Chapter 35Chapter 35

Air TransportAir Transport

ObjectivesObjectives

ObjectivesObjectivesA.A. To gain an understanding of air transportTo gain an understanding of air transport

B.B. To gain an understanding of its To gain an understanding of its advantages and disadvantagesadvantages and disadvantages

C.C. To learn something about an air waybillTo learn something about an air waybill

D.D. To explore the difference between a marine To explore the difference between a marine bill of lading and an air waybillbill of lading and an air waybill

E.E. To learn relevant words, expressions and To learn relevant words, expressions and structuresstructures

IntroductionIntroduction

IntroductionIntroduction

AAir transport is a modern means of ir transport is a modern means of transport. Although it has the transport. Although it has the disadvantage of high freight, it does have disadvantage of high freight, it does have many advantages of its own, a prominent many advantages of its own, a prominent advantage of which is its delivery speed. advantage of which is its delivery speed. Recent years with the rapid development Recent years with the rapid development of international trade, air transport has of international trade, air transport has become more and more popular.become more and more popular.

参考译文参考译文

航空运输是一种现代化的运输方式，它航空运输是一种现代化的运输方式，它

虽然运费昂贵但有许多其他运输方式不可比虽然运费昂贵但有许多其他运输方式不可比

拟的优点。随着世界贸易的发展航空运输日拟的优点。随着世界贸易的发展航空运输日

趋普遍。趋普遍。

Main points of the textMain points of the text

Main points of the textMain points of the text1.1. Air transport is the most recent Air transport is the most recent

form of transportation for the form of transportation for the exporter.exporter.

2.2. Air transport has two prominent Air transport has two prominent advantages of speed, and freedom advantages of speed, and freedom from topographical obstacles.from topographical obstacles.

3.3. Other features of air transport Other features of air transport include its security or smaller include its security or smaller risks relatively simple packing.risks relatively simple packing.

AA

Main points of the textMain points of the textOutstanding disadvantages of air Outstanding disadvantages of air transport such as high cost of transport such as high cost of service, and limited carrying service, and limited carrying capacity.capacity.

BB

The most important document in The most important document in

airtransport airtransport –– air waybill air waybill CC

Background & Background & terminologyterminology

Background and terminologyBackground and terminologythe Wright brothers:the Wright brothers:

American brothers Wilbur, American brothers Wilbur, leftleft, and , and Orville Wright invented the first practical Orville Wright invented the first practical airplane. Creative thinkerers from a airplane. Creative thinkerers from a young age, they built a printing press and young age, they built a printing press and worked on bicycles before turning their worked on bicycles before turning their attention toward flight. Beginning with attention toward flight. Beginning with kites and then gliders, they achieved the kites and then gliders, they achieved the first powered flight in 1903.first powered flight in 1903.

Background and terminologyBackground and terminology

The Wright brothersThe Wright brothers

Background and terminologyBackground and terminology(insurance) premium(insurance) premium

the amount paid or payable, often the amount paid or payable, often in installments, for an insurance in installments, for an insurance PolicyPolicy

保险费保险费

Background and terminologyBackground and terminologycustoms dutycustoms duty

taxes payable on merchandise imported or taxes payable on merchandise imported or exported from one country to another exported from one country to another 关关

税税

tarifftariff：：tax levied upon goods as they cross tax levied upon goods as they cross national boundaries, usually by the national boundaries, usually by the government of the importing country. government of the importing country. Usually assessed on imports, tariffs may Usually assessed on imports, tariffs may apply to all foreign goods or only to goods apply to all foreign goods or only to goods produced outside the borders of a produced outside the borders of a customs customs unionunion. . 关税关税

Background and terminologyBackground and terminologycarrying capacitycarrying capacity

the maximum number of persons the maximum number of persons or things that a vehicle can carryor things that a vehicle can carry

承运能力承运能力

Background and terminologyBackground and terminologyair waybillair waybill

Air Waybill (AWB) or air consignment note Air Waybill (AWB) or air consignment note or airway or airway bill of ladingbill of lading refers to a receipt refers to a receipt issued by an international courier issued by an international courier company for goods which is an evidence company for goods which is an evidence of the contract of carriage, but is normally of the contract of carriage, but is normally not negotiable. The AWB has a tracking not negotiable. The AWB has a tracking number which can be used to check the number which can be used to check the status of delivery, and current position of status of delivery, and current position of the item. the item. 航空运货单航空运货单

Background and terminologyBackground and terminologycargo agent cargo agent 品牌形象品牌形象

货运代理人货运代理人

Background and terminologyBackground and terminologya straight bill a straight bill

a bill of lading merely stating that a bill of lading merely stating that the carrier is to deliver the goods to the carrier is to deliver the goods to a specified person at a specified a specified person at a specified place place

记名提单；直接提单记名提单；直接提单

Language pointsLanguage points

Language pointsLanguage pointscommon placecommon place

Having no remarkable features, Having no remarkable features, characteristics, or traits characteristics, or traits 平凡的，寻常的平凡的，寻常的

Car thefts are common place common place in this part of town.偷车在这一城区很寻常

Language pointsLanguage pointsfree fromfree from

without being controlled or without being controlled or restricted by anythingrestricted by anything不受不受……限制的限制的

Women are fighting to break free free fromfrom tradition.妇女在争取摆脱传统的束缚。

Language pointsLanguage pointstied uptied up

(money) all being used for (money) all being used for something and not available for something and not available for anything elseanything else

将（金钱）用于投资致使难以动用将（金钱）用于投资致使难以动用

Language pointsLanguage points

1. Most of his money is 1. Most of his money is tied uptied up on on property. property. 他大部分钱都投资在房地产上无法动用他大部分钱都投资在房地产上无法动用

2. All my money is 2. All my money is tied uptied up on stocks on stocks and shares. and shares. 我所有的钱都投放在股票上，因而不能动我所有的钱都投放在股票上，因而不能动

用用

Language pointsLanguage pointsthe hours of darknessthe hours of darkness

a particular period or point of a particular period or point of time during night time during night 黑夜黑夜

Few people dared to venture out during the hours of darknessthe hours of darkness. 少有人敢在黑夜里冒险出去。

Language pointsLanguage pointsfeasiblefeasible：：

capable of being accomplished or capable of being accomplished or brought about; possible brought about; possible 可行的可行的

1. It's not feasiblefeasible to dismiss him.不可开除他。

Language pointsLanguage points

2. It was no longer financially 2. It was no longer financially feasible feasible to keep the community centre open.to keep the community centre open.

要继续使社区中心开放，从财力上说已不要继续使社区中心开放，从财力上说已不 再可能再可能

Language pointsLanguage pointsalternativealternative

something you can choose to do something you can choose to do or use instead of something elseor use instead of something else

选择选择

Language pointsLanguage points

1. If payment is not received, legal 1. If payment is not received, legal action will be our only action will be our only alternativealternative..加工矿石获取矿物质加工矿石获取矿物质

2. He quickly assessed what 2. He quickly assessed what alternativesalternatives were open to him.were open to him.他迅速地盘算着有什么选择可供他挑选。他迅速地盘算着有什么选择可供他挑选。

Language pointsLanguage pointsassociated withassociated with

to make a connection in oneto make a connection in one’’s mind s mind between one thing or person and between one thing or person and AnotherAnother

由由…………联想到，把联想到，把…………联系到一起联系到一起

Language pointsLanguage points1. In business, people tend to 1. In business, people tend to associateassociate personal behavior personal behavior withwith the company. the company. 在商业中，人们易于把个人行为与公司联系在商业中，人们易于把个人行为与公司联系

到一起。到一起。

2. Whisky is usually 2. Whisky is usually associated withassociated with Scotland. Scotland. 人们常把威士忌同苏格兰联系起来。人们常把威士忌同苏格兰联系起来。

Language pointsLanguage pointsassessassess

to make a judgment about a to make a judgment about a person or situation after thinking person or situation after thinking carefully about it; to calculate or carefully about it; to calculate or decide the value or amount ofdecide the value or amount of

评估评估; ; 估定估定((财产财产, , 价值等价值等))

Language pointsLanguage points

1. A report was being prepared to 1. A report was being prepared to assessassess the impact of advertising on children.the impact of advertising on children.正在起草一份报告来评估广告对孩子的影响正在起草一份报告来评估广告对孩子的影响..

2. The annual income of school teachers in 2. The annual income of school teachers in this place wasthis place was assessedassessed at at ＄＄900.900.这地方的学校教师的年收入为这地方的学校教师的年收入为900900美元。美元。

Language pointsLanguage points(be) subject to(be) subject to

(one) must obey the rule(one) must obey the rule服从的服从的

1. All citizens in this nation 1. All citizens in this nation are subject toare subject to the law.the law.这个国家的全体公民都必须服从法律这个国家的全体公民都必须服从法律

2. All such gatherings 2. All such gatherings are subject toare subject to the the laws on political meetings. laws on political meetings. 所有这样的集会都受有关政治集会法令的管束。所有这样的集会都受有关政治集会法令的管束。

Language pointsLanguage pointsas a ruleas a rule

in general; for the most part in general; for the most part 通常；总体上：通常；总体上：

1. 1. As a ruleAs a rule, we take the bus., we take the bus.通常，我乘公共汽车通常，我乘公共汽车

2. 2. As a general ruleAs a general rule most students finish most students finish their coursework by the end of June.their coursework by the end of June.大多数学生通常在六月底之前结课。大多数学生通常在六月底之前结课。

Language pointsLanguage points

1. You may not like him, but you have got 1. You may not like him, but you have got to to admireadmire his persistence.his persistence.你可以不喜欢他，但是你不得不佩服他那种坚你可以不喜欢他，但是你不得不佩服他那种坚

韧的精神。韧的精神。

2. She is always looking in the mirror, 2. She is always looking in the mirror, admiringadmiring herself!herself!她常常对着镜子自我欣赏。她常常对着镜子自我欣赏。

Language pointsLanguage pointsauthorizeauthorize (between, from)(between, from)

to grant authority or power to to grant authority or power to

授权区分，差别授权区分，差别, , 区别对待，区分区别对待，区分

Language pointsLanguage points

1. She has 1. She has authorizedauthorized her partner to her partner to negotiate on her behalf.negotiate on her behalf.她已授权其同伴为她的利益谈判。她已授权其同伴为她的利益谈判。

2. The relevant city agency has not 2. The relevant city agency has not authorized authorized the construction project.the construction project.有关城市机构还没有批准该工程建设项目。有关城市机构还没有批准该工程建设项目。

Language pointsLanguage pointsIt is only one hundred years since one of It is only one hundred years since one of the Wright bothers of North Carolina in the Wright bothers of North Carolina in USA, managed to stay in the air in a USA, managed to stay in the air in a mechanically powered homemechanically powered home--made kite made kite for twelve seconds.for twelve seconds.

It is +It is +一段时间一段时间+ since++ since+从句（从句时态从句（从句时态 用过去时），这是固定用法：表示用过去时），这是固定用法：表示““自自

从从……以来以来,,已经有已经有…………长时间了。长时间了。”” 例如：例如：It is ten years since I saw him last. It is ten years since I saw him last. 自从我最后一次见他已经过去自从我最后一次见他已经过去1010年了。年了。

Language pointsLanguage pointsIt has many advantages over other modes It has many advantages over other modes of transportof transport

这里的这里的““overover””是介词，意思为是介词，意思为““compared withcompared with””，与，与…………相比。相比。例如：例如：He has the advantage of speed He has the advantage of speed over his competitorsover his competitors。。他在速度上比他的对手们占优势。他在速度上比他的对手们占优势。

Language pointsLanguage pointsThis is extremely important for smaller This is extremely important for smaller exporters who may not be able to afford exporters who may not be able to afford having their capital tied up for three months having their capital tied up for three months while a ship completes its voyage.while a ship completes its voyage.

结构结构““have sth donehave sth done””的意思为的意思为““使某事被使某事被 做做””。例如：。例如：

They have their car serviced at the They have their car serviced at the garage every half a year.garage every half a year.他们每半年到修车厂维修他们的汽车。他们每半年到修车厂维修他们的汽车。

Language pointsLanguage points““who maywho may…”…” 是 定 语 从 句 修 饰 先行词是 定 语 从 句 修 饰 先行词

““exportersexporters””，，““while a shipwhile a ship…”…”是该定语从是该定语从 句中的时间状语从句。句中的时间状语从句。

SummarySummary

SummarySummaryAir transport, although it has only a short Air transport, although it has only a short history, is beginning to play an important role history, is beginning to play an important role in cargo freight in international trade, due to in cargo freight in international trade, due to its fast speed, smaller risks, and freedom from its fast speed, smaller risks, and freedom from natural topographical obstacles. Nevertheless, natural topographical obstacles. Nevertheless, it also has its drawbacks such as higher cost it also has its drawbacks such as higher cost and limited carrying capacity, among others. and limited carrying capacity, among others. In air transportation, the most important In air transportation, the most important document is Air Waybill, which, unlike the document is Air Waybill, which, unlike the marine bill of lading, is a straight bill and is marine bill of lading, is a straight bill and is normally not negotiable.normally not negotiable.

Comprehension Comprehension questionsquestions

Comprehension questionsComprehension questions

1.1. What are the two chief advantages of What are the two chief advantages of air transport?air transport?

2.2. What are the disadvantages of air What are the disadvantages of air transport?transport?

3.3. What does the speed of delivery What does the speed of delivery mean?mean?

Comprehension questionsComprehension questions

4.4. Please talk about packing of the cargo Please talk about packing of the cargo that is transported by air.that is transported by air.

5.5. What kind of goods are not suitable for What kind of goods are not suitable for air transport?air transport?

6.6. What is Air Waybill? Please explain it What is Air Waybill? Please explain it fully?fully?

©© 2007 UIBE. All rights reserved.2007 UIBE. All rights reserved.This presentation is for informational purposes only. UIBE MAKESThis presentation is for informational purposes only. UIBE MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN THIS SUMMARY.NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN THIS SUMMARY.