Chapters 4-7 CREATING A LASTING GOVERNMENT. Ch. 4 AMERICA’S POLITICAL HERITAGE.
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Transcript of Chapters 4-7 CREATING A LASTING GOVERNMENT. Ch. 4 AMERICA’S POLITICAL HERITAGE.
Chapters 4-7CREATING A LASTING
GOVERNMENT
Ch. 4
AMERICA’S POLITICAL HERITAGE
K *W* L Chart (Graphic Organizer)
KNOW(What do you already know about early American gov't?)
WANT(What do you want to/need to learn about US gov’t?)
LEARN(What we learn today about American gov’t)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
K *W* L CHART
KNOW(What do you already know about early American gov't?)
WANT(What do you want to/need to learn about US gov’t? Questions?)
LEARN(What we learn today about American gov’t)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1. How did American law & gov’t develop?
2. Why did early colonists look to Greece & Rome for gov’t models?3. How did English gov’t influence American gov’t?
Key Terms
Charter Tyranny Direct Democracy Republic Natural Rights Compact Separation of Powers Ratification
Main ObjectivesLearn how colonists gained a voice in governmentKnow roots of individual freedom in AmericaHow did English government influence American government?
THE COLONIAL EXPERIENCE
Colonial period= birth of many American traditions
Heritage traced to England Colonists= still citizens
of England Self-Govt in colonies WHY???
Legislature: group of people chosen to make laws
VOICE IN GOVERNMENT
Colonies= set up through charter Gives permission
to create gov'tColonists disobey
king lose charter king’s chosen governor intervenes
Governor = appointed, not elected
ROYAL AUTHORITY
BRAIN BREAK!
Read “Citizenship in the Colonies” on pg 86-87 in textbook
Discuss with your group members: Identify who could voteThe rights/responsibilities of citizens in colonies
T-chart format for rights of Colonial citizens vs. Modern Day American citizens
English Govt + Church of EnglandNo freedom (religious)
Mayflower 1620
No freedom of press John Peter Zenger
Exposed govt corruption in newspaper
Not GuiltyFreedom of press= basic human right!
Colonists work for rights
ROOTS OF FREEDOM
Mid-1700s: England tightened control of colonies & colonists claimed it was tyranny Tyranny: abuse of
power Royal governors
abused power, colonists feared more and more rights would be stripped from them still had to pay taxes to England
SIGNS OF DISCONTENT
Rights of Self-Government
Why did American colonists have an unusual degree of self-government at fi rst?
What did it mean to be a citizen in the early American colonies? (Rights?)
Why were freedoms of the press & religion so important to the colonists?
Why do you think England tightened its control over the colonies?
Main Idea:???
SUM IT UP
Chapter 4Roots of American
Government
Looking to Ancient Greece & Rome
Colonists had the benefit of other people’s experiences to form our government “Let us study the law of nature; search into the spirit of the
British constitution;…think about the great examples of Greece & Rome; set before us the conduct of our own British ancestors.” -- John Adams
What do you think this quote means? Take 2-3 minutes to form an idea, write idea on notepad paper After 2-3 minutes, share with shoulder partner (AB) then
share with face partner (AA)
Ancient Greece & Rome
Greece= world’s first direct democracy Direct Democracy: a form
of government in which laws are made directly by the citizens self-government!
Rome: =republic (509 B.C.) Republic: a government in
which representatives are elected
US Congress= republic People in English colonies
also realized that Greek & Roman empires & gov’t collapsed
GREECE
ROME
English Traditions
Magna Carta: (1200s) King John forced to sign Listed rights king couldn’t
take away Limited power of king Led to representative gov’t
(Parliament)
English Bill of Rights (1689) Listed rights of ALL citizens Everyone must obey laws Helped make Parliament
more powerful than king
NOBLES
EVERYONE
Relying on Reason
1600s European philosophers taught:
Natural rights- born with that no gov’t could give or take away John Locke & Montesquieu Rights to life, liberty, &
property (John Locke)Separation of Powers:
dividing gov’t power among legislative, executive, and judicial branches (Montesquieu)
Balance of power= no tyranny
1. Identify the symbol(s) What do you think they represent?
*Find & Study the labels/captions2. What does the caption mean?3. What is the point of view expressed in cartoon?4. How did Benjamin Franklin feel about the political issue
of independence from Great Britain?
JOIN OR DIE!
Pg. 90 in textbook
Why did colonists look to Greek & Roman models for government?
How did English traditions in government influence American government?
Main Idea?American colonists began to think about what they
wanted from the government. They looked to models from Ancient Greece, Rome, English history, and European philosophers.
SUMMARY
Chapter 4MOVING TOWARD
NATIONHOOD
Why were the colonists dissatisfied with English rule? Didn’t they inherit the representative government? Why was there tension that resulted in war?
Colonists could not vote for members of Parliament & Parliament didn’t understand colonists’ needs
Colonists could only trade with England (buying AND selling of goods)
CLASH OF VIEWS
Parliament in debt squeeze money out of colonists w/ taxes
Colonists protested they should not be taxed w/o representation in Parliament
Colonists informed each other throughout all American colonies & called for a meeting w/ reps from all colonies
First Continental Congress, Philadelphia, 1774 Vowed to cut off trade w/ England
until requests met Met again in 1775 (2nd Continental
Congress) Fighting had begun in
Massachusetts Common Sense, Thomas Paine
pamphlet about independence
NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION
Second Continental Congress called for independence & for a few members to write a declaration of it
Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men
are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness…”
Unalienable: no gov’t can take away People given power in government
[What is the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?]
To encourage popular support within the colonies to justify to other nations the colonies’ need to break from England.
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
Colonies= “free & independent” needs to organize its gov’t
Mayflower Compact= first written agreement to make & obey laws for the good of the group
Each state created a constitution to limit governor powers 13 individual governments
Articles of Confederation Called for unified national
government in colonies ALL colonies/states need to ratify
(approve) 1781
ORGANIZING A NEW GOVERNMENT
Debt & Trade War debt from Revolutionary War
(Borrowed from other countries) Value of American money
dropped New gov’t =no power to trade &
lost trade rights w/ England
Shays’ Rebellion High tax on farm land=
farmers in debt Hundreds of farmers led by
Daniel Shays storm courthouse, Mass. militia responded
Articles of Confederation= too weak to support national gov’t
STRUGGLING GOVERNMENT
What Happened?
Who was there?
When did it happen?
Why did it happen?
Where did it happen?
5 W’s of Early American Government
Weakness ofArticles of
Confederation
Use Ch. 4 pages 99-100
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/artconf.asp http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/charters_of
_freedom_4.html#
Colonists dissatisfied w/ English ruleDeclare themselves independentFight & win American RevolutionBegin to establish state & national
governments (Articles of Confederation)
SUMMARY
Imagine you were a reporter assigned to cover the events of 1) The American Revolution
2) The drafting/signing of the Declaration of Independence
3) Colonists building tensions over dissatisfaction w/ England
Describe what you saw & heard, pretend you are a reporter in the field when all of this is happening. What’s going on around you? Students will group together & record a video after. Reporters, Interviews, Eyewitness accounts, etc…
QUIZ GRADE!!!
CLASSWORK-HOMEWORK