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Chapter 9 Food How Humans Impact Land Farming

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Starvation Lack of calories/ people usually die from disease Malnutrition Lack of an essential nutrient in diet such as protein 1 in 3 people in world are malnourished 20,000 people die every day Why People Go Hungry

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Why People Go Hungry? There is enough food for everyone in the world but what is the problem? 1. Political troubles- civil war, food stolen 2. Transportation- lack infrastructure or food distribution network Roads and rail lines broken and need repair 3. Droughts periods rainfall less than average 4. Famines food shortage that lasts a long time and causes malnutrition in people

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Agriculture and Soil Chapter 9.2 Describe fertile soil Describe methods to prevent soil erosion Describe desertification Compare low input and conventional farming

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Fertile soil- soil that can support rapid growth of healthy plants Soil erosion- wearing away of topsoil by wind and water. Desertification- fertile soil is lost and land becomes desert-like Low in put farming- farming without a lot of energy, pesticides, fertilizer, and water Conventional farming- farming with a lot of energy, pesticides, fertilizer, and water

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Conventional Not sustainable Uses lots of : Water Fuel Pesticides Fertilizers Low Input Sustainable Uses less: Water Fuel Pesticides Fertilizers Drip irrigation mulch pesticides Pivot irrigation

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Was there ever a time in U.S. when people were starving? Yes- !930s Dust Bowl or Dirty Thirties Severe drought and windstorm covered midwest states during 1930s Deep plowing of virgin topsoil of Great Plains Removed native, deep-rooted grasses that trapped soil No plants covering ground plus a major drought and windstorm http://www.history.com/topics/dust-bowl

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The Dust Bowl

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After the Dust Bowl Began age of modern farming Methods to prevent erosion and conserve soil 1. contour plowing- plowing along contour of land, across the slope

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2. No-till farming- seeds of new crop are planted into slits cut into previous crop

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3. Crop rotation-growing different kinds of crops in succession on the same land

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4. Biological Pest Control also called Integrated Pest Management (IPM)- control pests with beneficial insects