Chapter 9 Roman Art.
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Transcript of Chapter 9 Roman Art.
Chapter 9 Roman Art The Rising Power of Rome
Under the Etruscan kings, Rome became an important city.
[ih-truhs-kuhn] In 509 B.C. the Romans drove the Etruscans out and
established a republic. During the following centuries, Rome became
stronger and conquered territories as far away as Britain and
Mesopotamia. Roman artists admired Greek art and emulated it. Greek
Influence Roman art copied from Greeks Imported Greek works
Employed Greek Artists Contributed to the development of
architecture Roman Sculpture & Painting
Influence of Greek Artists Desire for life-like portraits Wax Masks
of deceased family members Later replaced with marble Molded mask
of a girl with funerary inscription from Roman Gaul Difference
Between Greek & Roman Sculpture
Idealistic Portraits Designed for public monuments Entire figure
Just head was thought as incomplete Realistic Portraits Served
private needs Wanted sculptures to remind viewers of specific
people Persons character best shown through the face Portrait Heads
Double Portrait Exact duplicate of real people
Wrinkles and imperfections Suggests personality and charcter Bust
of Cato and Portia. Roman. Late First Century Mural Painting
Wealthy Romans obtained numerous works of art
Disliked hanging artwork- murals instead Mural- large picture
painted directly onto a wall Artists tried to depict the real world
as accurate as possible Landscapes, buildings ( looking out a
window) After Pompeii was excavated, they found that almost every
house had a mural Pompeii Preserved by the eruption of volcano
Vesuvius ( 79 A.D.)
Bedroom from Villa of P. Fannius Synistor. Pompeian, Boscoreale.
First Century B.C.Fresco on lime plaster Flora, or Spring Resort at
the Bay of Naples, Italy First Century A.D.
What new skills are present? Roman Architecture Built roads, sea
routes and harbors
City Services: aqueducts [ak-wi-duhkt] and sewer systems Public
buildings Temples Made use of features in Greek architecture
Ionic Columns No surrounding columns Half columns for decorative
pattern Temples Made use of features in Greek architecture Greeks
used columns for structural support- Romans used them for
decoration Maison Carre, Southern France , First Century B.C.
Temple Complex in Palestrina
Praeneste [pree-nes-tee]- originated when a peasant found a tablet
in the woods The history of the town was recorded on the tablet
even though the city did not yet exist They built a temple to house
a statue of Fortuna ( goddess of good fortune) tablet placed inside
statue Became the home of a famous oracle Christianity took over
and banished the oracleand the temple was destroyed After the fall
of Rome, a town was built on that site After the bombing in WWII
the ruins of the huge temple were discovered Design of the Temple
Complex
Barrel Vault- series of round arches from front to back that form a
tunnel Made it possible to cover huge rooms and halls with
half-round ceilings Walls were so heavy and thick, windowless walls
were needed to support them Innovations in Structure and
Materials
Post and Lintel Arches Limited the space builders could bridge
Stone lintel would break Keystone was used to hold stones in place
Used concrete Lesson 2: Buildings and Monuments
Chapter 9 Greek Art Lesson 2: Buildings and Monuments Roman
Buildings and Monuments
Emperor Agustus boasted that he found Rome a city of brick and
stone and left it a city of marble. Built baths Circuses Forums
Amphitheaters The Baths Vast enclosed structures that contained
libraries, lecture rooms, gymnasiums, shops, restaurants, and
walkways ( in addition to a swimming pool.obviously) Design of
Baths Every Roman city had baths
A series of rooms with rooms of progressively cooler water. The
calidarium: [ Kal- darium] hot water pool (entered first) Second
bath room, the tepidarium- warm bath awaited Frigidarium- cool bath
The Baths of Caracalla [kar-uh-kal-uh]
Most famous Caracalla (emperor) Third century A.D. Rome, Italy
Sprawled out to 30 acres 750 ft tall by 380 feet Central Hall-
180ft X 77ft wide Concrete groin vaults Groin vault: two barrel
vaults meet at right angles
Enabled builders to cover a very large area. Also allowed windows!
Buildings for Sports Events