Chế biến nước mắm Phú Quốc

8/2/2019 Ch bin nc mm Ph Quc

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CNTP 07.4

NGUYN TH LAN ANHNG NGC DIM

L TH LI

L TH NGC LIN

TRN KHC TRUNG NGNHUNH KIM TN

PHM KIM UYN

V ANH TUN


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I. GII THIU:

Nc mm l sn phm c ln men t cc loi c, l snphm truyn thng ca dn tc Vit Nam. Nc mm PH

QUC gn lin vi i sng hng ngy ca nhng ngidn trn o v l mt bn sc rt ring ca dn tc VitNam.

N l mt trong cc loi nc mm khng nhng ni ting

Vit Nam m cn c bit nhiu nc trn khp thgii. Nc mm Ph Quc c sn xut t nguyn liuchnh l c cm Ph Quc, c truyn thng trn 200 nmtrong ngh lm mm.


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II.T VN :

lm ra mt sn phm nc mm ngon cn nhng nguyn

liu v yu t g? Mt trong nhng nguyn liu chnh dng sn xut nc

mm l cc loi c. Tuy nhin cht lng nc mm li phthuc rt nhiu vo tng loi c. Chnh v th, vic chn c

sn xut nc mm l iu m cc nh sn xut quantm.

Vy sn xut nc mm Ph Quc c cht lng tt phichnc cm nh bt ti vng bin Kin Giang; c cm

phi chim trn 85%; thng cha chp phi c lmbng gBi li... th mi c s hu tn gi ny.


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III. NI DUNG:

1. Nguyn liu sn xut nc mm Ph Quc: C cm

Thnh phn dinh dng:

C cm(Stolephorus commersoni lacep hoc EngraulesCommusoni Lacep)thng c lm nc mm nhiu hnv n c m t cao hn mt s loi khc.

Hnh: C cm


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C cm c nhiu loi: Sc Tiu, Phn Ch, Cm , CmLp, Sc Phn, Cm Than. Loi c cm cho nc mmngon nht l Sc Tiu v Cm Than.

C cm sc tiu (Mch tiu ng), mt loi c cm lm chohng vnc mm rt thm,nhiu iot, nhiu vi hu c.

Nc mm Ph Quc c mu cnh gin m, trong v c

mi thm c trng do v mn ca mui v ngt bo cacht m t c, mi thm.


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Cc loi c nc mn dng lm nc mm:

STT Tn loi c Thnh phn ha hc

Nc Protit Lipit

1 Nc S 76,8 21,75

0,85

2 Mi thng 77,5 19,26 1,8

3 C Trch 75,9 21,76 3,154 Phn hai sc 76,2 20,35 2,20

5 Ln Ngn 79,3 19,03 1,21

6 C Cm 75,14 11,25 2,10

7 C Mi 76,66 9,37 14,4

8 C Lp 81,84 10,00 1,40

9 C Chun 76,17 9,75 7,5


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2.Mui:- Thnh phn mui n Thnh phn ca mui ch yu l NaCl, ngoi ra t nhiu u

c tp cht. Nhng tp cht c th chia lm hai loi:+ Nhng cht khng c hot tnh ha hc nh nc v

cc cht khng ha tan nh si, ct ,v.v.+ Nhng cht c hot tnh ha hc nh: hp cht Clor

ca Ca2+, Mg2+


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- Tc dng phng thi ca mui n:

Mui n thm thu vo nguyn liu lm cho nc thot ra, vikhun thiu nc khng th pht trin c. Nng mui cng ln th p sut thm thu cng mnh, v

vy c th lm rch mng t bo vi khun, gy cho chng stthng.


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- Tnh thm thu v khuch tnDo tnh ht nc ca mui nn p c vi mui,

nc trong c thot ra lm tan mui (gi l qutrnh khuch tn).

Song song l qu trnh mui thm vo c (gil thm thu).

C cng ti th tc thm mui cng nhanh v

nhiu hn c n.


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IV.Quy trnh sn xut:

Ra

Rt nc bi

Vo thng

Mui c

C Cm


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Ko rt ncmm ct

Kim tra

Kim tra chtlng sn phm

Ko rt nc

mm long

n long

ng gi, baonhn

Thnhphm


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V.GI TR DINH DNG CA NC MM:

1.Cc cht m: Chim ch yu v quyt nh gi tr dinh dng ca

nc mm. Gm 3 loi m:

m tng m amin

m amon

Ngoi ra trong nc mm cn cha y cc acidamin, c bit l cc acid amin khng thay th: valin,leucin, methionin


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2.Cc cht bay hi :

Cc cht bay hi trong nc mm:

- Cc cht cacbonyl.

- Cc acid amin.

- Cc cht trung tnh.

3.Cc cht khc:

Cc cht v c: NaCl chim 250-280g/l v mt s cccht khong nh: S, Ca, Mg, P, I, Br.

Vitamin: B1, B12, B2, PP.


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VI.CC H ENZIM TRONG NC MM:Gm 3 h enzym ln:

a. H enzymeMetalo-protease (Aminodipeptidase) H enzyme ny tn ti trong ni tng ca c v chu cnng mui cao nn ngay t u n hot ng mnh

b. H enzyme serin-protease: in hnh l enzyme tripsin, tn ti nhiu trong ni tng ca

c.


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c. H enzymacid-protease: C trong tht v ni tng c, in hnh l enzyme cathepsin

D.


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E.VI SINH VT TRONG SN XUT NCMM:

Ngun gc: c t nguyn liu, dng c, thit b, mi trng(khng kh, nc). Khi vi sinh vt xm nhp vo chp ccc nh hng sau:

- Tham gia vo qu trnh thy phn protein.

- Tham gia tch cc vo vic hnh thnh hng v canc mm.

H vi sinh vt trong khi c ang ln men ngi ta thy cmt rt nhiu vi khun thucBacillus subtilis, Bacillus

mensentericcus, E.coli


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Clotridium sp Bacillus sp Ecoli


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T lp vng ni c bit trong mt s thng nc mm phn lp c 2 chng vi khun to hng sau:

- Chng1: Staphylococus intermeduus.- Chng 2: Vibrio costicola.

T mt s loi nc mm, phn lp c:- Chng 1: Bacillus lichenformis.- Chng 2: Bacillus pasterii.- Chng 3: Bacillus megaterium.- Chng 4: Bacillus firmus.- Chng 5: Bacillus sphaericus.

- Chng 6: Micrococcus luteus.


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F.NHN T NH HNG N QU TRNHCH BIN NC MM:

1. Nhit :-Nhit 30470C thch hp cho qu trnh ch binchp.

-Nhit 700C tr ln hu ht cc h enzyme trong cmt hot tnh.

2. PH: Mi h enzyme c pH khc nhau. V vy phi chn loi enzyme no ng vai tr ch yu

trong qu trnh sn xut nc mm to pH thch hp.


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3. Lng mui: Yu cu ca mui trong sn xut nc mm phi l loi

mui n, cng tinh khit cng tt, kt tinh ht nh c rncao, mu trng ng nh (khng vn cc, m t, v ngcht).

ch bin chp nhanh cn xc nh lng mui cho votrong chp l bao nhiu.


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4. Din tch tip xc: Mun phn ng xy ra nhanh phi c s tip xc

tt gia enzyme v c cht.C th dng cc binphp:

- Phng php xay nh c.

- Phng php p dp- Phng php ct


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5. Bn thn nguyn liu: C ti ch bin cht lng tt hn.

Nu c c nhiu m th nc mm c mi i kht kh chu,mi chua.

C sng tng nc mt v gia nh c thu, c cm, c nc,c mi... cho cht lng nc mm tt nht.


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