CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 1. Establish the problem 2.Formulate theoretical hypothesis...
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Quiz 1
Mean 1.308823529Median 1.5Mode 0Standard Deviation 1.101064952Range 3Minimum 0Maximum 3Count 34
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. Establish the problem2 .Formulate theoretical hypothesis3 .Refine the hypothesis 4. Create research design 5. Collect data6. Test hypothesis,7. Evaluate & conclude8. Re-test (replicate)
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Modeling Public Policy
Competing Theories of the Policy Process
A. What are Models?
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Modeling Public Policy
Competing Theories of the Policy Process
A. What are Models?
B. Models are based on theory. • A theory is a set of logically related set of
statements, including some law like generalizations, that are empirically testable.
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How do we know if a theory or models is useful or helpful?
• Order and simplify reality
• Models help identify what is significant.
• Models should be congruent with reality.
• Models should provide meaningful communication.
• Models should suggest explanations.
• Models should direct inquiry and research.
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where should we look when studying policy? Models help us answer this question
Day to day decisionmaking
Statutory language
Policy outcomes/effects
Individuals
Institutions
Groups
Elite
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(neo)Institutional
Rationalism
Incrementalism
Punctuated Equalibrium
Group/Pluralism
Elite
Public Choice
Game theory
Systems theory
Stages Approach
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Stages of the Policy Process
The policy formulation process:
The leadership selection process:
The Interest Group Process:
Opinion Making process:
Policy Legitimation process:
Policy Implementation:
Policy Evaluation Process:
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How do we apply theories & models?
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Policy Formulation
• Who are the major actors?
• Who are generating the policy ideas?
• Players– Foundations
• Ford Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation
– Think Tanks• Brookings Institute; American Enterprise Institute• Council on Foreign Relations; Trilateral Commission• Council on Economic Development; Business Roundtable
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How do these organizations influence the policy process?
• By defining social problems
• Defining the set of possible solutions
• In other words, setting the policy agenda