Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
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Excitation Ionization ion-pair, suppress recombination in detectors.
Energy loss
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
Interaction of heavy charged particles
• Electronic or nuclear (Rutherford, nuclear reactions, …).
• Depletion layer.• Delta rays and secondary electrons.• Electron suppression for charge integration.• Faraday Cup.• Tracks.
Detectors mainly designed to make use of electronic interactions.
SRIMhttp://www.srim.org
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
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Stopping power Stopping power Bethe-Bloch formula
Minimum ionizing particles
~1/E
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Electron pick-up. ~1/E
Charged Particle Interactions - DetectionWhat about fission fragments?????What about fission fragments?????
Bragg curve
• Energy loss is a stochasticstochastic process, thus energy straggling.energy straggling.
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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eV / Å keV / m MeV / mm keV / (g/cm2) MeV / (mg/cm2) keV / (mg/cm2) eV / (1x1015 atoms/cm2)
Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
UnitsUnits
(conversion)(conversion)You will encounter this when you run SRIM
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
Range of charged particles Range of charged particles Compare to gamma … !!!Compare to gamma … !!!Range straggling?Range straggling?
Mean and extrapolated range.
• An “old” idea to measure energy..!• Surface barrier, PIPS.• For a detector to register the full energy of charged particles, its thickness should be more than the range at that energy.• Sometimes we look for partial energy.• E-E detection. • Energy and position position sensitive detectors.sensitive detectors.• Radioactive ion beams.Radioactive ion beams.
Counts number
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
Use SRIMData to
reproduce the
graphs.
Energy deposited in an Energy deposited in an absorber (or detector).absorber (or detector).
Or, if “thin” absorber:Or, if “thin” absorber:
Both are not accurate. Both are not accurate. Why?Why?You can do it better with You can do it better with SRIM.SRIM.
tdx
dEE
ave
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
E-E detection.
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
Stopping timeStopping time
Problem…!!
• Effect on Doppler shift and broadening in nuclear reactions.
Compare the application of scaling laws and Bragg-Kleeman rule with SRIM.Work out many examples.
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
Fast Electron Interactions.Fast Electron Interactions.
• CollisionalCollisional
• Radiative (Bremsstrahlung)Radiative (Bremsstrahlung)
What is the main difference for positrons?
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
Range .. !
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What about electrons?
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
nteI
I 0
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Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, 1st Semester, 2008-2009 (Saed Dababneh).
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Charged Particle Interactions - Detection
BackscatteringBackscattering
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d• Detector entrance window or dead layer.• Source backing.