Chemistry of life
Transcript of Chemistry of life
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Cornell Notes
1. Title it Chemistry of Life Study Guide.2. On the right side of the page write your
notes. 3. On the left side write topic headings. 4. On the bottom section of each page you will
take add a summary after re-reading the notes you wrote.
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Elements• Pure substances• Have only ONE type of atom• Composed of:
– Protons (+)– Electrons (-)– Neutrons (0)
• Examples:
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What 4 elements are most present in
organisms?
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Composition of Elements• Protons and
neutrons in the nucleus
• Electrons in shells outside the nucleus
• 1st shell needs 2 electrons to be full
• Outer shells need 8 electrons to be full
Bohr Model
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Atomic Number• Atomic # = # protons
• Also = # electrons
• Ex. Lithium has 3 protons and 3 electrons
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Molecule or Compound?• A molecule is formed when two or more
atoms join together chemically.• A compound is a molecule that contains at
least two different elements. • All compounds are molecules but not all
molecules are compounds.Molecule
or Compoun
d?
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Pictures of Compounds
WaterH2O
GlucoseC6H12O6
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Macromolecules• Macromolecule means LARGE molecule
• Carbohydrates – sugars and starches C, H, O
• Lipids – fats and oils C, H, O
• Proteins – muscle and enzymes C, H, O, N
• Nucleic acids – DNA and RNA C, H, O, N, PWhy do you eat food?For raw materials to build and energy!
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Carbohydrates
• Made up of C,H,O• Biological Function: source of energy• Examples: sugar, rice, bread,
potatoes• Monomer: monosaccharide
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Lipids
• Made of C,H,O
• Biological Function: Store energy
• Biological examples: wax, oil, butter.
• Monomer: 1 glycerol
and 3 fatty acids
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Proteins
• Made of C,H,O,N
• Biological function: Building and repairing cells, metabolism: speeds up or slows down chemical reactions
• Biological example: meat/muscle, hair, nails, enzymes
• Monomer: amino acid
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Enzymes• Proteins that speed up chemical
reactions in the cell (catalysts).
• Catabolism - breaking molecules
• Anabolism – making molecules
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Nucleic Acids
• Made of C,H,O,N,P• Biological Function: Information called
genes, determines physical appearance
• Biological Example: DNA, RNA, ATP• Monomer: nucleotides
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So how do molecules (chemistry)
become life (biology)?
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Who can tell me what you’re made of?
• Carbohydrates – sugars CHO
• Lipids – fats CHO
• Proteins – muscle, hair, and enzymes CHON
• Nucleic Acids – DNA, RNA, ATP CHONP
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Cornell NotesNow:
A.Read the notes you wroteB.Add Topic Headings in the Left
Margin C.Add a summary to the bottom of
each page
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Review Time!!!
Fill in the Macromolecule
Graphic Organizer (you may get help
from your neighbor)