotjustmymentalstateandthoughtsatthetime,butmyplansforthefuture,quotesofconversationsthataresaid,specialmomentstoremember,thingsofthatnature.Butmostly,Iwanttobeabletotalktothestudentsonalevelthattheycouldeasilyunderstand;talktothemaboutwhatwasgoingthroughmymind20yearsbefore,andwherethatchangedanddeveloped.Mostofthetimewhenaprofessionalgivesalecture,theyalwaystalkabouttheconclusionsthattheyhavecometoatthismomentbutrarelytheirthoughtsfromwhentheywereastudentandhowtheysawthefuture.Itislikegivingtheanswertoanequation,withouthavinganyconcreteunderstandingonhowtheanswerisreached.Itispossiblethattheydonottellustheprocessofhowtheyfoundtheirownanswerbecausetheywantustofindourownprocessforourselves.Thatwouldbetoohorriblysimple.

Sotoanswertheothersideofthequestion,whatdoIwanttobedoingwithmycareerbythatpoint.Honestly,partofmestillisnotsure.Istilllikefocusingonthedetailsandcreatingthefocusandimportanceonthosedetails.Iviewthehumanscaleastobeasintimateaspossible;itisimmediatetouchandtextureandsight;

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itisspacejustwithinreach(orjustbarelyoutofreach).Asoneprogressesinarchitecturehowever,thegreateryoubecomeandthemoreresponsibilitiesthatyoutakeon,theharderitistobeablesitdownandworkonthoseintimatedrawings.IwouldliketobeabletofindabalancebetweenfocusingonthepartsofadesignthatIenjoyandnotjustbeingaCADmonkeythatspendsallthetimecrunchingoutdrawings.Iwouldliketobeabletosketch,makehanddrawingsandintricatephysicalmodels.IwanttobeabletofeellikeIhavedoneasufficientamountofworkinadesignandnotsimplydotheschematic/idealisticworkforitandsimplypassofftherestoftheprojecttosomeoneelse.Twentyyearsfromnow,Istillwanttobegettingmyhandsdirty.

Chicago StudioRadical Conjectures

Chinatown IslandMegaBLOCK

SensesCermak Context

Redmoon Theater

Con

jectures

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Conjecture #1: Chinatown Island

Con

jectures

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Ao

W Cermak Rd

S Arch

er Av

e

S Wentw

orth Avvvve

A damping wave from a linear source wrapped back on itself and focused inward. Like a water drop on a pond, crashing in on itself from the rim then rippling back outward.

Con

jectures

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Conjecture #2: MegaBLOCK

DysonSphere,ahypotheticalmegastructureoriginallytheorizedbyFreedmanDyson.Asystemoforbitingsolar-powersatellitesmeanttocompletelyencompassastarandcapturemost,ifnotall,ofitsenergyoutput.

DysonSwarm-alargenumberofindependentconstructsorbitinginadenseformationaroundthestar;componentssizedappropriatelyandconsructredincrementally

DysanRing-SimplestformofDysonSwarm,orbitis1AUinradius

Con

jectures

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Con

jectures

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Conjecture #3: Senses

Acartographersworkshopinspiredbythesenseoftouch,butnotintheliteralsense,ratherthesightofthesenseoftouch.TherubbingsaboveweretakenononesurfaceofeachbuildingalongthenorthsideofCermakRoad,fromSouthDamenAvetoMcCormickPlace.

Con

jectures

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1 ft 20 ftN

N

2

3

4

KEY1 MAGNETIC 2 WORK3 CATALOG4 PROJECT5 SORT6 SIT

1

5

6

Con

jectures

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Conjecture #4: Cermak Context

Pilsen

Chinatown

Near South Side/ Bronzeville

Douglas

South Loop

Prairie District

BridgeportMcKinley Park

Industrial Corridor

Con

jectures

page 75 of 114

Pilsen

Chinatown

Near South Side/ Bronzeville

Douglas

South Loop

Prairie District

BridgeportMcKinley Park

Industrial Corridor

Redm

oon

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LastofMySpecies:TheFearlessSongsofLaarnaCortaan(2009)Sink.Sank.Sunk...(2004)

AstronautsBirthday(2010)

Redm

oon

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UrbanInterventions(2012) Boneshaker(2012)

Redm

oon

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Redm

oon

page 79 of 114

Redm

oon

page 80 of 114

Redm

oon

page 81 of 114

Redm

oon

page82of114

Redm

oon

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Redm

oon

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Cedric Price, Fun Palace

Redm

oon

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Redm

oon

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ConradRoland,Drawingofanexhibitionhallwithfloatinglevels,1963

RichardRogersandRenzoPiano.Auca.331977:41

Redm

oon

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Redm

oon

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RedmoonWarehouseSketch#1,4.3.2014

RedmoonWarehouseSketch#2,13.3.2014

Redm

oon

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EXTERNAL DEPLOYMENTDAY-TO-DAY

production

storage

performance

production

performance

production

storage production

CURRENT SPECTACLES

OBJECT MAKE DAY

FUTURE SPECTACLES

Redm

oon

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Redm

oon

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20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 22 ft.

308 ft.

182 ft.

156 ft. 152 ft.

157 ft.

2

2 2010

2

34

5

6

1

1. West Hall - used by Redmoon for storage, performance and production. Also used for outreach programs and as rentable space.

2. Spectacle Hall - performance space.

3. Wood Shop - used for production of sets and props, and storage/auxiliary functions for performances.

4. Metal Shop - used for production of sets and props, and storage/auxiliary functions for performances.

5. Water Closet

6. Office - houses the day-to-day administrative functions of the theater.

20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 22 ft.

182 ft.

308 ft.

156 ft. 152 ft.

157 ft.

2

2 2010

2

34

5

6

1

77





5. Water Closet


7. Catwalk - used as a VIP lounge during events.

ExistingFirstFloorPlan

ExistingSecondFloorPlan

Redm

oon

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20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 22 ft.

182 ft.

308 ft.

156 ft. 152 ft.

157 ft.

2

2 2010

11111

22

3344

5

66





5. Water Closet


1 5 100

ExistingStructurePlan

Redm

oon

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CONTRAPTIONIZED ENVIRONMENTephemeral spatial conditions

Redm

oon

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20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 22 ft.

182 ft.

308 ft.

156 ft. 152 ft.

157 ft.

2

2 2010

1

2

34

5

6





5. Water Closet


20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 22 ft.

182 ft.

308 ft.

156 ft. 152 ft.

157 ft.

2

2 2010

1

2

34

55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555

6





5. Water Closet


7. Catwalk - used as a VIP lounge during events.

8. Platforms - each individually adustable to allow for dynamic performances, as well as out of the way storage or spatial elements for dening smaller rooms within the large hall.

9. Elevated Bar - Fixed platforms above W/C used as a bar or incorporated into performances.

77

8

9

ProposedGroundFloorPlan

ProposedLowerStructurePlan

Redm

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20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 22 ft.

182 ft.

308 ft.

156 ft. 152 ft.

157 ft.

2

2 2010

11111111111111111111

22

3344

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5. Water Closet


ProposedUpperStructurePlan

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VariableProgramUsage

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Redm

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ProposedBathroomPlatforms

ProposedBathroomPlatforms,Mid-LineSection

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PILSEN CHINATOWN

MOTORROW

MCCORMICKPLACE

temporarysignage

TemporaryExternalSignage

InternalGeneration-ExteriorDeployment-InternalRegeneration

PhotographyRedmoon

Guthrie TheatreChrist Church Lutheran

Harley-Davidson MuseumMilwaukee Art Museum

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Chicago Studio Spring 2014 - John Sturniolo

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