Chapter7 Hardware Multimedia

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Chapter 7

Hardware


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Overview

Macintosh versus Windows platform.

Connections.

Memory and Storage devices.

Input devices.

Output devices.

Communication devices.


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Macintosh Versus WindowsPlatform

The Macintosh platform: Was launched by Apple in 1984. Has a good built-in audio and high-quality

graphics capability. Includes hardware and software for

digitizing and editing video and producing

DVD discs. Makes multimedia project development

easier and smoother.


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The Windows platform:

Is a collection of different vendor-neutral components that

are tied together by the requirements of the Windows

operating system.

Initially focused on business computing and was not suitable

for multimedia. However, it is now easier to find multimedia

hardware and software for Windows as compared to the

Macintosh.


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Selection of the proper platform for multimedia project based on:

Personal preference of computer

Budget constraints

Project delivery requirement

Type of material and content in the project


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Networking Macintosh andWindows Computers

Networking is essential for directcommunication and sharing ofresources across platforms.

Local area network (LAN), wide areanetwork (WAN), and Internetconnections provide connectivity andnetworking capabilities.


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In a LAN, workstations are located within ashort distance. They are relatively lessexpensive.

In a WAN, communication systems spangreat distances and are typically set up andmanaged by large corporations. They areexpensive to install and maintain.

A dial-up connection to the Internet throughan Internet Service Provider (ISP) alsoenables communication.


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To establish communication between aMacintosh and Windows PC, install Ethernetsystem and client-server software.

Ethernet is a method of wiring up computers. Client/server software is required for

communication and transfer of files.

Macintosh computers have built-in Ethernetnetworking, while Windows PCs require anadditional Ethernet card.


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Connections

The various connection methodologiesinclude: Small Computer System Interface (SCSI). Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE). Universal Serial Bus (USB). FireWire.


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Small Computer SystemInterface (SCSI)

SCSI can connect internal and external peripheral equipments and

devices that conform to the SCSI standard.

SCSI cards can be installed on Macintosh and PC platforms.

SCSI is preferred for real-time video editing, network servers, and

situations that require mirroring.

SCSI ID conflicts should be avoided by providing unique IDs to devices.


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Integrated Drive Electronics(IDE)

IDE connections are also known as Advanced Technology Attachment(ATA).

They connect only internal peripherals. They can connect four peripherals

mounted inside the PC. The circuitry for IDE is less expensive

than SCSI. IDE utilizes processor chip time.


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Universal Serial Bus (USB)

It is a standard for connecting devicesto the computer using the plug-and-playsystem.

USB uses a single cable to connect 127USB peripherals to a single PC.

It can be attached to one computer at atime.


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FireWire

FireWire was introduced by Apple in the 1980s.

It is the industry standard and provides support for high-

bandwidth serial data transfer, particularly for digital video and

mass storage.

Can connect multiple computers and peripheral devices (peer-

to-peer).

It is the most common method for connecting and

interconnecting professional digital video equipment.


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Memory

Sufficient memory must be allocated forstoring and archiving files.

Memory requirements of a multimediaproject depend on the project's contentand scope.

The two types of memory are randomaccess memory (RAM) and read onlymemory (ROM).


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Memory

RAM enables the simultaneouslyrunning of many applications.

ROM is non-volatile. The BIOS programthat boots up the computer resides inthe ROM.


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Storage Devices

Floppy disk - Is a inexpensive,removable, and portable device forstoring binary data. They are made offlexible mylar plastic coated with a thinlayer of special magnetic material.

Hard disk - Is a non-removable mass-

storage device, and has a higher datastorage capacity and data transferspeed.


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Storage Devices

Syquest cartridge - Is a removable storage medium and can

hold 44 MB of data.

Zip cartridge - Is inexpensive and can hold 100MB of data.

Jaz cartridge - Is a removable storage medium that can hold

1GB of data.

Magneto-optical drive - Is rewriteable and uses a high power

laser. It is suitable for archiving data.


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Storage Devices

Digital Versatile Disc (DVD): Is an optical disc technology for distributing

multimedia and feature length movies.

Can store 1GB of data. They provide sharpand detailed video resolution.

The two types of DVDs are DVD-video and

DVD-ROM.


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Storage Devices

Compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) player - Is an important deliverymedium for large, mass-producedmultimedia projects.

CD Recordable (CD-R) - Is veryinexpensive, and suitable for short-run

distribution of finished multimediaprojects. These write-once CDs can beused as high-capacity file archives.


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Input Devices

Keyboard - Is the most commonly usedinput device. The most commonkeyboard for PCs is the 101 style, whichprovides 101 keys.

Mouse - Is the standard input device fora graphical user interface (GUI).


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Input Devices

Trackball - It is suitable to smallconfined environments such as aportable laptop.

Touchscreen - They are monitors thatusually have a textured coating acrossthe glass face.


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Input Devices

Magnetic card encoder and rea der - Is useful wh en an interface

is needed for a database applic ation or multimed ia project that

tracks users.

Graphic tablet - Provides great control for editing fin ely detailed

graphic elements.

Scanner - Is the most useful device for producing multimedia.

They are categorized as flat-bed, handheld, and drum.
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Input Devices

Optical Character Recognition (OCR)device - Is used to convert printedmatter into ASCII text files.

Infrared remote - Is used to interact withthe project when the user needs tomove about.


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Input Devices

Voice recognition system - Is used tofacilitate hands-free interaction with theproject.

Digital camera - Is used to capture stillimages of a specific resolution, andstore them in cameras memory. These

images can then be uploaded to acomputer.


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Output Devices

Audio devices: They include sound chips and

microphones.

Amplifiers are required when the projecthas to be presented to a large audience orin a noisy setting.

Speakers can be internal or external.


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Output Devices

Video devices: Video creates the maximum visual impact. Video devices include videodisc players

and video cards. Videodisc players provide precise control

over the image being viewed.

Video cards enable the user to place animage in a window on the computermonitor.


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Output Devices

Projectors: Projectors are used when you have a

larger audience that can be

accommodated around a computermonitor.

The different types of projectors includecathode-ray tube (CRT), liquid-crystaldisplay (LCD) panels, stand-alone LCDprojectors, and light-valve projectors.


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Output Devices

Projectors (continued):

CRT projectors are compatible with the output of most computers as well as

televisions.

LCD panels are portable devices that are popular for on-the-road

presentations.

Light-valve projectors use liquid crystal technology. The images generated

are very bright and color saturated and can be projected onto wide screens.


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Output Devices

Printers:

The two types of printers are laser and inkjet.

Laser printers offer higher print quality, lower operatingcosts, but a higher initial cost.

Inkjet printers are comparatively cheaper, but require higher

maintenance.

Color printers have become an important part of multimedia

development.


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Communication Devices

Modems ISDN Cable modems


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Modems

Modems modulate and de-modulateanalog signals.

They provide connectivity throughstandard phone lines.

Modems can be internal or external. Modem speed is measured in baud, and

the standard modem speed should beat least 56 Kbps.


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ISDN

ISDN stands for Integrated Services Digital Network.

It is used for higher transmission speeds by telephone.

They transfer data at the rate of 128 Kbps.

ISDN lines are used for networking, Internet access, and audio-video

conferencing.

They are more expensive than the conventional analog lines.


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Cable Modems

They provide Internet access at speedsfaster than a telephone modem, overthe same cable network that suppliesthe television signal.

However, due to noise in the system,sending rates may be much slower than

receiving rates.


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Summary

Macintosh and Windows are the twomost common hardware platforms usedin multimedia.

LANs, WANs, Ethernet, and client-server software facilitate communicationand connectivity among computers.

Storage devices include floppy disks,hard disks, Zip drives, Jaz drives, MOdrives, DVDs, and CD-ROMs.


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Summary

Input devices include keyboards, mice, trackballs, touchscreens,

graphic tablets, scanners, OCR devices, infrared remotes, voice

recognition software, and digital cameras.

Output devices include audio devices, speakers, amplifiers,

monitors, video devices, projectors, and printers.

Communication devices include modems, ISDN lines, and cable

modems.

Chapter7 Hardware Multimedia

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