Chemistry Chapter 1 - Mrs. Campos' Science...
Transcript of Chemistry Chapter 1 - Mrs. Campos' Science...
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Chemistry
Chapter 1.2Describing Matter
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Objectives
Identify physical properties and physical
changes
Identify chemical properties and chemical
changes
Define - mass, volume, and weight
SI units
SI prefixes
Ladder method
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Properties of Matter
Physical Property – Can be
observed/measured without changing the
chemical composition of the substance.
Examples?
Water boiling Iron melting
Gallium
melting
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Properties of Matter
Physical Change - a change that does not
affect the chemical composition of a
substance.
Examples???
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Properties of Matter
Chemical Properties observed when
the chemical composition of a
substance is changed.
Examples???
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Properties of Matter
Chemical Change - a change that alters the
chemical composition of a substance.
What are some indicators that a chemical
change took place???
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Properties of Matter
Matter – Anything with mass and volume
Volume - The space matter occupies
Common units – cm3, mL, m3, L
Mass - The quantity of matter
Common units – g, kg
Weight - Weight is defined as the force
of gravity acting on an object.
If you took a trip to the moon, would it
be more accurate to measure your mass
or your weight?
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Units of Measurement
Scientists Use SI Units. The following are the SI Base Units we will use the most in Chemistry.
Volume V Liter L
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Derived Units
Units made up of more than one unit
are called derived units.
Examples?
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SI Prefixes
SI Prefixes are useful when measuring
really large or really small quantities.
Micro- µ 10-6 1/1,000,000 1 micrometer (µm) = 0.000001 m
Nano- n 10-9 1/1,000,000,000 1 nanometer (nm) = 0.000000001 m
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KILO
1000
UnitsHECTO
100
Units
DEKA
10
UnitsDECI
0.1
UnitCENTI
0.01
UnitMILLI
0.001
Unit
Meters
Liters
Grams
Ladder Method
How do you use the “ladder” method?
1st – Determine your starting point.
2nd – Count the “jumps” to your ending point.
3rd – Move the decimal the same number of
jumps in the same direction.
4 km = _________ m
1
23
How many jumps does it take?
Starting Point Ending Point
4.1
__.2
__.3
__. = 4000 m
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Try these conversions using the ladder method.
1000 mg = _______ g 1 L = _______ mL 160 cm = _______ mm
14 km = _______ m 109 g = _______ kg 250 m = _______ km
Conversion Practice
Compare using <, >, or =.
56 cm 6 m 7 g 698 mg
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Write the correct abbreviation for each metric unit.
1) Kilogram _____ 4) Milliliter _____ 7) Kilometer _____
2) Meter _____ 5) Millimeter _____ 8) Centimeter _____
3) Gram _____ 6) Liter _____ 9) Milligram _____
Try these conversions, using the ladder method.
10) 2000 mg = _______ g 15) 5 L = _______ mL 20) 16 cm = _______ mm
11) 104 km = _______ m 16) 198 g = _______ kg 21) 2500 m = _______ km
12) 480 cm = _____ m 17) 75 mL = _____ L 22) 65 g = _____ mg
13) 5.6 kg = _____ g 18) 50 cm = _____ m 23) 6.3 cm = _____ mm
14) 8 mm = _____ cm 19) 5.6 m = _____ cm 24) 120 mg = _____ g
Metric Conversion Challenge