2

CHAPTER IBackgroundA. BackgroundPulmonary tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the aerobic bacteria that can live in the lungs or other organs which have a high level of O2 (Tabrani Rab, 2010). The bacteries also have a high the lipid content on the cell membrane, and the bacteria are being resistens to acids and growth of bacteria are being very slow. These bacteria are not resistant to ultraviolet, because it transmit in the night (Tabrani Rab, 2010).In Southeast Asia, the WHO data (2009) shows that tuberculosis kills about 2.000 people every day. And about 40 percent of TB cases in the world are in the Southeast Asian region. It is estimated that for every 100.000 people Indonesia there are 130 patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Indonesia ranked fifth in the highest transmission of TB.One of indicator that used in TB control success rate or success rate treatment. Indicators of success rate (SR) also show increase, from 87% in 2001 to 90.2% in 2012. The success rate (SR) got the target treatment succeed which are standardized by the WHO is at least 85%. Treatment succeed of pulmonary tuberculosis is determined by the compliance and regularity in treatment, physical examination and laboratory (Profile DEPKES RI 2012).Based on data in Batam city has land area of more than 400 Islands, including island that are at the limits of the Republic of Indonesia, which borders with the neighbouring Singapore and Malaysia. In Batam City Health Profile of 2012 population data on January 1, 2012 is the amount of 1.136.894 (Profil Kesehatan Kota Batam, 2012).

According to Case Notification Rate (CNR) TB (+) in Batam in 2010 until 2012 showed increace the spread of TB in 2010 about 62. Then 151,7 in 2012. Pulmonary TB in Batam is not handled properly course given wide distribution increase pulmonary TB is a highly contagious care. Succeed indicator eradication and control programs can be seen from pulmonary TB cure rate of pulmonary TB disease. In the city of Batam in 2012 increase in cure rates of 46% (Profil Kesehatan Kota Batam 2012).Age is variable which always observed in epidemiological survey. Incident of morbidity and mortality inside almost all condition showing with age (Notoatmodjo, 2007).

Embung Fatimah hospital is owned by the Government of Batam. In the initial survey results pulmonary TB cases from January to July there were cases of pulmonary TB by 1336 the number of cases. B. Problem Formulation Based on the above background, the formulation problem in this research is Related Among Age With Tuberculosis Lung1