Chapter#16Chapter#16

Safety and HealthSafety and Health

Occupational Safety and Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970Health Act 1970

Mission: to ensure safe and Mission: to ensure safe and healthful workplaces in America.healthful workplaces in America. Workplace fatalities cut in one halfWorkplace fatalities cut in one half Injuries and illness cut by 40%Injuries and illness cut by 40% AT THE SAME TIME US AT THE SAME TIME US

EMPLOYMENTHAS DOUBLED EMPLOYMENTHAS DOUBLED FROM 56 MILLION WORKERS FROM 56 MILLION WORKERS TO 111 MILLION WORKERSTO 111 MILLION WORKERS

Covers ers with more than 11 Covers ers with more than 11 eesees

STAFF OF 2,303, OF THOSE STAFF OF 2,303, OF THOSE ARE 1,123 INSPECTORSARE 1,123 INSPECTORS

Budget 434 millionBudget 434 million Job related injuries cost Job related injuries cost

business 127.7 billion business 127.7 billion

StatsStats

6026 die yearly6026 die yearly 6.2 million accidents6.2 million accidents Accident rate 6.3/100 ees yrlyAccident rate 6.3/100 ees yrly 862,200 illnesses862,200 illnesses

OSHA’s three strategiesOSHA’s three strategies

Strong, fair and effective Strong, fair and effective enforcementenforcement

Outreach education and Outreach education and Compliance assistanceCompliance assistance

Partnerships and voluntary Partnerships and voluntary programsprograms

Inspections 2002Inspections 2002

37,493 inspections in 200237,493 inspections in 2002 21,347 were in construction21,347 were in construction 8,270 were in manufacturing8,270 were in manufacturing 7,750 in all other industries 7,750 in all other industries

The following violations were The following violations were categorizedcategorized

416 Willfull $11,799,00 (fines)416 Willfull $11,799,00 (fines) 54,842 Serious $ 48,312,00054,842 Serious $ 48,312,000 1,9691,969 Repeat $7,700,00Repeat $7,700,00

On purposeOn purpose Er should have knownEr should have known Failure to correctFailure to correct

Record keeping #431Record keeping #431

1,000$ per incident fine1,000$ per incident fine Records must be keptRecords must be kept Occupational illnessesOccupational illnesses Occupational injuriesOccupational injuries Recorded in detailRecorded in detail

HR InspectionsHR Inspections

When accidents occur HR must When accidents occur HR must conduct investigations on conduct investigations on injured and any witnessesinjured and any witnesses

OSHA inspectionsOSHA inspections

Standards are enforced through Standards are enforced through inspections.inspections.

With er consentWith er consent With warrantsWith warrants First priorities: imminent dangerFirst priorities: imminent danger

Within 24 hours responseWithin 24 hours response Second priority: injuries that have Second priority: injuries that have

already occurred.already occurred. Within 3 working days responseWithin 3 working days response

Third Priority: complaintsThird Priority: complaints 20 working days response20 working days response

The inspection itselfThe inspection itself

Officers come to siteOfficers come to site Shows credentialsShows credentials Explains scope of inspectionExplains scope of inspection Ee cannot be penalized for Ee cannot be penalized for

talking to OHSA by er.talking to OHSA by er. EEs get to read reportsEEs get to read reports

CitationsCitations

After visit inspections OSHA After visit inspections OSHA holds closing conference.holds closing conference.

May issue citationsMay issue citations Can issues penaltiesCan issues penalties

5,000 TO 70,000$5,000 TO 70,000$ CITATIONS CAN BE APPEALED BY CITATIONS CAN BE APPEALED BY

ERER

What should HR do when What should HR do when OSHA comes?OSHA comes?

Refer inspector to OSHA Refer inspector to OSHA coordinator.coordinator.

Check credentialsCheck credentials Ask reason for inspectionAsk reason for inspection Show your recordsShow your records Walk with inspector as they tour Walk with inspector as they tour

the facilitythe facility

ER can not discriminating ER can not discriminating against ees who complain.against ees who complain.

Er must complyEr must comply Er remains liable for injuries Er remains liable for injuries

even upon noncompliance by even upon noncompliance by ees or by ee resistance.ees or by ee resistance.

What causes accidentsWhat causes accidents

Unsafe conditionsUnsafe conditions Improper or defective equipmentImproper or defective equipment Unsafe storageUnsafe storage Poor lightPoor light Poor ventilationsPoor ventilations

Unsafe ActsUnsafe Acts Throwing toolsThrowing tools Not using safety gearNot using safety gear Improper liftingImproper lifting

How to reduce unsafe actsHow to reduce unsafe acts

Praise safetyPraise safety Listen to eesListen to ees Better selection Better selection Provide trainingProvide training

Bilingual trainingBilingual training Identify unsafe behaviorsIdentify unsafe behaviors Conduct regular inspectionsConduct regular inspections Off work safety programsOff work safety programs

EE Health ProblemsEE Health Problems

70% of illicit drug users work full 70% of illicit drug users work full timetime

50% of all problem ees are 50% of all problem ees are actually alcoholicsactually alcoholics

Cost to firm is $7,000 per ee per Cost to firm is $7,000 per ee per yearyear

What are the clues?What are the clues?

TardinessTardiness Quits earlyQuits early Borrows moneyBorrows money Too much time offToo much time off Late back from lunchLate back from lunch

Drug Free Workplace ActDrug Free Workplace ActRequirementsRequirements

Publish policies about drug in Publish policies about drug in workplaceworkplace

Awareness programsAwareness programs Get ees to report to report any Get ees to report to report any

drug related activities as a drug related activities as a condition of employmentcondition of employment

US Dept of Transportation US Dept of Transportation RequirementsRequirements

Random testingRandom testing Preemployment testingPreemployment testing Post accident testingPost accident testing Reasonable suspicionReasonable suspicion

How to reduce ers legal risksHow to reduce ers legal risks

Publish all policies in Publish all policies in handbooks.handbooks.

Bulletin boardsBulletin boards Describe testing proceduresDescribe testing procedures

Oklahoma Drug LawsOklahoma Drug LawsRecent ChangesRecent Changes Ok law is the most restrictive in USOk law is the most restrictive in US YOU MUST HAVE DETAILED WRITTEN YOU MUST HAVE DETAILED WRITTEN

POLICY POLICY LIST ALL DRUGSLIST ALL DRUGS

CannaboidsCannaboids OpiatesOpiates CocaineCocaine AmphetaminesAmphetamines PCPPCP BarbituratesBarbiturates MethMeth PropoxyphenePropoxyphene

If the drug you test for is not If the drug you test for is not listed you’re your policy you can listed you’re your policy you can not disciplinenot discipline

Onsite testingOnsite testing

New lawNew law No longer need to use licensed No longer need to use licensed

facility.. Can test on site with kits facility.. Can test on site with kits approved by FDA approved by FDA

Your policy must inform ee of Your policy must inform ee of the followingthe following

All applicants in same category All applicants in same category will be tested after offer is will be tested after offer is extended. extended.

Reasonable suspicionReasonable suspicion Random periodic and post Random periodic and post

rehabilitationrehabilitation Post accidentPost accident

$500.00 THRESHOLD$500.00 THRESHOLD

Post accident ONLY is damage Post accident ONLY is damage is greater than $500.00 AND is greater than $500.00 AND reasonable suspicionreasonable suspicion

Property or personal injuryProperty or personal injury

AidsAids

All those who have relations All those who have relations with AIDS victim are covered with AIDS victim are covered under ADA.under ADA.

All employment records must be All employment records must be kept in complete confidence.kept in complete confidence.

You can refuse to hire if:You can refuse to hire if:

Effects safety of others.Effects safety of others.

Disease makes individual Disease makes individual incapable of performing jobincapable of performing job

Aids policyAids policy

Aids treated same as any other Aids treated same as any other illnessillness

You must provide reasonable You must provide reasonable accommodation so long as the ee is accommodation so long as the ee is otherwise qualified to perform otherwise qualified to perform essential job duties.essential job duties. Job restructuringJob restructuring Job reassignmentJob reassignment Modified work schedulesModified work schedules Extended medical leaveExtended medical leave Time off for treatmentTime off for treatment

Job Stress and burnoutJob Stress and burnout

Reduce hostile work Reduce hostile work environmentsenvironments

Limit overloadsLimit overloads Realistic deadlinesRealistic deadlines

4 major sources of occupational 4 major sources of occupational respiratory diseaserespiratory disease

AsbestosAsbestos SilicaSilica Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide LeadLead Workplace smokingWorkplace smoking

Each ee smoker costs er betweenEach ee smoker costs er between $2,000 and $5,000 yearly.$2,000 and $5,000 yearly. Second hand smoke causes 3,000 Second hand smoke causes 3,000

deaths per year and 35,000 to 62,000 deaths per year and 35,000 to 62,000 illnesses due to heart problemsillnesses due to heart problems

Workplace violenceWorkplace violence

Second biggest cause of fatal Second biggest cause of fatal injuries on the job most due to injuries on the job most due to robberiesrobberies

1,000 murders1,000 murders 1.5 million assaults1.5 million assaults Bullying, hostile work Bullying, hostile work

environments costs 180 billion environments costs 180 billion yearly yearly

OHSA compliance is required for OHSA compliance is required for firms with more than ___ ee. firms with more than ___ ee.

A, 20A, 20 B. 11B. 11 C. 15C. 15

Number 1 cause of workplace Number 1 cause of workplace deaths isdeaths is

A. HomicidesA. Homicides B. AccidentsB. Accidents C. Hostile environmentsC. Hostile environments

Job related injuries cost US Job related injuries cost US business ___ yearlybusiness ___ yearly

A. 127 billionA. 127 billion B. 56 billionB. 56 billion C. 150 billion C. 150 billion

There are ____ per 100 ees There are ____ per 100 ees workplace accidents yearlyworkplace accidents yearly

A. 9.4A. 9.4 B. 12B. 12 C. 6.3 C. 6.3

OSHA’s three strategies are OSHA’s three strategies are enforcement, ___ and enforcement, ___ and partnershipspartnerships A. citationsA. citations B. InjunctionsB. Injunctions C. educationC. education

By far the most inspections made By far the most inspections made were in the ____ industrywere in the ____ industry

A. FishingA. Fishing B. FarmingB. Farming C. ConstructionC. Construction

The next step after an inspection The next step after an inspection is performed is a ____.is performed is a ____.

A. Conference with A. Conference with managementmanagement

B. Record keepingB. Record keeping C. Citation writingC. Citation writing

What causes accidents?What causes accidents?

A. Unsafe acts and conditionsA. Unsafe acts and conditions B. Unsafe conditions and eesB. Unsafe conditions and ees C. Unsafe conditions and ers.C. Unsafe conditions and ers.

____% of drug users work full ____% of drug users work full timetime

A. 90A. 90 B. 50B. 50 C. 70C. 70

____% of all problem ees are ____% of all problem ees are alcoholics.alcoholics.

A. 70A. 70 B. 30B. 30 C. 50C. 50

4 major causes of illness on the job are lead, 4 major causes of illness on the job are lead, carbon monoxide, workplace smoking and carbon monoxide, workplace smoking and __________

A. AsbestosA. Asbestos B. OpiumB. Opium C. SilicaC. Silica

Smokers can cost a firm up to Smokers can cost a firm up to ____ yearly____ yearly

A. $2000A. $2000 B. $10,000B. $10,000 C. $ 5,000C. $ 5,000

Second hand smokes causes Second hand smokes causes ___ deaths yearly.___ deaths yearly.

A. 1000A. 1000 B. 9000B. 9000 C. 3000 C. 3000