CHAPTER II (Translation)

AMENDMENT OF EIA FRAMEWORK STUDY

CHAPTER IISCOPING

2.1. Project Description

2.1.1. The Status of EIA Document

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study of Wamena-Habema-Kenyam road construction

project was prepared in order to meet environmental feasibility which regulated by Indonesian

Government standard. The study was prepared following to the completion of projectfeasibility study

and engineering design.

According to Public Work Ministry Decree no. 567/KPTS/M/2010, the road project is classified to

Strategic National Road. The road project extends for 147 km length and traverse Lorentz National Park.

Considering the field condition, the road length covered in this (EIA) study extended to 156 km length

(from Km 54.00 to Km 210.00).

In decree no. S.258/Menhut-IV/2012, the Indonesian Forestry Ministry issued permission for the

construction of Wamena-Hebema-Kenyam road, but since the project traverse Lorentz National Park,

the planning design should be complemented with EIA document in order to minimize the

environmental impact especially within the vulnerable area.

The approval of Wamena-Hebema-Kenyam road project also provided by Papua Local Government who

issued decree no. 050/5426/SET in 6 December 2012 about Recommendation of Wamena-Hebema-

KenyamRoad Construction Project which traverse Lorentz National Park.

2.1.2. The Suitability of Project Planning with Spatial Planning

Nduga is an expansion regency from Jayawijaya that was established by Local Regulation no. 23/2013

about Spatial Zoning Planning of Papua Province.

Spatial utilization of a region was set up according to its purpose those are protected purpose,

cultivation purpose. Basically both purposes are in accord, since the establishment of protected region is

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intended to preserve cultivation region in order to provide basic needs for human, directly and

indirectly.

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Fig. 2.1. Map Location of Wamena-Hebema-Kenyam Road Construction Project (final version)

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Pre Construction

1. Public Dissemination 2. Survey & Measurement

Construction

1. Worker mobilization and basecamp operational2. Mobilization of equipment and material 3. Land preparation :- Land clearing.- Land stripping.4. Earthwork (Excavation, Embankment, Compaction)5. Structural work of road and bridge

Post ConstructionRoad service

Road maintenance

2.1.3. Description of Project Activities

Fig. 2.2. Project stages of Wamena-Hebema-Kenyam road project prepared by Balai Besar Pelaksanaan

Jalan Nasional X Papua

The following paragraph describe project potential impacts, particularly the environmental impacts :

1) Pre Construction Stages

1. Public Dissemination

The activity is intended to disseminate project plan and affected land along the 156 km road project

within Lorentz National Park. Forestry Ministry Decree no. S.258/Menhut-IV/2012 about Permission

of Wamena-Habema-Yaguru-Kenyam road project which traverse Lorentz National Park, in point C

stated the project shall be completed with EIA study.

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Project Dissemination Activities

Project disseminationactivities are :

- Coordination meeting with related agency

- Information dissemination related to project activities

- Measurement within project location

- Evaluation of land surveying data

- Discussion of evaluation outcome

- Public dissemination

2. Land Surveying and Measurement

The initial stage of land surveying was selecting the road route by considering number of aspects

such as:

engineering aspects : road length, road shoulder, bridge, box culvert, topography, subgrade

soil condition

affected utility and supported subgrade

environmental aspects : land acquisition, vulnerable area-Lorentz National Park, air

pollution, noise

financial feasibility and project cost.

The assessed route in Fig 2.1. is the most viability route that considering number of aspects, including

environmental aspects in order to minimize negative impact.

2) Construction Stage

The engineering design specified route length for 156 km and width of right of way (ROW) for 11 m.

The 11m right of way consist of 6m width of roadway, 1m width of ditch on each road side and 1,5m

width of road shoulder on each side. Fig. 2.3 and table 2.1.show design specification.

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Pavement

Ditch Shoulder

1 m 1,5 m 6,0 m 1,5 m 1 m

Fig. 2.3 Cross section Wamena-Habema-Kenyam road project

Source :Jayawijaya Road Engineering Planning, 2012

The activity during construction stage are : worker mobilization and base camp operation,

equipment and material mobilization, land preparation comprise of land clearing and ground

leveling , earth work comprise of cut and fill, sub grade compaction, structural work comprise of

construction of road and bridge.

Table 2.1 Design specification of Wamena-Habema-Kenyam road project

No Uraian Rencana1 Route length ± 156km2 Speed design 80 km / jam 3 No. of Roadway 1 x 2 lajur4 Roadway Width 6,00m5 Shoulder Width 1,5 m6 Ditch width 1 m7 Median width - 8 Transverse roadway slope 2 %9 Transverse shoulder slope 4 %

10 Maximum super elevation 5 %11 ROW width 11 m12 Pavement Aspal

Source :Jayawijaya Road Engineering Planning, 2012

(ROW Plan Drawing Design), PT. Wesitan 2011

Activities description during construction stage as follow :

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1. Worker Mobilization and Base camp Operational

a. Worker Mobilization

The involved workers in this project are110 people which estimated according to number of

workers for the similar project.

Contractor will undertake worker recruitment and mobilization. The recruitment process that

consider job requirement will carry out in open mechanism procedure and provide priority to

local worker in the intention of preventing social problems. Table 2.2 shows job qualification and

number of workers according to similar project.

No Jenis Tenaga KerjaJumlah (orang

1. General superintendent 1

2. Site engineer 1

3. Team Leader 1

4. Bridge engineer 2

5. Assistant of Bridge engineer 2

6. Road engineer 2

7. Assistant of Road engineer 2

8. Geodetic engineer 2

9. Assistant of Geodetic engineer 2

10. Engineering staff 2

11. Draftman 1

12. Estimator/quantitiy engineer 1

13. Project administrator and laboratorium technician

2

14. Administration and finance 2

15. Logistic 1

16. Equipment and maintanence staff 1

17 Security 4

18 Heavy equipment operator and driver 6

19 Worker 75

Jumlah tenaga kerja 110

Source : Consultant Estimation, 2012

b. Base camp Operational

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Prior to construction activities, the contractor will prepare base camp in the vicinity of project

location. Base camp is assembledfrom non permanent material and shall demolish after project

completion.

2. Mobilization of Equipment and Material

Prior to mobilize material, contractor shall undertake coordination with transportation agency

(Dinas Perhubungan) in order to minimize traffic disruption.

Road construction material are aggregate A and B, sand, cement, earth fill, crushed stone, concrete

steel and other materials indesign specification. Material supply will be provided by local supplier

and distributor such as quarry for aggregate A and B.

The required equipment in this project are : Excavator, cutting machine, compresor, pick up, dump

truck, water/full tank truck generator set, wheel loader, compactor, stoom walls, motor grader,

concrte pump dan concrete vibrator.

3. Land Preparation

Activities include in land preparation are :

- Land clearing

- Land stripping

Project area, particularly area for right of way, shall be cleared from root plants.

During land clearing, plant and stripped top soil temporarily deposit along road side before

transport to final disposal area. The disposal area, which considering volume of waste, will

determine later.

4. Earth Work (Excavation, Embankment and Compaction)

The earth work has intention to form design level. Slope and elevation in drawing design shall be

referencedduringthis work.

Activities include in excavation work areresidual disposal. Activities include inembankment

arematerial supply, material transport, materialoverlay, and soil compaction.

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5. Structural Work (Road and Bridge)

Structural works consist of bridge foundation, roadway and shoulder pavement.

a. Bridge Foundation

Bridges erects on crossing location between route plan and river. Bridges within this project

have spanmore than 10m.

b. Bridge Structure

Bridge structure is divided into upper structure and lower structure.

- LOWER STRUCTURE

Aspects including in selecting lower structureare route type (road, river, railway), land

acquisition, erectability, width of upper structure, construction cost and aesthetics. Lower

structure closely related to foundation but not similar so that it will be discussed further in

this section.

Lower structure is designed to support upper structure. Lower structure’s height depends

on horizontal and vertical alignment in order to meet free board on design standard. Pier

and abutment placement shall comply with standard configuration in order to protect road

or surrounding structure. The lower structure of Wamena-Habema-Kenyam bridge was

designed by cantilever methodwhich adjusted by embankment height behind the bridge.

The pier was designed by wall type which considering several aspects ie limited median

widththerefore maximum pier diameter is 1 meter, simplicity of erection work, low cost and

aesthetics performance. According to Geometric Design Standard for Urban Road from

Binamarga (1992), the minimum free boardabove road pavement is 5,1 m. The minimum

freeboardabove flood water level for 50 year return period 1 m, refer to Indonesian National

Standard (SNI) no. 1724 year 1989.

Bridge structure, which design specification described above, will connect route- main

stream crossing while small stream crossing will connect by box culvert.

- UPPER STRUCTURE

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There are 2 type of upper structure in the Wamena-Habema-Kenyamdesign, those are

Prestressed Concrete (PC) U Grider and PC I Grider. Each type has different erection method,

which in common usingareerection grider (spanby lifting), support truss, foamtraveller,

crane, cable yard.

Several aspects ; such as cost, erectability, environmental impact and time schedule ;

areconsidered in selecting the upper structure erection method.

c. Road And Bridge Construction

The road designed with flexible pavement with 11 m ROW width as described on section 2.1.3.

point B. The structure of flexible pavementcomprise of sub grade, sub base, base coarse, surface

course, bituminous prime coat, bituminous tack coat.

- Sub Grade is undisturbed ground level or compacted leveling ground level which performed

as base layer in order to support upper structure. Road strength and endurance depend on

sub base support indicated by CBR number. In the design, embankment soil shall have CBR

for 10%.

- Sub base is a layer with coarse material grade A. In this project, sub base CBR number is

defined for 70% with considering material availability on site.

- Base coarse is a layer using crushed stone grade A material with CBR number for 100%.

- Surface coarse is anasphalt layer

- Bituminuous prime coat, works include to this layer are base coarse clearing and asphalt

spraying. The amount of spraying asphalt is 0,9 – 2,5 kg/m2 or to be defined later by

Supervision Consultant

- Bituminous tack coat : work include in this layer is asphalt spraying on prime coat layer for

0,4-0,8 kg/m2 or to be defined later by Supervision consultant or detailed in general

specification.

- Slope protection in vulnerable area and peat area along the route withappropriate and eco-

friendly structure

- Installment of box culvert on peat area in order to provide flow path for seepage water to

Lake Habema

C. Post Construction Stage (Operational Stage)

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Activities during post construction stage are road service/ road operational and road

maintenance. Initial road service operational indicated by traffic while Activities include in

maintanence comprise of :

- Maintenance of pavement and drainage

- Maintenance of bridge and road supporting structure

- Handling of landslide and soil erosion handling

- Demolition of base camp and other supporting building during construction period

2.2.Description of Initial Condition

A. Physical and Chemical Components

1. Micro Climate

Wamena Climate and Geophysics Agency reported average temperature in Jayawijaya regency

in 2011 is 19,82⁰C with minimum temperature 13⁰C and maximum temperature 28,5⁰C (BPS

Papua Province, 2012) as shown in table 2.4 below. Compare to a year before, the temperature

in 2011 was increasing because of global warming.

Table 2.4. Average Temperature and Relative Humidity per Month

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In 2011, the relative humidity in Jayawijaya Regencyy is reported 76,92% and the air pressure

ranging from 832 mb to 835 mb.

Yearly rainfall intensity in Jayawijya are varies. Table 2.3. shows monthly rainfall intensity in

2011 with maximum intensity is 263,2 mm in March and minimum intensity is 122,3 mm in

August.

Table 2.3. Average Monthly Rainfall and Number of Rainy Day in Jayawijaya Regency in 2011

(Statistic Bureau of Papua Province,2012)

Jayawijaya has high rainfall intensity because of its mountainous topography. Seasons periodare

difficult to distinguish in certainty. Maximum rainfall intensity 391,1 mm occurred in 2003 and

minimum intensity 249,4 mm occurred in 2011. Yearly rainfall data from Y2003-2011 as shown

in fig. 2.4 below.

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Fig. 2.4. Yearly Rainfall Data from Wamena Climate and Geophysics Agency

(Statistic Bureau of Papua Province,2012)

Nduga Regency. Climate and Geophysics Agency Region VJayapura, Wamena Distrct reported in

2011 average temperature in Nduga Regency during Y2008 is 20˚C to 33˚C with average

humidity 82%-83%. The average of monthly rainfall in 2008 is 233,1 mm with maximum intensity

525,6 mm occurred in March and minimum intensity 217 mm occurred in December.

Average wind velocity in Nduga Regency was reported 2 - 4,5 knot/hour. The topographical

condition is resulting uncertain season period. Nduga’sclimate is classified as tropics and sub

tropics affected by geographical location and undulating topographical condition. The

topography condition is varies, from lowland at 200 – 500 ASL (above sea level) located in

Kenyam Regency and Gearek Regencyto highland at 500 – 3000 ASL located in Mapenduma

Regency, Mbua Regency, Yigi Regency, Mugi Regency, Geselma Regency and Wosak Regency.

Latest average temperature data is not available. Temperature data in Appendix was reported in

2008by Wamena Meteorogical Station.

2. Hydrology

Hydrologic condition in Jayawijaya and Nduga Regency is affected by numbers of catchment

area, topography and geomorphology. The selected route of Wamena-Habema-Kenyam is

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within 3 catchment areas, those are downstream Baliem, central Baliem and Nordwest. Rivers

within project location flow from south to north direction.

Those rivers are classified as rapid velocity which highly reactive to erosion in upstream and

sedimentation in downstream. The river flow pattern is trellis and sub dendritic which flows

intermittently and permanently along the year. Commonly the river flows to the direction of

Baliem Valley. Table 2.4. shows name of river in project study and its condition.

Table 2.4. Name of rivers within project study

No. Kabupaten Distrik Nama Sungai Lokasi pada trase jalan

Jayawijaya

1 Nduga Mbuai Sungai Dal 88+950

2 Yigi Sungai Ekilapo 105+550

3 Sungai Yigi 107+350

4 Mugi Sungai Kroptak 116+50

5 Paro Sungai Keanik 150+200

6 Sungai Yigidlera 154+150

7 Sungai Paro 157+200

8 Sungai Yigi 158+900

9 Sungai Loe 173+300

10 Sungai Min 199+550

11 Kenyam Sungai Kenyam 206+950

B. Topography

Papua has undulating topography, from highland area with tropical rainforest, meadow , valley

to lowland area. Central of Papua is mountainous area with mountain range along 650 km.

Jayawiyaja is well known mountainous area, it has 3 mountains with highest peak which its peak

always covered with eternal snow along the year. Those 3 peak are Jayawijaya Peak at 5.030 m

(15.090 ft) ASL , Trikora Peak at 5.160 m (15.480 ft) ASL and Yamin Peak at 5.100 (15.300 ft) ASL.

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The capital city of Jayawijaya Regency is Wamena,geographically its located on 138˚30’-139˚40’

east longitude and 3˚45’ - 4˚20’ south latitude. Jayawijaya regencyis bordering with

othersregency :

- north side : Center Mamberamo, Yalimo and Tolikara Regency in north side

- south side : Nduga and Yahukimo Regency

- west side : Nduga and Lanny Jaya Regency

- east side : Yahukimo and Yalimo Regency

Total area of Jayawijaya regency is 8,496 km2 which the area divided into 11 district : Wamena,

Asolokobal, Walelagama, Hubikosi, Pelebaga, Asologaima, Musatfak, Kurulu, Bolakme, Wollo

and Yalengga. Kurulu is the widest district(15.54% of total area) while Wollo is the narrowest

district (7.42% of total area). Bolakme is the farthest district from Wamena City (46 km) while

Asolokobal and Pelebaga is the nearest district (9 km).

The capital city of Nduga Regency is Kenyam, geographically it is located on 137.45˚ (Belagong) –

139.5˚ (Wosimo) east longitude and 4˚ (Kemalembut) – 4.5˚ (Kampung Tua) south latitude. Total

area of the regency is 12,941 km2, approximately 4.08% of Papua Province area. Nduga Regency

is bordering with other district and regencies :

- north side : Kuyawage, Balingga, Pirime, Makki district (Lanny Jaya Regency) and

Agandugume sub regency (Puncak Regency)

- south side : Sawaerma district (Asmat Regency)

- east side : Pelebaga district (Yahukimo Regency) and Wamena district (Jayawijaya Regency)

- west side : Jila and Agimuga district (Mimika Regency)

Nduga is divided into 8 district, those are : Kenyam, Wosak, Gearek, Mapenduma, Geselma,

Mugi, Yigi, Mbua. Kenyam is the widest district (26.21% of total area) and Mbua is the narrowest

district (6.55% of total area). Nduga has undulating topography, from lowland to mountainous

area with elevation range from 200-3000 m ASL. According to land slope, Nduga area is divided

into 3 groups :

- 0-15% slope with total area 1,386 km2

- 15-40% slope with total area 768.4 km2

- >40% slope with total area 1,152.6 km2.

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Due to topographic condition as described above, 37.65% Nduga regency is potential for

cultivation area such as agricultural, farm, plantation and fishery.

80% area of Nduga Regency is located in the Lorentz National Park. The park has 3 purpose ie

conservation area, conversion area and wildlife reservation.

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Fig. 2.6. Topographic Map of Papua

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C. Geology

Based on the Geological Map Wamena region, Irian Jaya (Sukanta U., et al, 1995 P3G Bandung),

geological condition of study area was formed by rocks from pre-Tertiary age (Ordovician) to

Teriser End (Pliocene) age or 500 million years to 1.5 million years rock aged.

The oldest rocksfromOrdovician age were formed by rocks classified in Tuaba Formation which

consists of siltstone and mudstone altered. The rock is very sturdy with several quartz veins that

fill the cracks. Angular folds are common. The youngest rocks were formed by rock in Buru

Formation. Rock on Buru Formation was formed by sandstone and mudstone, gray, well-padded

and carbonaceous. This unit is cris cros withmikritlimestonelayer whichmore solid to upward

direction.

Between these two rocks formations there are other sedimentary rock formations, according to

age order from the old one to the new one: Tuaba Formation - Dolomite Modio - Aiduna

Formation – TipumaFormation - Kembelangan Group - Group of New Guinea Limestone Waripi

Formation – Buru Formation. (Refer to geology map on the project location)

c.1. Structure and Tectonics

c.2. Mineral Resource

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Fig. 2.7. Geological map in project study

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C.3. Route Plan and Potential Problems due to Geological Instability

One of geological condition that affects road instability is bed rock compaction. Uncompact bed

rock is potentially triggered subsidence or landslide.

Geological map in fig. 2.7. shows that route plan is located on fault zone. Fault zone is a crushed

zone which formed by geological process that resulting fault lane in the intersected rock. The

road corridors which intersect with fault zone are described below.

C.3.1. Corridor KM 70+00 – Km 110

This corridor is located within fault zone which extending from Yigi to Mbua. The evolving fault is

reverse fault that intersect rock from Kambelangan Formation. Kambelangan Formation is formed

by mud stone and sand stone where mudstone is easily to shrink and expand particulary when

rain water is infiltrated. This condition will trigger road structure instability.

C.3.2. Route Plan in Mugi and Corridor KM 130+00

Around Mugi, there are horizontal fault that strectching from northeast to southwest. These faults

intersect with bed rock from Aiduna Formation. Aiduna Formation is formed by sand stone, mud

stone and lime stone.

C.3.3. Corridor KM 165+00 – Km 211+300

In this corridor, reverse fault isoften found which possible in forming crushed zone along corridor

KM 165+00 – Km 211+300.

Those faults intersect with various bed rock such as Aiduna Formation, Kambelangan Groups, Buru

Formation and Batugamping Niugini Groups Waripi Formation. The last group is the sturdiest rock

formation compare to others which commonly formed by mudstone and sand stone. The corridor

which intersect Burua and Aiduna Formation and Kambelangan Group need to be aware.

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Fig. 2.8. Map of Route Plan and Geological Condition

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D. Potential Area

1. Conservation Area

Tabel 2.5. Conservation area in Papua

No. Kawasan Luas Kawasan (Ha)Terrestrial Conservation

1 Terrestrial Conservation area 1.785.8592 Terrestrial wildlife reserve 3.547.0363 Terrestrial National Park 3.079.1694 Terrestrial Natural Park 35.388

Total Area of Terrestrial Conservation 8.447.451Marine Conservation

1 Marine conservation area 32.0232 Marine wildlife reserve 132.5023 Marine National Park 1.322.9204 Marine Natural Park 81.643

Total Area of Marine Conservation 1.569.088

Area distribution of conservation zone in Papua is unequal since the zone was determined by

ecological consideration not administrative boundaries. Every regencies have different

ecological characteristic, therefore some of thembelongswide conservation area whilethe other

is not. 18 of 29 regencies in Papua belongs conservation zone with different size of area. Boven

Digoel and Mappi are those two regencies without conservation zone.

Forest area that established as conservation zone is 3,350,001.73 Ha. Those conservation zone

are located in 26 site with different size of area and different groups of protected function. In

Papua conservation zone is divided into 4 type : conservation area, wildlife reserve, national

park and natural park.

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CHAPTER II (Translation)

Documents

Transcript of CHAPTER II (Translation)