Chapter One

Native Peoples of America, to

1500

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• Scientists’ current theory is that– 1. the ancestors of Native Americans originated in

the Western Hemisphere.– 2. Native Americans first reached the Western

Hemisphere on swift sailing ships from northern Europe and Iceland.

– 3. the Western Hemisphere was populated by multiple migrations from Asia across the Siberia-Alaska land bridge and by sea.

– 4. the ancestors of Native Americans crossed the Atlantic in giant outrigger canoes from the west coast of Africa.

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• Scientists’ current theory is that

– 3. the Western Hemisphere was populated by multiple migrations from Asia across the Siberia-Alaska land bridge and by sea.

– Hint: See page 2.

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• The densest Native American populations in what would later be the United States were found– 1. in the Great Basin.– 2. on the High Plains.– 3. on the Pacific Coast.– 4. in the northern forests.

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• The densest Native American populations in what would later be the United States were found

– 3. on the Pacific Coast.

– Hint: Climate and resources made this possible.

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• In which geographical region did the Hopewell Native Americans reside?– 1. Arizona and New Mexico– 2. the Midwest – 3. the Mississippi River to the Atlantic

Coast– 4. Arizona

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• In which geographical region did the Hopewell Native Americans reside?

– 2. the Midwest

– Hint: Hopewell culture was associated with the Midwest.

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• Which one of these did not help to shape Native Americans’ social and cultural development before 1500?– 1. geographical isolation– 2. drastic climatic and geographical variations

across America– 3. contact with African cultures, from which Native

Americans adopted many practices– 4. long-term changes or cycles in weather, such

as warming trends and extended droughts

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• Which one of these did not help to shape Native Americans’ social and cultural development before 1500?

– 3. contact with African cultures, from which Native Americans adopted many practices

– Hint: This did not help shape Native American development because there is no evidence of any contact before 1500.

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• The Aztecs, Mayans, and Incas had developed all of the following before the arrival of the Spanish except:– 1. great cities in which thousands of people lived.– 2. complex monotheistic religions based on belief

in one god.– 3. sophisticated irrigation systems which made

possible extensive agricultural production.– 4. advanced engineering knowledge that allowed

them to build roads, bridges, and pyramids.

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• The Aztecs, Mayans, and Incas had developed all of the following before the arrival of the Spanish except:

– 2. complex monotheistic religions based on belief in one god.

– Hint: They worshipped many gods, not one. See pages 3–4.

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• About how many Native Americans lived on the continent north of present-day Mexico, at the time of Columbus’s first voyage to the New World?– 1. 7 million to 10 million– 2. 75 million– 3. 50,000 to 100,000– 4. 1 million to 2 million

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• About how many Native Americans lived on the continent north of present-day Mexico, at the time of Columbus’s first voyage to the New World?– 1. 7 million to 10 million

– – Hint: See page 8.

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• Which of the following statements about American Indians is correct?– 1. There is no evidence of any people living in the

Americas earlier than 15,000 years ago.– 2. Indians did not know how to build irrigation

systems for agriculture until they learned it from the Spanish conquistadores.

– 3. Indian society frowned on all competitive behavior.

– 4. New England tribes allowed women as well as men to serve as chiefs.

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• Which of the following statements about American Indians is correct?

– 4. New England tribes allowed women as well as men to serve as chiefs.

– Hint: See page 10.

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• In which region did Native American men and women both work at farming?– 1. Northeast– 2. Great Basin– 3. Southwest– 4. Mississippi Valley

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• In which region did Native American men and women both work at farming?

– 3. Southwest

– Hint: See pages 4 and 5.

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• The term Archaic peoples refers to– 1. native North Americans from about 8000

to 1500 B.C.– 2. the first nomadic hunters to reach North

America.– 3. the mound builders of the Mississippi

Valley.– 4. all Native Americans living here at the

time of Columbus’s voyage.

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• The term Archaic peoples refers to– 1. native North Americans from about 8000

to 1500 B.C.

– Hint: See page 3.

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• Agriculture was first practiced by the Indians of the– 1. Pacific Northwest.– 2. desert Southwest.– 3. Midwestern heartland.– 4. Atlantic Coast.

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• Agriculture was first practiced by the Indians of the

– 2. desert Southwest.

– Hint: Agriculture first spread to tribes in the Southwest from central Mexican tribes.