Chapter 8 ReviewChapter 8 ReviewChapter 8 ReviewChapter 8 Review

History and Culture of Latin History and Culture of Latin AmericaAmerica

1

• Another term for corn

• maize

2

• form of writing that uses signs and symbols

• heiroglyphics

3

• farm product grown for export

• cash crop

4

• A cowboy of Latin America – known for roaming the Pampas of Argentina

• gaucho

5

• high ranking military officers who ruled as dictators

• caudillo

6

• Spanish conquerors

• conquistadors

7

• a person who moves from place to place to find work

• migrant worker

8• A factory in

Mexico used to assemble products – owned by a foreign company

• maquiladora

9

• A person of mixed Native American and European descent

• mestizo

10

• A large festival held on the last day before Lent

• carnival

11• A common

tradition at this celebration is when a girl exchanges her flat shoes for high heels

• quinceanera

12

• A language that is made by combining parts of different languages

• pidgin language

13

• Latin America’s first civilization

• Olmec

14

• Ancient civilization known for building roads and irrigation systems

• Inca

15

• The civilization that developed hieroglyphics and a numbering system

• Maya

16

• Ancient civilization known for holding a monopoly on trade because they had developed weapons from obsidian

• Toltec

17

• Civilization that built their capital city on an island and developed floating gardens

• Aztec

18

• Conquered the Aztec

• Hernan Cortes

19

• Enslaved African who led a revolt in Haiti against French rule

• Toussaint-Louverture

20

• Led the fight for independence in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia

• Simon Bolivar

21• Catholic priest

who urged poorer Mexicans to fight for freedom from Spanish rule

• Miguel Hidalgo

22

• Conquered the Inca

• Francisco Pizarro

23

• Led a revolution in Cuba in 1959

• Fidel Castro

24

• Official language of most countries in Latin America

• Spanish

25

• Official language in Brazil

• Portuguese

26

• Main religion practiced in most Latin American countries

• Roman Catholic

27• Designed to

shorten the distance from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean

• Panama Canal

28• Builders of the

Panama Canal had to battle this disease

• malaria

29• People from

Puerto Rico do not pay this even though they receive welfare from the Federal government

• Income tax

30• A celebration to

honor the dead and make peace with death

• Day of the Dead

31

• A celebration to honor a girl as she turns 15

• Quinceanera

32

• Many Latin Americans migrate to the U.S. to give their families a better . . .

• way of life

33

• Three sports popular in Latin America

• Soccer, baseball, cricket

34• One of the

most important things to the people of Latin America

• family

35• Who makes up

the work force in a maquiladora?

• young women

Essay Question• Describe at least two reasons why

the people of Puerto Rico would like to remain a commonwealth of the United States rather than become a state

Essay Question• What is the significance of

exchanging flat shoes for high heels in the quinceanera celebration?

Bonus Question• Which country was the second

country in the world to play baseball?

• Cuba