Chapter 8 Resource Masters - MHSchool · PDF fileChapter 8 Test, Form 3 ... (final)...

Chapter 8Resource Masters

Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission isgranted to reproduce the material contained herein on the condition that suchmaterial be reproduced only for classroom use; be provided to students, teachers,and families without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with GlencoeCalifornia Mathematics, Grade 6. Any other reproduction, for use or sale, isprohibited without prior written permission of the publisher.

Send all inquiries to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus, OH 43240

ISBN: 978-0-07-878303-6MHID: 0-07-878303-8 CAGR6 CRM8

Printed in the United States of America

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 MAL 14 13 12 11 10 09

Consumable Workbooks Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter Resource Masters

booklets are available as consumable workbooks in both English and Spanish.

MHID ISBNStudy Guide and Intervention Workbook 0-07-878871-4 978-0-07-878871-0

Skills Practice Workbook 0-07-878873-0 978-0-07-878873-4

Practice Workbook 0-07-878875-7 978-0-07-878875-8

Word Problem Practice Workbook 0-07-878877-3 978-0-07-878877-2

Spanish VersionsStudy Guide and Intervention Workbook 0-07-878872-2 978-0-07-878872-7Skills Practice Workbook 0-07-878874-9 978-0-07-878874-1Practice Workbook 0-07-878876-5 978-0-07-878876-5Word Problem Practice Workbook 0-07-878878-1 978-0-07-878878-9

Answers for Workbooks The answers for Chapter 8 of these workbooks can be found in the

back of this Chapter Resource Masters booklet.

StudentWorks Plus™ This CD-ROM includes the entire Student Edition test along with the

English workbooks listed above.

TeacherWorks Plus™ All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing,

printing, and editing in this CD-ROM.

Spanish Assessment Masters MHID: 0-07-878879-X ISBN: 978-0-07-878879-6

These masters contain a Spanish version of Chapter 8 Test Form 2A and Form 2C.

iii

Teacher’s Guide to Using the Chapter 8 Resource Masters .........................................iv

Chapter Resources Chapter 8 Student-Built Glossary ......................1Chapter 8 Family Letter (English) ......................3Chapter 8 Family Activity (English) ....................4Chapter 8 Family Letter (Spanish) .....................5Chapter 8 Family Activity (Spanish)...................6Chapter 8 Anticipation Guide (English)..............7Chapter 8 Anticipation Guide (Spanish) ............8

Lesson 8-1 Line PlotsLesson Reading Guide ......................................9Study Guide and Intervention ..........................10Skills Practice...................................................11Practice ............................................................12Word Problem Practice ....................................13Enrichment .......................................................14Spreadsheet Activity ........................................15

Lesson 8-2 Measures of CentralTendency and RangeLesson Reading Guide ....................................16Study Guide and Intervention ..........................17Skills Practice...................................................18Practice ............................................................19Word Problem Practice ....................................20Enrichment .......................................................21TI-73 Activity ....................................................22

Lesson 8-3 Stem-and-Leaf PlotsLesson Reading Guide ....................................23Study Guide and Intervention ..........................24Skills Practice...................................................25Practice ............................................................26Word Problem Practice ....................................27Enrichment .......................................................28

Lesson 8-4 Bar Graphs andHistogramsLesson Reading Guide ....................................29Study Guide and Intervention ..........................30Skills Practice...................................................31Practice ............................................................32Word Problem Practice ....................................33Enrichment .......................................................34

Lesson 8-5 Problem-SolvingInvestigation: Use a GraphStudy Guide and Intervention ..........................35Skills Practice...................................................36Practice ............................................................37Word Problem Practice ....................................38

Lesson 8-6 Using Graphs to PredictLesson Reading Guide ....................................39Study Guide and Intervention ..........................40Skills Practice...................................................41Practice ............................................................42Word Problem Practice ....................................43Enrichment .......................................................44

Lesson 8-7 Using Data to PredictLesson Reading Guide ....................................45Study Guide and Intervention ..........................46Skills Practice...................................................47Practice ............................................................48Word Problem Practice ....................................49Enrichment .......................................................50Scientific Calculator Activity .............................51

Lesson 8-8 Using Sampling to PredictLesson Reading Guide ....................................52Study Guide and Intervention ..........................53Skills Practice...................................................54Practice ............................................................55Word Problem Practice ....................................56Enrichment .......................................................57

Lesson 8-9 Misleading StatisticsLesson Reading Guide ....................................58Study Guide and Intervention ..........................59Skills Practice...................................................60Practice ............................................................61Word Problem Practice ....................................62Enrichment .......................................................63TI-83/84 Plus Activity .......................................64

Chapter 8 AssessmentStudent Recording Sheet ................................65Rubric for Scoring Pre-AP................................66Chapter 8 Quizzes 1 and 2 ..............................67Chapter 8 Quizzes 3 and 4 ..............................68Chapter 8 Mid-Chapter Test .............................69Chapter 8 Vocabulary Test ...............................70Chapter 8 Test, Form 1 ....................................71Chapter 8 Test, Form 2A..................................73Chapter 8 Test, Form 2B..................................75Chapter 8 Test, Form 2C..................................77Chapter 8 Test, Form 2D..................................79Chapter 8 Test, Form 3 ....................................81Chapter 8 Extended-Response Test ................83Chapter 8 Standardized Test Practice..............84

Answers..................................................A1–A39

Contents

iv

Teacher’s Guide to Using the Chapter 8 Resource Masters

The Chapter 8 Resource Masters includes the core materials needed for Chapter 8. Thesematerials include worksheets, extensions, and assessment options. The answers for thesepages appear at the back of this booklet.

All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing and printing on theTeacherWorks Plus™ CD-ROM.

Chapter ResourcesStudent-Built Glossary (pages 1–2) Thesemasters are a student study tool thatpresents up to twenty of the key vocabularyterms from the chapter. Students are torecord definitions and/or examples for eachterm. You may suggest that studentshighlight or star the terms with which theyare not familiar. Give this to students beforebeginning Lesson 8-1. Encourage them toadd these pages to their mathematics studynotebooks. Remind them to complete theappropriate words as they study each lesson.

Family Letter and Family Activity(pages 3–6) The letter informs yourstudents’ families of the mathematics theywill be learning in this chapter. The familyactivity helps them to practice problems thatare similar to those on the state test. A fullsolution for each problem is included.Spanish versions of these pages are alsoincluded. Give these to students to takehome before beginning the chapter.

Anticipation Guide (pages 7–8) Thismaster, presented in both English andSpanish, is a survey used before beginningthe chapter to pinpoint what students mayor may not know about the concepts in thechapter. Students will revisit this surveyafter they complete the chapter to see iftheir perceptions have changed.

Lesson ResourcesLesson Reading Guide Get Ready for theLesson reiterates the questions from thebeginning of the Student Edition lesson.Read the Lesson asks students to interpretthe context of and relationships amongterms in the lesson. Finally, RememberWhat You Learned asks students tosummarize what they have learned usingvarious representation techniques. Use as astudy tool for note taking or as an informalreading assignment. It is also a helpful toolfor ELL (English Language Learners).

Study Guide and Intervention Thismaster provides vocabulary, key concepts,additional worked-out examples and CheckYour Progress exercises to use as areteaching activity. It can also be used inconjunction with the Student Edition as aninstructional tool for students who havebeen absent.

Skills Practice This master focuses moreon the computational nature of the lesson.Use as an additional practice option or ashomework for second-day teaching of thelesson.

Practice This master closely follows thetypes of problems found in the Exercisessection of the Student Edition and includesword problems. Use as an additionalpractice option or as homework for second-day teaching of the lesson.

v

Word Problem Practice This masterincludes additional practice in solving wordproblems that apply the concepts of thelesson. Use as an additional practice or ashomework for second-day teaching of thelesson.

Enrichment These activities may extendthe concepts of the lesson, offer a historicalor multicultural look at the concepts, orwiden students’ perspectives on themathematics they are learning. They arewritten for use with all levels of students.

Graphing Calculator, ScientificCalculator, or Spreadsheet ActivitiesThese activities present ways in whichtechnology can be used with the concepts insome lessons of this chapter. Use as analternative approach to some concepts or asan integral part of your lesson presentation.

Assessment OptionsThe assessment masters in the Chapter 8Resource Masters offer a wide range ofassessment tools for formative (monitoring)assessment and summative (final) assessment.

Student Recording Sheet This mastercorresponds with the standardized testpractice at the end of the chapter.

Pre-AP Rubric This master providesinformation for teachers and students onhow to assess performance on open-endedquestions.

Quizzes Four free-response quizzes offerassessment at appropriate intervals in thechapter.

Mid-Chapter Test This 1-page testprovides an option to assess the first half ofthe chapter. It parallels the timing of theMid-Chapter Quiz in the Student Editionand includes both multiple-choice and free-response questions.

Vocabulary Test This test is suitable forall students. It includes a list of vocabularywords and 10 questions to assess students’knowledge of those words. This can also beused in conjunction with one of the leveledchapter tests.

Leveled Chapter Tests• Form 1 contains multiple-choice questions

and is intended for use with below gradelevel students.

• Forms 2A and 2B contain multiple-choicequestions aimed at on grade levelstudents. These tests are similar in formatto offer comparable testing situations.

• Forms 2C and 2D contain free-responsequestions aimed at on grade levelstudents. These tests are similar in formatto offer comparable testing situations.

• Form 3 is a free-response test for use withabove grade level students.

All of the above mentioned tests include afree-response Bonus question.

Extended-Response Test Performanceassessment tasks are suitable for allstudents. Sample answers and a scoringrubric are included for evaluation.

Standardized Test Practice These threepages are cumulative in nature. It includesthree parts: multiple-choice questions withbubble-in answer format, griddablequestions with answer grids, and short-answer free-response questions.

Answers• The answers for the Anticipation Guide

and Lesson Resources are provided asreduced pages with answers appearing in red.

• Full-size answer keys are provided for theassessment masters.

Chapter 8 1 Glencoe California Mathematics, Grade 6

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Student-Built Glossary

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esThis is an alphabetical list of new vocabulary terms you will learn inChapter 8. As you study the chapter, complete each term’s definitionor description. Remember to add the page number where you foundthe term. Add this page to your math study notebook to reviewvocabulary at the end of the chapter.

8

Vocabulary TermFound

Definition/Description/Exampleon Page

analyze

bar graph

cluster

data

histogram

leaf

line graph

line plot


Vocabulary TermFound

Definition/Description/Exampleon Page

mean

measures of central tendency

median

mode

outlier

range

scatter plot

statistics

stem

stem-and-leaf-plot

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Student-Built Glossary(continued)

8

Family LetterNAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


Dear Parent or Guardian:

We are often overwhelmed with large amounts of data, but

organizing data into tables and graphs can help us make sense

of it all. Once the data are organized, we can identify patterns

and make predictions. We can then make reasonable decisions

based on the information we see. Knowing how to correctly

interpret the statistics can help keep us from making incorrect

decisions based on the data.

In Chapter 8, Statistics: Analyzing Data, your child will learn

several different ways to describe, analyze, and interpret data.

Your child will learn about line plots, measures of central tendency

and range, stem-and-leaf plots, bar graphs, histograms, line

graphs, scatter plots, and about selecting an appropriate display.

Additionally, your child will learn to use a graph in solving

problems and to wade through misleading statistics. In the study

of this chapter, your child will complete a variety of daily classroom

assignments and activities and possibly produce a chapter project.

By signing this letter and returning it with your child, you agree

to encourage your child by getting involved. Enclosed is an

activity you can do with your child that practices how the math

we will be learning in Chapter 8 might be tested. You may also

wish to log on to ca.gr6math.com for self-check quizzes and

other study help. If you have any questions or comments, feel

free to contact me at school.

Sincerely,

Signature of Parent or Guardian ______________________________________ Date ________

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Family ActivityStandards Practice

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


1. Find the median of the set of numberson the stem-and-leaf plot below.

stem leaf0 1 4 71 8 92 3 5 6 63 0 0 0 14 2 35 4 6 1 | 8 � 18

What number is the median?

A 25 C 30B 26 D 31

Fold here.

Solution1. Hint: The key indicates that the number on

the left of the stem-and-leaf plot is the tensplace and the numbers on the right of theline are the ones place. For example, thefirst line represents the numbers 1, 4, and7. The median is the number in the middleof a set when the set is listed in ascendingor descending order.

The median is the middle number in theset. There are 17 numbers in the set, sothe middle is the 9th number (there areeight numbers on either side of it in theset). The top left leaf represents theleast number. Count each leaf in orderto find the 9th number. The median ofthis set is 26.

The answer is B.

2. Constance found the mean and medianof her first five quiz scores, 87, 89, 89,92, and 95. If she receives an 85 on hernext quiz, then

A the mean would increase.B the mean would decrease.C the median would increase.D the median would decrease.

Solution2. Hint: Find the mean and median of the

original five scores first. The mean of aset of data is the sum of the data dividedby the number of items in the data set.The median of a set of data is the middlenumber of the ordered date, or the meanof the middle two numbers.

The mean of the original data set is or 90.4. The

median is 89. If 85 is added to theoriginal data set, the median remainsthe same, 89, and the mean becomes89.5. So, if 85 is added to the data set,the mean would decrease.

The answer is B.

87 � 89 � 89 � 82 � 95��

5

8

Fold the page along the dashed line. Work each problem on another piece of paper.Then unfold the page to check your work.

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Carta a la familiaNOMBRE ______________________________________ FECHA ____________ PERÍODO ___

Capítulo 8 5 Glencoe California Mathematics, Grade 6

Estimado padre o apoderado:

A menudo, nos abruman las grandes cantidades de datos, pero al

organizarlos en tablas y gráficas los comprendemos mejor. Una vez

organizados los datos, podemos identificar patrones y hacer predic-

ciones. Entonces, somos capaces de tomar decisiones razonables en

base a la información observada. El saber cómo interpretar correcta-

mente las estadísticas nos ayuda a tomar decisiones correctas en base

a los datos.

En el Capítulo 8, Estadística: Analiza datos, su hijo(a) aprenderá

varias maneras de describir, analizar e interpretar datos. Aprenderá

acerca de esquemas lineales, medidas de tendencia central y rango,

gráficas de tallo y hojas, gráficas de barras, histogramas, gráficas

lineales, gráficas de dispersión y sobre cómo seleccionar un despliegue

adecuado. Además su hijo(a) aprenderá a usar gráficas para resolver

problemas y discernir estadísticas engañosas. En el estudio de este

capítulo, su hijo(a) completará una variedad de tareas y actividades

diarias y es posible que trabaje en un proyecto del capítulo.

Al firmar esta carta y devolverla con su hijo(a), usted se comprom-

ete a ayudarlo(a) a participar en su aprendizaje. Junto con esta

carta, va incluida una actividad que puede realizar con él(ella) y la

cual practica lo que podrían encontrar en las pruebas de los concep-

tos matemáticos que aprenderán en el Capítulo 8. Además, visiten

ca.gr6math.com para ver autocontroles y otras ayudas para el estu-

dio. Si tiene cualquier pregunta o comentario, por favor contácteme

en la escuela.Cordialmente,

Firma del padre o apoderado ________________________________________ Fecha ______

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Actividad en familiaPráctica de estándares


1. Calculen la mediana del conjunto denúmeros en la gráfica de tallo y hojas.

tallo hojas0 1 4 71 8 92 3 5 6 63 0 0 0 14 2 35 4 6 1 | 8 � 18

¿Qué número es la mediana?

A 25 C 30B 26 D 31

Doblen aquí.

Solución1. Ayuda: La clave indica que el número a la

izquierda de la gráfica de tallo y hojas esel lugar de las decenas y los números a laderecha, el lugar de las unidades. Porejemplo, la primera línea representa losnúmeros 1, 4 y 7. La mediana es elnúmero en el medio de un conjuntocuando el conjunto se ordena de maneraascendente o descendente.

La mediana es el número del medio enel conjunto. Hay 17 números en elconjunto, de modo que el del medio es elnúmero noveno (hay ocho números acada uno de sus lados en el conjunto). Lahoja superior izquierda representa elnúmero menor. Cuenten cada una de lashojas para hallar el número noveno. Lamediana de este conjunto es 26.

La respuesta es B.

2. Constance calculó la media y lamediana de las calificaciones que sacóen sus primeros cinco controles: 87, 89,89, 92 y 95. Si ella saca 85 en supróximo control, entonces

A la media aumentaría.B la media disminuiría.C la mediana aumentaría.D la mediana disminuiría.

Solución2. Ayuda: Primero calcula la media y la

mediana de las cinco calificacionesoriginales. La media de un conjunto dedatos es la suma de los datos divididaentre el número de elementos en elconjunto de datos. La mediana de unconjunto de datos es el número central ola media de los dos números centrales,después de ordenar los datos.

La media del conjunto original de datos

es ó 90.4. La

mediana es 89. Si se suma 85 al conjuntooriginal de datos, la mediana permaneceigual, 89, y la media se convierte en 89.5.Entonces, si se suma 85 al conjunto dedatos, la media disminuiría.

La respuesta es B.

87 � 89 � 89 � 82 � 95��

5

Doblen la página a lo largo de las líneas punteadas. Resuelvan cada problema en otra hoja de papel. Luego, desdoblen la página y revisen las respuestas.

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8NOMBRE ______________________________________ FECHA ____________ PERÍODO ___

Before you begin Chapter 8

• Read each statement.

• Decide whether you Agree (A) or Disagree (D) with the statement.

• Write A or D in the first column OR if you are not sure whether you agree or disagree, write NS (Not Sure).

After you complete Chapter 8

• Reread each statement and complete the last column by entering an A or a D.

• Did any of your opinions about the statements change from the first column?

• For those statements that you mark with a D, use a piece of paper to write an example of why you disagree.

Anticipation GuideStastistics: Analyzing Data


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Step 2

Step 1

STEP 1 Statement STEP 2A, D, or NS A or D

1. When drawing a number line for a line plot you must always start the number line at 0.

2. The mean of a set of data is the sum of the data divided by the number of items in the data set.

3. The mode of a set of data is the middle number of the ordered data.

4. In a stem-and-leaf plot of the data 12, 15, 22, 10, 26, 37,14, and 36, the leaves would be formed by the digits 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

5. The bars of a bar graph must have equal widths but the bars of a histogram can have different widths.

6. The same conclusions can be drawn about a data set just as easily from either a chart or a graph.

7. Line graphs are better to predict future events than scatter plots.

8. Since all graphs are useful to help draw conclusions about a set of data, any graph may be chosen to represent that set.

9. Using a scale of uneven intervals on a graph can result in misleading information.

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8

NOMBRE ______________________________________ FECHA ____________ PERÍODO ___

Ejercicios preparatoriosEstadísticas: Analiza datos

Copyright ©

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8

PASO 2

Antes de comenzar el Capítulo 8

• Lee cada enunciado.

• Decide si estás de acuerdo (A) o en desacuerdo (D) con el enunciado.

• Escribe A o D en la primera columna O si no estás seguro(a) de la respuesta,escribe NS (No estoy seguro(a).

Después de completar el Capítulo 8

• Vuelve a leer cada enunciado y completa la última columna con una A o una D.

• ¿Cambió cualquiera de tus opiniones sobre los enunciados de la primera columna?

• En una hoja de papel aparte, escribe un ejemplo de por qué estás en desacuerdo con losenunciados que marcaste con una D.

PASO 1

PASO 1 PASO 2A, D o NS

EnunciadoA o D

1. Al dibujar una recta numérica para un esquema lineal debes empezar siempre la recta numérica en 0.

2. El promedio de un conjunto de datos es la suma de los datos en el conjunto dividido entre el número de elementos de dicho conjunto.

3. La moda de un conjunto de datos es el número medio de los datos ordenados.

4. En un diagrama de tallo y hojas para los datos 12, 15, 22, 10, 26, 37, 14 y 36, las hojas se formarían por los dígitos 0, 2, 4, 5, 6 y 7.

5. Las barras de una gráfica de barras deben tener el mismo ancho pero las barras de un histograma pueden tener anchos diferentes.

6. Las mismas conclusiones sobre un conjunto de datos es posible obtenerlas tanto de un cuadro como de una gráfica.

7. Las graficas de líneas son mejores para predecir eventos futuros que las gráficas de dispersión.

8. Dado que todos las gráficas son útiles para sacar conclusiones sobre conjuntos de datos, se puede usar cualquier gráfica para representar dicho conjunto.

9. Usar una escala de intervalos irregulares para una gráfica puede resultar en información errónea.


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Less

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8–1


Get Ready for the LessonRead the introduction at the top of page 396 in your textbook. Writeyour answers below.

1. Do any of the values seem much greater or much less than the other datavalues?

2. Do some of the buildings have the same number of stories? Is this easy tosee? Explain.

Read the Lesson3. If the least number of a data set is 75 and the greatest number in the set

is 200, what is the range?

4. Give an example of a set of data for which you could create a line plot.

5. If you see a gap in a line plot, what do you know about that interval?

Remember What You Learned6. Discuss what pieces of information a line plot can provide for a set of

data.

Lesson Reading GuideLine Plots

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-1 6SDAP1.1, 6SDAP1.2

Example 1

Exercises

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Study Guide and InterventionLine Plots


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8-1

SHOE SIZE The table shows the shoe size of studentsin Mr. Kowa’s classroom. Make a line plot of thedata.

Step 1 Draw a number line. Because the smallest size is 4 and the largestsize is 14, you can use a scale of 4 to 14 and an interval of 2.

Step 2 Put an “�” above the number that represents the shoe size of eachstudent.

Use the line plot in Example 1. Identify any clusters, gaps, or outliers and analyze the data by using these values. What is

the range of data?

Many of the data cluster around 6 and 10. You could say that most of the shoe sizes are 6 or10. There is a gap between 11 and 14, so there are no shoe sizes in this range. The number14 appears removed from the rest of the data, so it would be considered an outlier. Thismeans that the shoe size of 14 is very large and is not representative of the whole data set.

The greatest shoe size is 14, and the smallest is 4. The range is 14 – 4 or 10.

PETS For Exercises 1–3 use the table at the right that shows the number of pets owned by different families.

1. Make a line plot of the data.

2. Identify any clusters, gaps, or outliers.

3. What is the range of the data?

A line plot is a diagram that shows the frequency of data on a number line.

Shoe Sizes10 06 0405 11 1006 09 0607 11 0705 10 06

Number of Pets2 1 2 03 1 1 28 3 1 4

� ��

��

� � � ��

4 6 8 10 12

�

14

� ��

��

��

Example 2

0610081410

6SDAP1.1, 6SDAP1.2

Skills Practice Line Plots


Less

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For Exercises 1–3, use the data at the right that shows thenumber of fish each person caught on a fishing trip.



3. Identify any clusters, gaps, or outliers and analyze the data by describing what thesevalues represent.

Make a line plot for each set of data. Identify any clusters, gaps, oroutliers.

4. 5.

For Exercises 6–8, use the line plot at the right.


7. What number occurred most often?


Number of Fish3 1 0 1 0

1 2 3 1 4

2 1 2 3 0

1 2 3 2 7

83 84 92 9182 81 80 9485 95 96 8494 98 93 90

Rainfall (in.)3 2 4 31 8 7 32 9 4 0

� ��

��

��

��

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

�

� ��

Test Scores

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-1 6SDAP1.1, 6SDAP1.2

Display each set of data in a line plot.

1. 2.

3. 4.

RAINFALL For Exercises 5–9, analyze the line plot that shows theamount of daily rainfall in inches during 30 consecutive days in arainy season.

5. Find the range of the data.

6. How many days did it rain more than 1.0 inch?

7. What rainfall amount occurred most often?


0 0.5 1.0 1.5 4.54.03.52.0 2.5 3.0

Daily Rainfall (inches)

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Practice Line Plots


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8-1

Weights of Dogs (pounds)21 12 33 14 178 30 18 15 2514 21 14 19 12

Quiz Scores88 94 83 94 9099 78 88 94 8490 88 96 86 93

Drying Time (minutes)15 16 13 14 15 1614 16 13 16 15 1414 13 16 15 14 15

Miles Driven132 115 95 111 108 94124 113 125 95 110 115122 107 99 115 121 133

6SDAP1.1, 6SDAP1.2

Word Problem PracticeLine Plots


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TELEVISION SETS For Exercises 1–6, use the table below. It shows thenumber of television sets owned by 30 different families.

1. Make a line plot for the data. 2. How many televisions do most familiesown?

3. What is the greatest number oftelevisions owned by a family?


5. Identify any clusters, gaps, or outliers,if any exist, and explain what theymean.

6. Describe how the range of the datawould change if 5 were not part of thedata set.

Number of TVs2 1 2 4 3 02 3 2 3 4 21 2 2 3 4 03 1 3 2 1 25 3 4 3 0 0

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-1 6SDAP1.1, 6SDAP1.2

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

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Enhanced Line PlotsYou have learned to create line plots to analyze given data. Sometimes altering a line plotcan show even more information about a data set.

SPORTS For Exercises 1–4, use the following data about the Super Bowl.The National Football League began choosing its champion in the Super Bowl in 1967. Thelist below shows the margin of victory and the winning league for the first 40 Super Bowlgames. In the list, A indicates that the winning team is from the American FootballConference (AFC), N indicates that the winning team is from the National FootballConference.

1. Make a line plot of the numerical data.

2. What do you observe about the winning margins?

3. Make a new line plot for the winning margins by replacing each � with A for an AFCwin or N for an NFC win. What do you observe about the winning margins whenlooking at this enhanced line plot?

4. The list of Super Bowl margins is given in order of years: first 25-N, then 9-N, and soon. Describe any patterns you see in the margins or in the winning league over theyears of the Super Bowl.

0 5 10 15 20 25 3530 40 45

0 5 10 15 20 25 3530 40 45

Year Margin Year Margin Year Margin Year Margin1 25-N 11 18-A 21 19-N 31 14-N2 19-N 12 17-N 22 32-N 32 7-A3 9-A 13 4-A 23 4-N 33 15-A4 16-A 14 12-A 24 45-N 34 7-N5 3-A 15 17-A 25 1-N 35 27-A6 21-N 16 5-N 26 13-N 36 3-A7 7-A 17 10-N 27 35-N 37 27-N8 17-A 18 29-A 28 17-N 38 3-A9 10-A 19 22-N 29 23-N 39 3-A10 4-A 20 36-N 30 10-N 40 11-A

6SDAP1.1, 6SDAP1.2

Spreadsheet ActivityLine Plots


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You can use a spreadsheet to create line plots.

Hellen teaches a math class at State University.She wants to look at the relationship between

the number of days a students misses class out of 20 classes and the average grades. Create a line plot from the data to the right.

Step 1 Enter the days missed in the first column and the average grade in the second column. Press ENTERafter each day to move to the cell below.

Step 2 Choose the chart wizard from the toolbar. Next, select XY (Scatter) and choose scatter with data points connected by lines. Press NEXT, NEXT, NEXT, and FINISH. This will give a line plot of the data.

Note: If the data is not in descending order, first sort the data so that it is.

Answer the following questions.

1. Does there appear to be a relationship between the number of classes missed and the averagegrades?

2. What advice would you give to a student in one of Hellen’s classes?

3. Research the population of your state for 10 years and using a spreadsheet create a line plotwith the data.

A B C D E F HG I123456789

10111213

01234679

1018

807989808250585066

1

Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3

Series 1

00 5 10 15 20

20

40

60

80

100

Number Averageof days grademissed0 801 792 893 824 846 507 589 6010 6618 1

Example

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-1

6SDAP1.1, 6SDAP1.2,6SDAP1.4

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Lesson Reading GuideMeasures of Central Tendency and Range


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Get Ready for the LessonComplete the Mini Lab at the top of page 402 in your textbook. Writeyour answers below.

1. What was the average score for the five quizzes.

2. If the quiz score of 14 points is added to the data, how many pennieswould be in each cup?

Read the Lesson3. Look at the data set 2, 5, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12. What is the mean? the median?

the mode?

4. Match the measure of central tendency with the description of when itwould be most useful.

median a. The data set has many identicalnumbers.

mean b. There are no big gaps in the middle ofthe data.

mode c. The data set has no outliers.

5. If you wanted to find the average height of all of the students in aclassroom, which would be the most accurate to use—mean, median, ormode? Why?

Remember What You Learned6. In baseball, a player has a batting average. What does this average

measure? What kind of data would you need to calculate a battingaverage?


Example

Exercises

Study Guide and InterventionMeasures of Central Tendency and Range


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12

The table shows the number of hours students spent practicing

for a music recital. Find the mean, median,and mode of the data.

mean � � �12600

� or 8.

To find the median, the data must be ordered.

0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 8, 9, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 12, 15, 18

�8 �

28

� � 8

To find the mode, look for the number that occurs most often. Since 8 and 12 each occur 3 times, the modes are 8 and 12.

Find the mean, median, and mode for each set of data. Round to thenearest tenth if necessary.

1. 27, 56, 34, 19, 41, 56, 27, 25, 34, 56 2. 7, 3, 12, 4, 6, 3, 4, 8, 7, 3, 20

3. 1, 23, 4, 6, 7, 20, 7, 5, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11, 6 4. 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3

5. 2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 6, 1, 1, 3, 4, 3, 1 6. 4, 0, 12, 10, 0, 5, 7, 16, 12, 10, 12, 12

3 � 12 � 10 � … � 12��20

The mean is the sum of the data divided by the number of data items. The median is the middle number of the ordered data, or the mean of the middle two numbers. The mode is the number (ornumbers) that occur most often. The mean, median, and mode are each measures of centraltendency.

Numbers of HoursSpent Practicing

13

18

8

8

12

11

6

2

10

12

0

15

18

10

1

9

17

3

5

12

{

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-2


NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Skills PracticeMeasures of Central Tendency and Range


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1. 5, 9, 6, 6, 11, 8, 4 2. 1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 8, 4, 7, 2

3. 1, 9, 4, 7, 5, 3, 16, 11 4. 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6

5. 3, 7, 2, 5, 5, 6, 5, 10, 11, 5 6. 19, 17, 24, 11, 19, 25, 15, 15, 19, 16, 16

7. 5, 8, 9, 9, 12, 6, 4 8. 3, 4, 9, 7, 6, 6, 2

9. 10.

11. 12.

� �

17 18 19 20 21 22 23

�

��

� � � � ��

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

� � ��

� ��

��

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

� � ��

��

��

��

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

�

15 16

�



1. Number of parking spaces used: 45, 39, 41, 45, 44, 64, 51

2. Prices of plants: $10, $8, $20, $25, $14, $39, $10, $10, $8, $16

3. Points scored during football season: 14, 20, 3, 9, 18, 35, 21, 24, 31, 12, 7

4. Golf scores: �3, �2, �1, �1, �1, �1, �2, �5

5. Percent increase: 3.3, 4.1, 3.9, 5.0, 3.5, 2.9, 3.9

6.

7. CHILDREN The table shows the number of children living at home in a neighborhood of24 homes. Which measure best describes the data: mean, median, or mode? Explain.

8. WORK The table shows the hours Sam worked each week during the summer. Howmany hours did he work during the twelfth week to average 20 hours per week?

35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

Dollars Spent Shopping

� ��

��

��

��

��

�

PracticeMeasures of Central Tendency and Range


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Children at Home2 1 3 0 4 4 1 20 6 2 2 5 0 2 33 1 1 4 2 0 1 4

Hours Worked18 24 20 19 15 2120 19 18 22 22 ?

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-2


NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Word Problem PracticeMeasures of Central Tendency and Range


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SCHOOL For Exercises 1–6, use the table below. It shows the number oftimes per day that students go to their lockers.

1. Make a frequency table of the data. 2. What is the range of the data?

3. Find the mean, median, and mode ofthe data. Round to the nearest tenth ifnecessary.

4. Would the mean, median, or mode bestrepresent the data? Explain.

5. Explain why the mean does not bestrepresent the data.

6. If the value 10 were dropped from thedata, find the median and the mode ofthe remaining data.

Student Locker Visits2 2 0 1 2 2 13 40 5 2 5 2 5 12 42 4 6 4 5 6 15 62 2 0 1 4 6 10 2

Enrichment


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QuartilesThe median is a number that describes the “center” of a set of data. Here are two sets withthe same median, 50, indicated by .

But, sometimes a single number may not be enough. The numbers shown in the trianglescan also be used to describe the data. They are called quartiles. The lower quartile is the

median of the lower half of the data. It is indicated by . The upper quartile is the median

of the upper half. It is indicated by .

Circle the median in each set of data. Draw triangles around the quartiles.

1.

2.

3.

4.

Use the following set of test scores to solve the problems.

71 57 29 37 53 41 25 37 53 27 62 55 75 48 66 53 66 48 75 66

5. Which scores are “in the lower quartile”?

6. How high would you have to score to be “in the upper quartile”?

5 2 9 7 9 3 7 8 7 2 5 6 9 5 1

1,150 1,600 1,450 1,750 1,500 1,300 1,200

1.7 0.4 1.4 2.3 0.3 2.7 2.0 0.9 2.7 2.6 1.2

29 52 44 37 27 46 43 60 31 54 36

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75

0 10 20 40 50 50 60 70 80 90 100

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-2 7SDAP1.3

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

TI-73 ActivityFinding the Mean


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You can use two different methods to find the mean (average) of a set of data with yourcalculator.

Method A Add the data values and divide by the number of values.

Method B Enter the data in a list and then use the Mean function.

Step 1 Clear all lists. [MEM] 6

Step 2 Open the List feature.

Step 3 Enter data in L1.

Press ENTER after each data value.

Step 4 Return to the Home screen. [QUIT]

Step 5 Find the mean. [STAT] 3

[STAT] 1

Find the mean temperature for each city in the table below. Round each answer tothe nearest tenth.

1. The mean temperature ofthe coldest month in a citywith a subtropical climate isbetween 27°F and 64°F. Doany of the cities in the tableabove have a subtropicalclimate? If so, which ones?

2. In a polar climate, the mean temperature of thewarmest month is less than50°F. Do any of the cities inthe table have a polarclimate?

ENTER2nd

2nd

2nd

LIST

ENTER2nd

Jan. 39.1 29.5 44.2

Feb. 42.8 33.5 48.4

Mar. 44.2 38.0 55.0

Apr. 48.7 47.4 63.6

May 55.0 57.2 71.8

June 60.2 67.0 80.8

July 64.8 73.3 82.5

Aug. 64.1 71.4 80.3

Sept. 60.0 62.6 74.1

Oct. 52.4 51.9 63.6

Nov. 44.8 38.8 51.4

Dec. 41.0 32.5 44.4

MeanTemp.

Mean of Monthly Temperature (°F)

CitySeattle,

WADenver,

COEl Paso,

TX

Lesson Reading GuideStem-and-Leaf Plots


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1. Which chick weight is the lightest?

2. How many of the weights are less than 10 grams?

Read the Lesson3. What can you determine easily from a stem-and-leaf plot?

4. How do you determine the stems of a stem-and-leaf plot? How do youdetermine the leaves?

5. If you look at a stem-and-leaf plot, how can you tell what the stems andleaves represent?

Remember What You Learned6. Describe how the arrangement of stems and leaves in a stem-and-leaf

plot relates to a plant or tree.

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-3 6SDAP1.3, 6SDAP1.1

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Study Guide and InterventionStem-and-Leaf Plots


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In a stem-and-leaf plot, the data are organized from least to greatest. The digits of the least placevalue usually form the leaves, and the next place value digits form the stems.

Make a stem-and-leaf plot of the data below. Then find the range, median, and mode of the data.42, 45, 37, 46, 35, 49, 47, 35, 45, 63, 45

Order the data from least to greatest.

35, 35, 37, 42, 45, 45, 45, 46, 47, 49, 63The least value is 35, and the greatest value is 63.So, the tens digits form the stems, and the onesdigits form the leaves.

range: greatest value � least value � 63 � 35 or 286|3 � 63

median: middle value, or 45mode: most frequent value, or 45

Make a stem-and-leaf plot for each set of data. Then find the range,median, and mode of the data.

1. 15, 25, 16, 28, 1, 27, 16, 19, 28 2. 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 4, 2, 5, 7, 12, 11, 11, 3, 10

3. 3, 5, 1, 17, 11, 45, 17 4. 4, 7, 10, 5, 8, 12, 7, 6

Stem Leaf3456

5 5 72 5 5 5 6 7 9

3

Example

Exercises

6SDAP1.3, 6SDAP1.1

Skills Practice Stem-and-Leaf Plots


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Make a stem-and-leaf plot for each set of data.

1. 23, 36, 25, 13, 24, 25, 32, 33, 17, 26, 24 2. 3, 4, 6, 17, 12, 5, 17, 4, 26, 17, 18, 21, 16,15, 20

3. 26, 27, 23, 23, 24, 26, 31, 45, 33, 32, 41 4. 347, 334, 346, 330, 348, 347, 359, 344, 35740, 21, 20

HOT DOGS For Exercises 5–7, use the stem- and-leaf plot at the right that shows thenumber of hot dogs eaten during a contest.

5. How many hot dogs are represented on the stem-and-leaf plot?

6. What is the range of the number of hot dogs eaten?

7. Find the median and mode of the data.

Determine the mean, median, and mode of the data shown in eachstem-and-leaf plot.

8. 9.

10. 11.Stem Leaf

222324

1 1 2 73 3 90 6 8

24|0 � 240

Stem Leaf

234

0 0 0 2 3 5 71 20

4|0 � 40

Stem Leaf

012

1 3 3 4 72 2 2 4 5 60 0 0 1

2|0 � 20

Stem Leaf

012

1 2 2 33 4 5 50 0 0 1 3

2|0 � 20

Stem Leaf

012

8 8 91 2 2 4 7 7 71 1 2

2|1 � 21

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-3 6SDAP1.3, 6SDAP1.1

Display each set of data in a stem-and-leaf plot.

1.

2.

GOLD MEDALS For Exercises 3–5, use the stem-and-leaf plot that shows the number of gold medals won by each of the top 15 countries at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

3. Find the range of gold medals won.

4. Find the median and the mode of the data.

5. Based on the data, write one inference that can be made about the data.

PRESIDENTS For Exercises 6–10, use the stem-and-leaf plot that showsthe age of each United States President at inauguration.

6. How many presidents were under the age of 45 when inaugurated?

7. Find the ages of the youngest and oldest president at inauguration.

8. Find the range of the data.

9. Find the median and the mode of the data

10. Based on the data, in what age group were the majority of the presidents wheninaugurated?

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

PracticeStem-and-Leaf Plots


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Test Scores78 99 83 92 9094 88 88 94 8770 86 85 86 93

Weight of Male Lions (pounds)440 425 452 433445 436 440 475426 444 455 485437 450 466 470

Ages of U.S. Presidents at InaugurationStem Leaf

4 2 3 6 6 7 8 9 95 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 86 0 1 1 1 2 4 4 5 8 9 4|1 � 41 years

Source: factmonster.com

Stem Leaf0 6 8 8 9 9 9 91 0 1 4 6 72 73 2 5 1|4 � 14 gold medals

Source: athens2004.com

6SDAP1.3, 6SDAP1.1

Word Problem Practice Stem-and-Leaf Plots


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ENDANGERED SPECIES For Exercises 1–6, use the table below. It showsthe number of endangered species in the U.S.

1. Make a stem-and-leaf plot of the data. 2. What group has the greatest number ofendangered species in the U.S.?

3. What group has the least number ofendangered species in the U.S.?


5. Use your stem-and-leaf plot todetermine the median and mode.

6. How many groups have less than 30endangered species in the U.S.?

Endangered Species in U.S.Group Number of Group Number of

Species Speciesmammals 63 clams 61birds 78 snails 20reptiles 14 insects 33amphibians 10 arachnids 12fishes 70 crustaceans 18

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-3 6SDAP1.3, 6SDAP1.1

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

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Back-to-Back Stem-and-Leaf PlotsYou can use a back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot to compare two sets of data. In this typeof plot, the leaves for one set of data are on one side of the stems, and the leaves for theother set of data are on the other side of the stems. Two keys to the data are needed.

MARKETING For Exercises 1 and 2, use the following data about advertising topreteens and teens.

Advertisers decide when to advertise their products on television based on when the peoplewho are likely to buy will be watching. The table shows the percents of boys and girls ages 6to 14 who watch television at different times of day. (Values are rounded to the nearestpercent.)

1. Make a back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot of the data by recording the data about boys onthe left side of the stems and recording the data about girls on the right side of thestems. Who watches television more often, boys or girls?

2. If you were scheduling advertising for a product aimed at pre-teen girls, when wouldyou advertise? Explain your reasoning.

Time Boys Girls

Monday–Friday, 6 A.M.–9 A.M 11 09

Monday–Friday, 3 P.M.–5 P.M. 21 22Monday–Friday, 5 P.M.–8 P.M. 30 29Monday–Saturday, 8 P.M.–10 P.M.and Sunday, 7 P.M.–10 P.M. 29 27

Saturday, 6 A.M.–8 A.M. 07 04

Saturday, 8 A.M.–1 P.M. 26 23

Saturday, 1 P.M.–5 P.M. 12 08

Saturday, 5 P.M.–8 P.M. 18 12

Sunday, 6 A.M.–8 A.M 03 03

Sunday, 8 A.M.–1 P.M. 10 09

Sunday, 1 P.M.–5 P.M. 12 07

Sunday, 5 P.M.–7 P.M. 15 09

6SDAP1.3, 6SDAP1.1

Lesson Reading GuideBar Graphs and Histograms


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1. What are the fastest and slowest speeds in the table?

2. How can you create a visual representation to summarize the data?

3. Do any of these representations show both the animal name and itsspeed?

Read the Lesson4. Look at Example 1. What are the things that a bar graph should have?

5. Why are all of the bars in a histogram the same width without spacebetween them?

Remember What You Learned6. How is a histogram similar to a bar graph? How is it different?

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-4 6SDAP2.3

Exercises

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Study Guide and InterventionBar Graphs and Histograms


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SIBLINGS Make a bar graph to display the data in the table below.

Step 1 Draw a horizontal and a vertical axis. Label the axes as shown. Add a title.

Step 2 Draw a bar to represent each student. In this case, a bar is used to represent thenumber of siblings for each student.

SIBLINGS The number of siblings of 17 students have beenorganized into a table. Make a histogram of the data.

Step 1 Draw and label horizontal and vertical axes. Add a title.

Step 2 Draw a bar to represent the frequency of each interval.

1. Make a bar graph for the data in 2. Make a histogram for the data inthe table. the table.

6–74–52–30–1

810

46

02Fr

eque

ncy

Number of Siblings

Siblings

MargaritaIstuSue

34

2

01

567

Num

ber o

f Sib

lings

StudentAkira

Siblings

A bar graph is one method of comparing data by using solid bars to represent quantities. A histogram is a special kind of bar graph. It uses bars to represent the frequency of numerical data that have been organized into intervals.

Student Number ofSiblings

SueIsfuMargaritaAkira

1632

Student Number ofFree Throws

LuisLauraOpalGad

610

414

Number ofFree Throws Frequency

0–1 1

4–5 102–3 5

6–7 4

Number ofSiblings Frequency

0–1 4

4–5 22–3 10

6–7 1

Example 1

Example 2

6SDAP2.3

Skills PracticeBar Graphs and Histograms


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ZOOS For Exercises 1 and 2, use the table. It shows the number of species at several zoological parks.

1. Make a bar graph of the data.

2. Which zoological park has the most species?

ZOOS For Exercises 3 and 4, use the table at the right.It shows the number of species at 37 major U.S. publiczoological parks.

3. Make a histogram of the data. Use intervals of 101–200, 201–300, 301–400, 401–500,501–600, 601–700, and 701–800 for the horizontal axis.

4. Which interval has the largest frequency?

HEALTH For Exercises 5 and 6, use the graph at the right.

5. What does each bar represent?

6. Determine whether the graph is a bar graph or a histogram. Explain how you know.

Animal Species in Zoos

Animal Species in Zoos

Zoo SpeciesLos Angeles 350Lincoln Park 290Cincinnati 700Bronx 530

Number of Species200 700 290 600 681300 643 350 794 400360 600 134 200 800305 384 500 330 250530 715 303 200 475465 340 347 300 708184 800 375 350 450337 221

Oklahoma City 600

BlyDrewClara

1,5001,750

1,250

01,000

2,0002,2502,5002,7503,000

Calo

ries

Cons

umed

Akira

Calories in One Day

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-4 6SDAP2.3

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

PracticeBar Graphs and Histograms


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Select the appropriate graph to display each set of data: bar graph orhistogram. Then display the data in the appropriate graph.

1. 2.

Source: baseball-almanac.com

PET OWNERSHIP For Exercises 3–5, usethe bar graph that shows the percent of households that owned fish or birds for the years 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2004.

3. Which type of pet increased in percentownership from 1998 to 2004?

4. For every 100 households, how many more households had fish for pets thanbirds in the year 1998?

5. During which years did the percent ownership not change for either type of pet?

024

68

10121416

Perc

ent o

f Hou

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Year1998 2000 2002 2004

Source: infoplease.com

Fish

Bird

Household Pet Ownership

Ages of Children TakingSwimming LessonsAge Children0–2 83–5 126–8 189–11 1712–14 1215–17 13

Home Run Derby 2005 Round 1 Home RunsPlayer Home Runs

Bobby Abreu 24Ivan Rodriquez 7

Carlos Lee 11David Ortiz 17

Hee-Seop Choi 5

6SDAP2.3

PUPPIES For Exercises 1 and 2, use the EARTH SCIENCE In Exercises 3–6, use table below. It shows the results of a the table below. It shows the highestsurvey in which students were asked wind speeds in 30 U.S. cities.what name they would most like togive a new pet puppy.

Word Problem PracticeBar Graphs and Histograms


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Highest Wind Speeds (mph)52 75 60 80 55 54 91 60 81 5853 73 46 76 53 46 73 46 51 4957 58 56 47 65 49 56 51 54 51

Name VotesMax 15Tiger 05Lady 13Shadow 10Molly 09Buster 02

1. Make a bar graph to display the data.

Favorite New Puppy Names

2. Use your bar graph from Exercise 1.Compare the number of votes the nameShadow received to the number of votesthe name Tiger received.

3. Make a histogram of the data.Highest Wind Speeds

4. What is the top wind speed of most ofthe cities?

5. How many cities recorded wind speedsof 80 miles per hour or more?

6. How many cities recorded their highestwind speeds at 60 miles per hour ormore?

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-4 6SDAP2.3

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Enrichment


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8-4

Bar Graphs and HistogramsYou can use a bar graph to compare different data sets. Bar graphs can be used to showcategorical data. Solid bars are used to show the values in certain categories. You can use ahistogram, which is a special kind of bar graph, to represent numerical data. It shows howmany data points are within certain numerical intervals.

1. These two bar graphs show the same data from the Smith family’s 5-day road trip.Describe what each graph is showing and give each graph a title. Which graph is ahistogram?

2. The following two graphs show the amount of time that the family spent driving duringthe same road trip. Use the bar graph on the left to create a histogram on the right.Provide a title for each graph.

3. Use the graphs to determine the average speed the Smith family drove on Wednesday.

3

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Minutes Driven

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21–4

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61–8

0

41–6

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81–1

00

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40

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Min

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sMiles Driven per Day

0–20

21–4

0

61–8

0

41–6

0

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00

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40

020

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Mile

s

Day of the Week

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Tues

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Wed

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6SDAP2.3


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1. TEMPERATURE The chart to the right shows the average December temperatures in Fahrenheit over four years. Predict the average temperature for the next year.

2. POPULATION Every five years the population of your neighborhood is recorded. What do you predict the population will be in 2010?

POPULATION The table below shows the enrollment of Mill

High School students over five years. Estimate the enrollment for the 2005–2006 school year.

Mill High School Enrollment00–01 01–02 02–03 03–04 04–05115 134 168 160 185

December Temperatures (F°)

2002 2003 2004 200522° 17° 18° 16°

Neighborhood Population1995 2000 20052,072 2,250 2,376

When solving problems, a graph can show a visual representation of the situation and help you makeconclusions about the particular set of data.

Exercises

Example

Explore You know the enrollment of students for five years. You need to estimate theenrollment for the 2005–2006 school year.

Plan Organize the data in a graph so that you can see a trend in the enrollmentlevels.

Solve

The graph shows that the enrollment increases over the years. By using thegraph you can conclude that Mill High School had about 225 students enrolledfor the 2005–2006 school year.

Check Draw a line through as close to as many points as possible. The estimate isclose to the line so the answer is reasonable.

2000–2001

2001–2002

2002–2003

2003–2004

2004–2005

2005–2006

125

100

Stud

ents

School Year

0

200

225

175

150

Enrollment Levels

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-5 6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.3Study Guide and InterventionProblem-Solving Investigation: Use a Graph

Use a graph to solve the problem. For Exercises 1–3, refer to the graph.

1. Estimate the temperature at which the rate ofchirping is 130 per minute.

2. Predict the number of cricket chirps per minute at86 degrees.

3. Predict the number of chirps per minute at 90 degrees.

For Exercises 4–6, refer to the graph.

4. How many students consider Friday their favorite day of the week?

5. How many students prefer the weekend days?

6. How many students are in Kenny’s class?

Sun.

Sat.

Fri.

Mon.

Tue.

Wed.

Thu.

Number of Studentsin Kenny’s Class

Favorite Day of the Week

0 2 4 6 8 12 2018161410

70 74 78 82 86 90

120110N

umbe

r of C

hirp

s pe

r Min

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Temperature (°F)

0

150160170180190

140130

Rate of Crickets Chirping

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


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8-5 6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.3Skills PracticeProblem-Solving Investigation: Use A Graph

Mixed Problem Solving

Select the Operation

PITCHING For Exercises 1 and 2, use thegraph that shows the amount ofpitching practice time for Adam andJordan during a particular week.

1. Who practiced more during the weekand by how much time?

2. What was Adam’s average practice timeper day for the five days?

Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3and 4. Some strategies are shown below.

3. LAWN TOOLS The bar graph shows thenumber of shovels and rakes sold duringparticular months at a hardware store.During which month was the number ofrakes sold about twice the number ofshovels sold?

4. NUMBER THEORY 42 is subtracted from42% of a number. The result is 42. Whatis the number?

For Exercises 5 and 6, select theappropriate operation(s) to solve theproblem. Justify your solution(s) andsolve the problem.

5. MONEY The value of the number ofdimes is equal to the value of thenumber of quarters. If the total value ofthe quarters and dimes is $6.00, findthe total number of coins.

6. SKIING Mrs. Roget is taking her familyof 2 adults and 4 children skiing for theday. They need to rent ski equipment.What will it cost to ski for the dayincluding equipment rental and lifttickets?

05

10152025303540

Num

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old

Month

Shovel and Rake Sales

April June August October

Shovels Rakes

00.51.0

1.52.02.5

Tim

e (H

ours

)

Mon. Tues. Wed. Thur. Fri.

Pitching Practice

Jordan

Adam

Day of the Week

PracticeProblem-Solving Investigation: Use a Graph


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PROBLEM-SOLVING STRATEGIES

• Use the four-step plan.

• Guess and check.

• Look for a pattern.

• Make a graph.

Daily Ski CostsItem Adults Children

Left Ticket $10.00 $8.00Skis $7.00 $4.25

Boots $6.25 $4.25Poles $2.25 $1.75

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-5 6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.3

6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.3

Solve. Use any strategy.

For exercises 1–3, use the graph below.Maria’s class is selling pizzas as a fundraiserfor their upcoming fieldtrip to the zoo.

1. Which student sold the most pizzas?

2. Did the girls sell more pizzas than theboys?

3. How many pizzas total did the classsell?

4. EXERCISE Robert wants to begin a newexercise program. His goal is to beginby exercising for 20 minutes. He goes tothe gym two times a week, increasinghis workout by five minutes each time.How long will it take him to work up toan hour?

For Exercises 5 and 6 use the followinginformation.MONEY Brianna made a $13.82 purchase atthe grocery store. She received two bills andfive coins in change.

5. What denomination of bill did she paywith?

6. What bills and coins did she receive aschange?

7. NUMBER THEORY A number is multipliedby 32 then divided by 14. The squareroot of the result is 4. What is thenumber?

8. PIZZA Joelle has her choice of five pizzatoppings: onions, sausage, mushrooms,pepperoni, and green pepper. In order toget a special price, she can only choosetwo toppings. How many combinationsof toppings could she choose?

MarieJake

CindyCarla

JennaKariJoe

Number of Pizzas Sold

Stud

ents

Pizza Fundraiser

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Word Problem PracticeProblem-Solving Investigation: Use a Graph


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8-5

Get Ready for the LessonComplete the Mini-Lab at the top of page 426 in your textbook. Writeyour answers below.

1. By how much did the water’s height change after each addition ofmarbles?

2. Predict the height of the water when 30 marbles are in the drinkingglass. Explain how you made your prediction.

3. Test your prediction by placing 10 more marbles in the glass.

4. Draw a graph of the data that you recorded in the table.

Read the Lesson5. In Example 1, what do the dotted lines help in finding?

6. What are the benefits of a scatter plot?

7. How would you know if two sets of data are related when looking at theirscatter plot?

Remember What You Learned8. Discuss line graph and scatter plots in terms of their benefits for making

predictions.

Lesson Reading GuideUsing Graphs to Predict


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NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-6 6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.5

Exercises

Use the line graph of the Moralez family car trip shown below toanswer the following questions.

1. After 250 miles, how much gas did theMoralez family have left?

They will have about 5.5 g left.

2. How far can the Moralez family travel before they run out of gas?

They can travel about 430 miles.

Use the scatter plot to answer the questions.

1. How many birds were there in 2004?

2. What relationship do you see between the number of birds and year?

3. Predict the number of birds there were in the year 2001?

4. Predict the number of birds there will be in in the year 2006?

5. In what year do you think the bird population will reach 100?

2002 2003 20042005 2006

453015

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105

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Year

Birds Observed in Lake Park

0 100 200 300 400

4

2

Gas

(g)

Distance (mi)

0

10

12

16

14

8

6

Gas Usage

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Study Guide and InterventionUsing Graphs to Predict


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8-6

A line graph shows trends over time and can be useful for predicting future events. A scatter plotdisplays two sets of data on a graph and can be useful for predictions by showing trends in the data.

Example

Draw a dotted line up from250 m until it reaches thegraph and then find thecorresponding gas measure.

When they run out of gas,the tank will be at 0 so findwhere the line reaches 0.

6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.5

Determine whether each data set shows a positive, a negative, or no relationship.Then describe the relationship between the data sets.

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6. Ryan’s Physical Activityy

xO

Phys

ical

Act

ivit

y

Age

Joseph’s Petsy

xO

Nu

mb

er o

f Pe

ts

Age

Crickets Chirpingy

xO

Nu

mb

er o

f C

hir

ps

per

min

ute

Temperature

Gas Mileage in Sam’s Cary

xO

Gas

Mile

age

Speed

Studying for Math Testy

xO

Tim

e (m

in.)

Numberof Students

Carolyn's Incomey

xO

Inco

me

($)

Age

Skills PracticeUsing Graphs to Predict


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NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-6 6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.5

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

PracticeUsing Graphs to Predict


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8-6

WATER LEVEL For Exercises 1 and 2, use the graph that shows the level of rising water of a lakeafter several days of rainy weather.

1. If the water continues to rise, predict the daywhen the water level will be above flood stage of20.5 feet.

2. How many days did it take for the water level torise 4 feet?

PROPERTY For Exercises 3–5, use the table that shows the property value per acre for five years.

3. Make a scatter plot of the data. Use the time on the horizontal axis and the property value on the vertical axis.

4. Describe the relationship, if any, between the two sets of data.

5. Predict the property value per acre in 2006.

Sun Mon Tues Wed

12.0

11.0

Leve

l (fe

et)

Day

0

15.0

16.0

14.0

13.0

18.0

17.0

Water Level

Property Value (per acre)

Time Value2001 $14,0002002 $16,6002003 $18,9002004 $21,5002005 $24,000

Water Level

6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.5

For Exercises 1–3, use the table thatshows the relationship between themonth of the year and the number ofTamika’s classmates that have theirdriving permit.

1. Make a scatter plot of the data. Put themonths on the horizontal axis and thenumber of students on the vertical axis.

2. Describe the type of relationship thereis between the two types of data.

3. Why do you think this relationshipexists?

For Exercises 4–6, use the graph thatshows the time it takes Taylor tocomplete a marathon.

4. Predict the time it will take Taylor toreach Mile 22 of the marathon and howlong it will take Taylor to complete themarathon.

5. For how many minutes will he have runwhen he reaches the 8-mile mark?

6. How many miles will he have run in110 minutes?

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26

2010

Tim

e (in

min

utes

)

Miles

0

5060708090

100110120130140150160

4030

Taylor's Marathon

Word Problem PracticeUsing Graphs to Predict


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Month Number of Students

January 1February 3

March 4April 5May 8June 10July 11

August 14September 15

October 15November 18December 21

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-6 6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.5

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


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8-6

Periodic RelationshipsYou have studied scatter plots that demonstrate positive, negative, or no relationship. A periodic relationship is another way that two variables can be related. Periodic relationships contain patterns that repeat over time. For example,average monthly temperatures vary on a yearly basis. The table at the right shows the average daily high temperature for each month in Los Angeles and Boston.

1. Draw a scatter plot of the data for each city on the axes below. Use a different symbol for each city (for example, an x for Los Angeles temperatures and an • for Boston temperatures).

2. Describe the trend in the datafor the monthly averagetemperature in Boston.

3. Draw a curved line on the graph that demonstrates the trend in the data.

4. What will happen between month 12 and month 24? Describe what you think willhappen for each city, and draw curved lines on the graph above to demonstrate thetrends.

Enrichment

Temperature (°F)Month Los Angeles Boston

1 64 362 63 393 68 414 69 575 76 686 80 807 80 788 82 819 81 7310 76 6511 71 5612 66 46

Source: www.wrh.noaa.gov

6MR2.3, 6SDAP2.5


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1. Can you tell how many were surveyed? Explain.

2. Describe how you could use the graph to predict how many students inyour school have no television in their bedroom.

Read the Lesson3. Look up the word random in a dictionary. Write the meaning of the word

as it is used in this lesson.

4. In order to make predictions about a group of people, what do you need to know, according to this lesson?

5. What are two methods for calculating a prediction about a population?

Helping You Remember6. Take a survey of your class, such as how many people are wearing blue

today. Be sure to gather results from your whole class. Based on yourresults, make a prediction about all of the students in your grade level atyour school. Find out the total number of students in your grade fromyour teacher or school office.

Lesson Reading GuideUsing Data to Predict

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-7 6SDAP2.2, 6SDAP2.5


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Study Guide and InterventionUsing Data to Predict

Example 1

Exercises

In a survey, 200 people from a town were asked if they thought the town needed more bicycle paths. The results are shown in

the table. Predict how many of the 28,000 people in the town think more bicyclepaths are needed.

Use the percent proportion.

�wphaorlte

� � �pe

1r0ce0nt

� Percent proportion

part of the population �28,

n000� � �1

3090�

Let n represent the number.Survey results: 39% � �1

3090�

Whole population 100n � 28,000(39) Cross products

n � 10,920 Simplify.

So, about 10,920 people in the town think more bicycle paths are needed.

1. VOTES In a survey of voters in Binghamton, 55% of those surveyed saidthey would vote for Armas for city council. If 24,000 people vote in theelection, about how many will vote for Armas?

2. LUNCH A survey shows that 43% of high school and middle schoolstudents buy school lunches. If a school district has 2,900 high school andmiddle school students, about how many buy school lunches?

3. CLASS TRIP Students of a seventh grade class were surveyed to find outhow much they would be willing to pay to go on a class trip. 24% of thestudents surveyed said they would pay $21 to $30. If there are 360students in the seventh grade class, about how many would be willing topay for a trip that costs $21 to $30?

Data gathered by surveying a random sample of the population may be used to make predictionsabout the entire population.

More Bicycle Paths Needed?

Response Percent

yes 39%

no 42%

undecided 19%

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-7 6SDAP2.2, 6SDAP2.5


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Skills PracticeUsing Data to Predict

CELL PHONES For Exercises 1–3, use the table at the right.It shows the results of a survey in which students 12 to 17 years old were asked how often they use a cell phone.

1. Out of 215 students 12 to 17 years old, how many would you predict use acell phone once or twice a week?

2. Predict how many students 12 to 17 years old in a group of 375 havenever used a cell phone.

3. How many students 12 to 17 years old out of 1,200 would you expect usea cell phone at least once or twice a week?

PIZZA For Exercises 4–6, use the table at the right. It shows the results of a survey in which a random sample of seventh graders at Kiewit Middle School were asked to name their favorite pizza topping.

4. There are 32 students in Mrs. Chen’s seventh grade class. Predict howmany would choose olives as their favorite topping.

5. There are 210 seventh grade students eating lunch in the cafeteria. Howmany of them would choose peppers as their favorite topping?

6. Predict how many of the 524 seventh graders at Kiewit Middle Schoolwould choose pepperoni as their favorite pizza topping.

7. BACKPACKS A survey showed that 78% of students who take a bus toschool carry a backpack. Predict how many of the 654 students who takea bus also carry a backpack.

Frequency of Use Percent

more than twice a week 32%

once or twice a week 16%

once or twice a month 23%

less than once a month 12%

never used one 17%

Pizza Topping Percent

pepperoni 46%

peppers 28%

olives 28%

onions 22%

pineapple 24%

mushrooms 12%

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-7 6SDAP2.2, 6SDAP2.5


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PracticeUsing Data to Predict

Match each situation with the appropriate equation or proportion.

1. 85% of commuters use the expressway.Predict how many commuters out of 750 commuters will use the expressway.

2. 750% of 85 is what number?

3. 85 commuters is what percent of 750 commuters?

4. ESKIMOS In the year 2000, the population of Alaska was about 627 thousand. Predictthe number of Eskimos in Alaska if the Eskimo population was about 7.5% of thepopulation of Alaska. Round to the nearest thousand.

5. DOGS A survey showed that about 40% of American households own at least one dog.Based on that survey, how many households in a community of 800 households own atleast one dog?

CAR REPAIRS For Exercises 6–8, use the graph that shows the percent of all repairs for 3 car repair problems at a car repair shop.

6. Suppose a mechanic repairs 478 cars.Predict how many repairs will be made on transmissions.

7. For every 100 repairs, predict how many more repairs will be made on a brake system problem than on an electrical problem.

8. Predict the percent of repairs that will be one of the three problems in the graph.

05%

10%15%20%25%30%

Perc

ent o

f All

Repa

irs

Type of Repair

21%

14%9%

Car Repairs

BrakeSystem

Electrical Transmission

a. n � 0.85 � 750

b. �18050

� � �1n00�

c. 7.5 � 85 � n

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-7 6SDAP2.2, 6SDAP2.5


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Word Problem PracticeUsing Data to Predict

Shoes Percent

3 or less 10%

4 20%

5 21%

6 22%

7 19%

more than 7 8%

1. SHOES The table shows the results of asurvey in which seventh graders wereasked how many pairs of shoes theyown. Predict how many of the 632seventh graders at Seneca West MiddleSchool own more than 7 pairs of shoes.

2. ACTIVITIES Of the students listed asmembers of a high school academicteam, 75% were involved in sports,speech, music or debate. If 111 studentswere listed as part of the teams, howmany were involved in sports, speech,music, or debate?

3. MOVIEGOERS A research study foundthat about 63% of people 18 or olderwho go to the movies at least once amonth own a personal computer. Out of500 people 18 and older who go to themovies once or more a month, howmany of them would you expect to owna personal computer?

4. HAIR A survey showed that 37% ofpeople 12 to 17 years old use hair gel.Predict how many of the 30 students inMr. Avalon’s ninth grade class use hairgel.

5. GRADUATION A survey of first-yearstudents at North Carolina StateUniversity showed that about 73%expect to complete their degree in 4 years. If there are 3,333 first-yearstudents, how many of them expect tocomplete their degree in 4 years?

6. INTERNET A recent survey conducted bythe Millard school district showed that87% of households of students haveInternet access at home. If there are19,000 Millard households, how manyhave Internet access?

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-7 6SDAP2.2, 6SDAP2.5

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Enrichment


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8-7

Exercises

Can You Predict The Future?Many businesses need to be able to accurately predict the choices their customer will make.Their predictions are often based on survey results of a small population, which they applyto a larger population.

Suppose that school administrators want to know whether new technologies improvestudent achievement. They ask you to survey the students in your class.

Based on your results from the students in your class, predict the following if there are 212students in your grade, and a total of 639 students in the school.

1. How many students in your grade have a. a personal computer? b. an electronic organizer?c. a cellular phone? d. internet access?

2. What percent of students in the entire school will have all four of the technologiesasked about in the survey?

3. Which technology is used most often to help complete school work? Predict the numberof students in your grade that use this technology when completing their school work.

4. Based on the results of your survey, what other type of technology would most studentsuse to complete their school work? How many students in your school would use thistechnology?

5. Based on the results of your survey, what predictions or recommendations would youmake to your school administrators on how to improve student achievement?

SURVEY

1. Which of the following technologies do you have: personal computer, electronic organizer, cellularphone, internet access?

2. Which, if any, do you use to help with your school work?

3. What other technologies do you think might be helpful when completing your school work?

6SDAP2.2, 6SDAP2.5


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Scientific Calculator ActivityLeaving a Tip

Exercises

Example

The percent function on a calculator can be used to decide how much of a tip to leave aserver at a restaurant. It can also be used to determine the total bill for a meal.

The Edwards family had a meal at a local restaurant. The bill was $39.95.There was an 8% meal tax, and they leave a tip of 15% of the bill, not

including tax. What was the amount of the tip and the total bill?

The tip is 15% of the bill for the meal.

39.95 15 [%] 5.9925

They decided to leave a $6.00 tip.

The total bill is found by adding the tax, the amount of the bill, and the tip.

39.95 8 [%] 3.196

The tax is $3.20.

3.20 39.95 6 49.15

The total bill was $49.15.

Find the amount of the tip and the total bill for each meal. Round your answer for the tip to the nearest dollar. Round your answer for the total bill to the nearest cent.

1. bill: $72 2. bill: $43tip: 12% tip: 15%tax: 6% tax: 8%

$9; $85.32 $6; $52.443. bill: $79.95 4. bill: $29.95

tip: 14% tip: 15%tax: 8% tax: 7%

$11; $97.35 $4; $36.055. bill: $99 6. bill: $129.50

tip: 15% tip: 10%tax: 9% tax: 5%

$15; $122.91 $13; $148.987. bill: $182.50 8. bill: $41.00

tip: 10% tip: 15%tax: 6% tax: 7%

ENTER

�++

ENTER

�2nd�

ENTER

�2nd�

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-7



1. Suppose she decides to survey the listeners of a rock radio station.Do you think the results would represent the entire population?

2. Suppose she decides to survey a group of people standing in line for a symphony. Do you think the results would represent the entire population?

3. Suppose she decides to mail a survey to every 100th household in the area.Do you think the results would represent the entire population? Explain.

Read the Lesson 4. Match the type of sample with its example. Put the correct letter on the line.

simple random sample a. Every 10th person is given a survey.

stratified random sample b. Only those who volunteer take a survey.

systematic random sample c. Names are picked randomly out of a hat.

convenience sample d. A store manager surveys his first 20 customers.

voluntary response sample e. 5 residents are randomly surveyedfrom each floor of a 25 storyapartment building.

Remember What You Learned5. If you are conducting a survey, explain why it is important

to have an unbiased sample.

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Lesson Reading GuideUsing Sampling to Predict


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8-8

6SDAP2.1, 6SDAP2.2,6SDAP2.5Study Guide and Intervention

Using Sampling to Predict


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Example 1

Exercises

Look at the following table to determine the favorite sport of middle school students.

Based on the table, it would appear that soccer is the favorite sport of middle school students. However, suppose the data collected for this surveywas taken at a World Cup soccer match. It can then be concluded that oursample is biased because students who are at a soccer match may be morelikely to choose soccer as their favorite sport.

To receive an unbiased sample of middle school students, the sports survey could be completed at randomly selected middle schools throughout the country.

Determine whether the given situations represent a biased orunbiased sample. Then tell the type of sample.

1. Writers of a popular teen magazine want to write a story about whichmovies their readers like. The writers decide to interview the first 50 people that walk out of a movie theater.

2. The student council wanted to raise money for their school by sellinghomemade cookies during lunch time. To find out the favorite kind ofcookie for the majority of their school, they conducted a survey. They gavethe survey to 20 randomly selected students from each grade level.

3. To determine the most frequently used gas station, a researcherrandomly selected every 10th person from a drive-through fast foodrestaurant and asked them where they last filled up with gas.

In an unbiased sample the whole population is represented. In a biased sample one or more parts ofthe population are favored over the others.

Favorite Sports of Middle School Students

Basketball Baseball Football Soccer

10 5 17 52

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-8


Each word in the box is a vocabulary word from lesson 8-8.Use the words to complete the sentences below. Not all of the words will be used.

1. A is when members of the populationare selected because they are easily accessed.

2. The survey is considered when theentire population is represented.

3. It is called a when each person in thepopulation has an equal chance to be selected.

4. When the population is divided into similar, non-overlapping groups and then chosen at random from each group it is said to be

.

5. If only some members of the population choose to participate in a survey

then it would be called a .

6. A sample would be considered if oneor more parts of the population are favored.

7. If people were selected by a specific time or item interval, such as every

50th person, then this would be a .

8. A conclusion can only be considered when the information came from an unbiased sample.


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Skills PracticeUsing Sampling to Predict

voluntary response samplesimple random sample

systematic random sample

convenience samplestratified random sample

valid

unbiased biased

samping

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-8


Determine if the sample method is valid (unbiased) and if so, use theresults to make predictions. If the sample is not valid (biased), writenot valid on the line and explain why.

1. A representative from the cable company randomly calls 100 householdsto determine the number of customers who receive movie channels. Ofthese, 15% do have movie channel access. If there are 2,300 customerstotal, how many can be expected to have the movie channels?

2. An electronics store just received a huge shipment of video games. Kennyhas been put in charge of making sure the goods are not damaged. Thereare 350 boxes and 50 games in each box. Kenny decides to take thenearest 5 boxes and check for damages. He finds only 2 damaged games,so what can he predict for the total number of damaged games in theboxes?

3. Taylor was given the following problem:

A researcher, who was trying to link after-school students from 20 different schools around the country. He found that 74% of studentswere involved in after-school sports. How many students surveyed wereinvolved in sports?

This is how Taylor solved the problem:

Explain what Taylor did wrong.


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PracticeUsing Sampling to Predict

It’s valid because it is a systematic random sample and there were 74,000 students.

1000� 7474,000

50� 201,000

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-8



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NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Word Problem PracticeUsing Sampling to Predict

8-8

Use the word problem and table to answer the qustions below.

Miguel is the manager of a clothing store. He wants to find out what are the most popular styles of men’s pants and how many of each to order.He decides to survey every 10th man that walks in over a two-week period.Here are his results.

Pant Style Number of People

Jeans 52

Khakis 31

Slacks 17

1. What type of sample does Miguel usefor his survey?

3. What percentage of the customerssurveyed prefer jeans?

5. If he has 1,300 customers in a two weekperiod, how many pairs of slacks will hepredict to sell?

2. What percentage of the customerssurveyed prefer khakis?

4. If Miguel has 1,000 male customersover a two week period, how many pairs of jeans will he predict to sell?

6. Why would Miguel’s sample not havebeen valid if he had decided to surveyonly the first ten people to walk in?



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EnrichmentNAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-8

Using Sampling to PredictAccording to the bar graph below, sports video game companies are leading ingames sold to children and adults throughout the country. If these companieswant to continue to lead in sales they will have to make sure they creategames with graphics and features that their customers want. One way to dothat is through customer surveys.

In the space below create your own customer survey for a video game.Make sure to ask questions that will give you information to create the bestgame possible.

MysteryAdventureSports

3

4

2

0

1

5

6

Mill

ions

Sol

d

Video Game

Quiz

Video Games Sold

5.2

3.5 3.2 3.2

Get Ready for the LessonRead the introduction at the top of page 444 in your textbook.Write your answers below.

1. About how many more passengers per lane can a 40-foot bus transport inan hour than a car can transport?

2. Is the bus on the graph twice as large as the car? Explain.

3. Do you think the graph appeared in a brochure for a train/bus transitcompany or for a car company? What makes you think so?

Read the Lesson4. Give an example of a data set you could represent with a graph and how

you could represent it in a misleading way.

5. Study Example 1. If you represented a pet supply company, which graphwould you use to show that business is booming?

Remember What You Learned6. Missing labels on graphs and uneven intervals on a scale are two ways a

set of statistics can be misleading. Listen for a statistic used on the radioor in a newspaper. Is it a reasonable statement? What other informationmight you like to have before you consider a statistic to be reasonable?

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Lesson Reading GuideMisleading Statistics


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8-9 6SDAP2.3, 6SDP2.4

Study Guide and InterventionMisleading Statistics


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Exercises

WEEKLY CHORES The line graphs below show the total hours Salomonspent doing his chores one month. Which graph would be best touse to convince his parents he deserves a raise in his allowance?Explain.

He should use graph A because it makes the total hours seem much larger.

PROFITS For Exercises 1 and 2, use the graphs below. It shows acompany’s profits over a four-month period.

1. Which graph would be best to use to convince potential investors toinvest in this company?

2. Why might the graph be misleading?

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

Prof

its

Months

Graph BCompany Profits

$30,000

$20,000

$10,000

$40,000

$50,000

$60,000

$70,000

$0

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

Prof

its

Months

Graph ACompany Profits

1 2 3 4

6

4

2

8

10

12

14

16

Tota

l (ho

urs)

Week

0

Graph BSalomon's Weekly Chores

1 2 3 4

3

2

1

4

5

6

7

8

Tota

l (ho

urs)

Week0

Graph ASalomon's Weekly Chores

Graphs can be misleading for many reasons: there is no title, the scale does not include 0; there areno labels on either axis; the intervals on a scale are not equal; or the size of the graphics misrepresents the data.

Example

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-9 6SDAP2.3, 6SDP2.4

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Skills PracticeMisleading Statistics


8-9

1. INCOME The bar graphs below show the total U.S. national income (nonfarm).Which graph could be misleading? Explain.

GEOGRAPHY For Exercises 2–4, use the table that shows the miles of shorelinefor five states.

2. Find the mean, median, and mode of the data.

3. Which measure of central tendency is misleading in describing the milesof shoreline for the states? Explain.

4. Which measure of central tendency most accurately describes the data?

'00'80'70'60

20

30

15

0

10

40

300

700

Inco

me

in B

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t Dol

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Year

'90

Graph BU.S. Nonfarm Income

'00'80'70'60

200

300

100

0

400

500

600

700

Inco

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Year

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Graph AU.S. Nonfarm Income

Miles of Shoreline

State

Virginia 3,315

Maryland 3,190

Washington 3,026

North Carolina 3,375

Pennsylvania 3,389

Length ofShoreline (mi)

6SDAP2.3, 6SDP2.4

PracticeMisleading Statistics


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ANTIQUES For Exercises 1–3, use the table.


2. Which measure might be misleading in describing the value of each item? Explain.

3. Which measure would best describe the value of each item? Explain.

MOUNTAINS For Exercises 4 and 5, use the graph that shows the elevation of the two highest mountain peaks in Alaska.

4. Based on the size of the bars compare the elevations ofthe mountains.

5. Explain how this graph may be misleading.

6. BODY TEMPERATURE The graphs below show the hourly body temperature for a hospitalpatient. Which graph would be more helpful to the doctor in showing the change inbody temperature? Explain.

1 P.M

.

2 P.M

.

3 P.M

.

4 P.M

.

5 P.M

.

6 P.M

.

7 P.M

.

9998.5

Degr

ees

Fahr

enhe

it

Hour

98

100.5101

101.5102

102.5103

10099.5

Graph BHourly Temperatures

1 P.M

.

2 P.M

.

3 P.M

.

4 P.M

.

5 P.M

.

6 P.M

.

7 P.M

.

2010

Degr

ees

Fahr

enhe

it

Hour

0

5060708090

100110

4030

Graph AHourly Temperatures

Mt. St. EliasMt. McKinley

18,500

19,500

17,500

16,500

20,500

19,000

20,000

18,000

17,000El

evat

ion

(feet

)

Elevation of Mountains

AntiquesItem ValueDesk $150Table $850Painting $850Dishes $750Sewing Machine $200

p

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-9 6SDAP2.3, 6SDP2.4

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Word Problem PracticeMisleading Statistics


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8-9

QUIZ SCORES For Exercises 1 and 2, use BOOK SALES For Exercises 3 and 4, usethe data shown in the table below. The the table below. It shows the numbertable shows the quiz grades for of books sold each day for 20 days.Ms. Andrey’s and Mr. Luna’s classes.

1. Ms. Andrey claims the average score ona quiz in her class was 25. Mr. Lunaclaims the average score on a quiz inhis class is 25. Explain how theyarrived at these figures.

2. What additional information could beuseful in analyzing the data?

3. Find the mean, median, and mode ofthe data. Which measure of centraltendency would be misleading indescribing the book sales? Explain.

4. Which value would most accuratelydescribe the data? Explain.

Quiz ScoresMs. Andrey’s

Class10 2015 2025 2525 2912 26

Mr. Luna’sClass

Book Sales Per Day

23 18 23 15

24 16 0 11

19 10 13 17

12 23 11 16

36 24 12 27

6SDAP2.3, 6SDP2.4

Enrichment


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Misleading StatisticsWe hear numbers and statistics every day. A radio station says, “We’re number 1!” A storeadvertises, “Lowest prices in town!” The radio station and the store want us to believe theirclaims. But should we? Sometimes advertisers use statistics that are accurate, but do nottell the whole story. They use misleading statistics to help sell their products. What makesthe statistics misleading is not what is said, but what is not said.The radio station that says it is “Number 1” may be number 1 in terms of the number ofCDs it owns, or the size of its station, or the number of people it employs. But, the stationwants people to think it is number 1 in listeners. The statistic is misleading because it doesnot say what the station is number 1 in.

1. Explain why a store’s advertisement saying it has the “lowest prices in town” may bemisleading.

2. Fode has a start-up internet business. One day, he had 1000 hits to his web site. He told advertisers that he had “30,000 hits each month.” Why might this statistic bemisleading?

3. Graphs can also be misleading. A consumer group wants to show that the price of gasoline has“skyrocketed” over the past five years. The groupmade this line graph from the data in the tablebelow.

Why is this graph misleading?

4. Graph the data from Exercise 3 on the grid at the right. How does your graph that starts the y-axisscale at 0 compare to the one above?

Cost

per

gal

lon

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

$1.40

$1.30

Year

$1.70

$1.80

$1.90

$2.00

$2.10

$2.20

$1.60

$1.50

Gasoline Prices

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

�gCaollsotn

� $1.35 $1.43 $1.56 $1.76 $1.88 $2.20

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8-9 6SDAP2.3, 6SDP2.4

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

TI-83/84 Plus ActivityGraphing Views


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8-9

The window and zoom functions on a graphing calculator can beused to change the view of a graph. These functions are most oftenused to help you better see a graph or a portion of a graph. Usingthese functions can also change the appearance of a graph.

The table at the right shows the mean number of pets for studentssurveyed.

Step 1 Clear all lists by pressing [MEM] 4 . Enterthe data. Then follow the instructions to see how thewindow and zoom features can change the way yourgraph looks.

Enter: [STAT PLOT]

Enter the data from the table under L1 and L2.9

The display should show a graph similar to the one at the right. This is theoptimal view. It shows all of the graph on the screen as large as possible.

Step 2 When you press , you will see several options. Xmin is the least value shown on the graph for X, or the age of the students. Xmax is the greatest value shown. Likewise, Ymin and Ymax are the least and greatest values of Y, or the mean number of pets. Set the values in the window as shown.

Step 3 Press . Notice how the graph has changed. The data did not change at all, only the way they appear on the screen.

Continue to change the values using the window function. Describe howyour changes affect the way the graph appears on the screen.

GRAPH

WINDOW

ZOOM

ENTERENTERENTER2nd

ENTER2nd

Student’s Mean No.Age of Pets

5 16 27 28 19 110 211 212 313 214 3

Pre-AP

Student Recording SheetUse this recording sheet with pages 456–457 of the Student Edition.


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Read each question. Then fill in thecorrect answer.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Record your answers for Question 13 onthe back of this paper.

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

8

General Scoring Guidelines• If a student gives only a correct numerical answer to a problem but does not show how he or she

arrived at the answer, the student will be awarded only 1 credit. All extended-response questionsrequire the student to show work.

• A fully correct answer for a multiple-part question requires correct responses for all parts of thequestion. For example, if a question has three parts, the correct response to one or two parts of thequestion that required work to be shown is not considered a fully correct response.

• Students who use trial and error to solve a problem must show their method. Merely showing thatthe answer checks or is correct is not considered a complete response for full credit.

Exercise 10 Rubric

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____


8 Rubric for Scoring Pre-AP(Use to score the Pre-AP question on page 457 of the Student Edition.)

Score Specific Criteria4 The line graph showing the data is correct and complete including title and labels.

The prediction for the year 2006 is about $4,000.

3 The line graph is correct, but not complete. The prediction is reasonable. OROne data point on the graph is incorrectly placed. The prediction is reasonable.

2 The line graph is correct and complete, but the prediction is not reasonable.

1 The line graph is poorly drawn with little accuracy and the prediction is notreasonable. ORThe line graph is incorrect or not given, but the prediction is reasonable.

0 Response is completely incorrect.

SHOPPING For Questions 1 and 2, use the line plot.It shows the prices for different pairs of sunglasses.


2. Find the mean, median, and mode. Which measure best describes the data? Explain.

SCHOOL For Questions 3 and 4, use the stem-and-leaf plot. It shows test scores for a group of students.

3. How many students took the test?

4. What is the range of the scores?

1.

2.

3.

4.

EARTHQUAKES For Questions 1–3,use the table at the right.

1. Describe the data in the table.

2. Draw a histogram to representthe frequency of each interval.

3. Which conclusion cannot be made about the data?A. There are 14 earthquakes in the data set.B. The magnitude 7.0 occurred most often.C. The fewest number of earthquakes occurred with

a magnitude from 7.8 to 8.5.D. There were 7 earthquakes with magnitude 7.0–7.3.

The bar graph shows the numberof phone minutes Nicole used.

4. On which day did she talk the longest?

5. How many minutes did she use in all?

6. On which day did she talk on the phone half as long as she did on Monday?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.


Chapter 8 Quiz 1(Lessons 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3)

Chapter 8 Quiz 2(Lessons 8-4 and 8-5)

Ass

essm

ent

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____

8

8

��

��

�

��

�

��

�

��

��

20 30 40 50 60 70 90 11080 100 120

�

130

��

��

�

Stem Leaf6 37 2 6 7 98 4 5 7 8 99 0 4

7|2 � 72

Major EarthquakesMagnitude Frequency7.0–7.37.4–7.77.8–8.18.2–8.5

7511

Major Earthquakes

Wed.Tues.Mon.

40

20

30

50

60

0

10Num

ber o

f Min

utes

DayFri.Thurs.

56

4335

28

40

Talking on the Phone

EXERCISE The table shows the time it takes Jasmine to bicycle different distances.

1. Make a line graph.

2. Predict the total time it will take Jasmine to bicycle 30 miles.

3. RADIO A survey showed that 22% of adults in Hampshire County listen to the radio while they drive. Suppose there are 41,230 adults that drive in Hampshire County. Predict how many of them listen to the radio while driving.

4. ZOO A survey of visitors at the zoo showed that 36% chose the polar bear exhibit as their favorite. If 477 people visited the zoo today, predict how many of them would choose the polar bear exhibit as their favorite.

5. PETS In Rachel’s class 41% of the students said they own a dog. If there are 1,072 students in Rachel’s school,predict how many of them own a dog.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.




NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____

8

8

Time(min)

Distance(mi)

45 1067 15

25 15

90 20115 25

A random survey of students shows that 20 prefer American cheese, 14 prefer Swiss cheese, and 5 do not like cheese.

1. What is the size of the sample?

2. What percent preferred Swiss cheese?

3. Of 53 students, how many do you think would choose Swiss cheese?

4. TRAVEL The graph shows the numberof pieces of lost luggage for twodifferent airline companies. Whymight this graph be misleading?

400

200300

0100

Piec

es

Airline

Lost Luggage

A B

1.

2.

3.

4.

y

x

Bicycling

Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.

1. What is the mode of the data in the stem-and-leaf plot? (Lesson 2-5)

A. 232 C. 22B. 23 D. 4

SCHOOL For Questions 2 and 3, referto the graph. It shows the results of a survey of students’ study period preference during the school day.

2. In which period did the greatest numberof students prefer to have a study period?

F. 1 H. 3G. 2 J. 5

3. How many students were surveyed?

A. 55 B. 105 C. 162 D. 184

4. What is the mode of the data shown in the line plot?F. 4 H. 8G. 5-8 J. 10

5. SHOPPING Find the mean,median, and mode for the following set of data.

ENERGY For Questions 6–8, use the data below. The datashow the percents of the total energy produced in the world by each of the top ten energy producers.

2 8 5 3 3 2 19 11 5 3



8. What is the range of data?

� � � � ��

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 107 9 11 12

��

��

��

��

�

321

40

20

30

50

60

0

10Num

ber o

f Stu

dent

s

Period54

50

3022

27

55Study Period Preferences

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Chapter 8 Mid-Chapter Test(Lessons 8-1 and 8-4)

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____8


Stem Leaf20 0 521 4 8 922 1 3 7 823 2 2

21|4 � 214

Prices of RummageSale Items ($)

32 1 3 04 5 6

2

8 2 1 01 4 3

5 14 1 7

1 5 10 15 20

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____


8 Chapter 8 Vocabulary Test

Choose from the terms above to complete each sentence.

1. Statistics deals with collecting, organizing, and interpreting ______________.

2. A(n) __________ shows trends over time.

3. A(n) _____________ displays two sets of data on the samegraph.

4. If you want to show the frequency of each number within a data set, you could use a(n) __________.

5. Numbers called ________________________ can be used to describe the center of data.

6. The ____________________ of a set of data is the numberor numbers that occur most often.

7. A(n) ______________ uses bars to represent quantities.

8. A(n) _____________ uses bars to represent the frequency of data that have been organized in intervals.

Define the following terms in your own words.

9. outlier

10. range

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

analyze bar graph cluster data histogramleaf

line graph line plot mean measures of central tendencymedian mode

outlierrange scatter plot statisticsstem stem-and-leaf plot


SURVEYS For Questions 1–4,use the table that shows the survey results in which a sample of shoppers at Carol’s Candles were asked to choose their favorite candle scents. Round to the nearest whole number.

1. Predict how many out of one day’s 128 shoppers prefer pine scented candles.A. 10 B. 16 C. 19 D. 21

2. Predict how many out of 972 weekly shoppers prefer vanilla scented candles?F. 321 G. 282 H. 253 J. 224

3. Suppose 2,500 people were polled. Predict how many would say peach is their favorite candle scent.A. 500 B. 575 C. 650 D. 725

4. What is the probability that a random shopper will buy either a vanilla or peach candle? F. 62% G. 59% H. 41% J. 37%

5. WEATHER The graph shows the average monthly temperature in Minneapolis,Minnesota. During which months is thetemperature below 40°F?A. November–MarchB. March–NovemberC. December, January, FebruaryD. April–October

READING For Questions 6–10, use the line plot.

6. What is the range of data?F. 10 H. 5G. 8 J. 3

7. What is the mode of the data?A. 10 B. 9 C. 5 D. 3

8. Which of the following describes a gap in the data?F. 2–4 G. 4–7 H. 4–9 J. 1–10

9. Which of the following describes a cluster of data?A. 1–4 B. 4–7 C. 4–9 D. 1–10

10. How many students read more than 4 books?F. 3 G. 5 H. 8 J. 10

y

x

Tem

pera

ture

(ºF)

302010

4050607080

0

Month

Minneapolis, MN

J F M A M J J A S O N D

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____Chapter 8 Test, Form 1

Scent Percent of Shoppers

vanilla 33%

rose 23%

pine 15%

peach 29%

� � � ��

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 107 9 11 12

��

��

�

Number of Fiction Books Read

WEATHER For Questions 11–13, use the table. It shows the monthly average rainfall in Phoenix, Arizona.11. Find the mean.

A. 18.5 mm B. 21 mm C. 27 mm D. 222 mm

12. Find the median.F. 18 mm G. 18.5 mm H. 21 mm J. 27 mm

13. Find the mode.A. 18.5 mm B. 21 mm C. 27 mm D. 30 mm

For Questions 14–16, use the stem-and-leaf plot.14. The stem-and-leaf plot represents which of the

following data?F. 13 17 10 21 24 32 27 11G. 11 21 24 10 27 13 32H. 0 1 3 7 1 4 7 2J. 17 13 17 32 27 1 24 21

15. What is the range of the data?A. 10–32 B. 2 C. 19 D. 22

16. What is the median of the data?F. 17 G. 19 H. 21 J. 27

NATURE For Questions 17–19, use the bar graph. It shows the world’s longest-livingmammals.

17. What mammal lives the longest?A. gorilla C. killer whaleB. human D. blue whale

18. What is the life span of killer whales?F. 80 y H. 70 yG. 90 y J. 35 y

19. About how much longer is the lifespan of a blue whale thanthe life span of a gorilla?A. 35 y B. 45 y C. 80 y D. 115 y

20. Use the data set $8, $10, $15, $8, $12, $13, $8 and $11. Which measure of central tendency would you use to convince people your prices are low?F. none of these G. mean H. median J. mode

Bonus Describe how bar graphs and histograms are related.

Gorilla

Human

Blue W

hale

Killer

Wha

le

4560

30

015

7590

105

Year

s

Afric

an

Eleph

ant

Life Span

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

B:

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


8 Chapter 8 Test, Form 1 (continued)

Average Rainfall (mm)

21 21 30 7 5 321 30 23 14 18 29

Stem Leaf123

0 1 3 71 4 72

2|4 � 24

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____Chapter 8 Test, Form 2A

Shade of Blue Percent

electric 18%

sky 29%

cobalt 12%

navy 19%

other 22%


SURVEYS For Questions 1–4, use the table that shows the results of a survey in which seventh grade students were asked to choose their favorite shade of blue. Round to the nearest whole number.

1. Predict how many students in a class of 275 seventh graders prefer cobalt blue.A. 33 C. 52B. 50 D. 61

2. Predict about how many out of 518 seventh grade students prefer sky blue.F. 156 G. 150 H. 114 J. 93

3. Suppose 900 seventh graders were polled. Predict how many would say electric blue is their favorite shade of blue.A. 198 B. 171 C. 162 D. 108

4. What is the probability that a random seventh grader would prefer either cobalt or navy blue?F. 41% G. 37% H. 31% J. 29%

BUSINESS The line graph shows the number of greetingcards, in thousands, created over several years.

5. About how many more cards, in thousands,were created in 2005 than in 2003?A. 5 C. 13B. 8 D. 21

6. If the trend continues, about how many cardswill be created in 2009?F. 23,000 H. 23G. 18,000 J. 18

TESTS For Questions 7–10, refer to theline plot. It shows the quiz scores of students in a biology class.


8. What is the range of the data?F. 12 G. 11 H. 10 J. 3

9. How many students scored less than 15?A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

10. Determine which sentence is not true.F. 20 occurs most often.G. There are 17 numbers in the data set.H. The majority of scores are over 17.J. There is a gap from 15 to 18.

� � �

�

��

�

9 10 11 12 13 14 16 1815 17 19

�

20

��

��

�

��

y

x

Num

ber (

thou

sand

s)

6

4

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Year

Greeting Cards

SHOPPING For Questions 11–14, use the table. It shows the prices of guitars on display at a music shop.11. Find the mean of the data.

A. $2,700 C. $395B. $580 D. $275

12. Find the mode of the data.F. no mode G. $275, $425 H. $275 J. $425

13. Find the median of the data.A. $395 B. $425 C. $580 D. $2,700

14. Which measure has the least value?F. mean G. median H. mode J. range

HEALTH For Questions 15–18, use the stem-and-leaf plot. It shows the birth weights of babies born in one week.

15. How many babies were born this week at the hospital?A. 5 B. 16 C. 17 D. 18

16. What is the range of birth weights?F. 3.1 lb G. 6.5 lb H. 8.2 lb J. 31 lb

17. What is the mode of the birth weights?A. 60 B. 65 C. 72 D. 78

18. Which measure has the greatest value?F. median G. mode H. mean J. range

SHOPPING For Questions 19 and 20, refer to the histogram.19. What is the cost of most cameras?

A. $400–$499 C. $0–$99B. $100–$199 D. $11

20. Which is not a true statement?F. Four cameras are priced from $300–$399.G. The mode of the data is $100–$199.H. The most expensive camera is $499.J. There are 32 cameras in the data set.

Bonus SPORTS The Royals scored 24 total goals with a B:mean of 4 goals per game. How many games did they play?

300–

399

200–

299

100–

199

0–99

810

12

46

02

Freq

uenc

y

400–

499

Price ($)

Cameras

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


8 Chapter 8 Test, Form 2A (continued)

Guitar Prices ($)

350 425 295 1,200 500275 2,700 300 425 400375 395 275 355 430

Stem Leaf5678

6 90 1 5 5 82 3 6 8 90 2 5 7

8|2 � 8.2 pounds

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.


SURVEYS For Questions 1–4, use the table that shows the survey results of 60 people who like popcorn with various toppings.Round to the nearest whole number.

1. Predict how many people in a theater of 250 people prefer salt only.A. 75 C. 45B. 63 D. 25

2. Predict how many people in a theater of 365 people prefer butter and salt.F. 175 G. 128 H. 110 J. 91

3. Suppose 500 people were polled. Predict how many would say cheese was their favorite popcorn topping.A. 350 B. 50 C. 35 D. 2

4. What is the probability that a random moviegoer would prefer either salt only or cheese?F. 40% G. 37% H. 35% J. 28%

MUSIC The line graph shows the number of bandmembers in a high school for several years.

5. About how many more band members were there in 2003 than in 2005?A. 20 B. 30 C. 35 D. 70

6. If the trend continues, about how many students will be band members in 2009?F. 15 H. 59G. 45 J. 100

WEATHER For Questions 7–10, refer to the line plot. It shows the high temperature for each day in a city.


8. What is the range of the data?F. 17 G. 20 H. 21 J. 22

9. For how many days was the high temperature greater than 82?A. 4 B. 5 C. 8 D. 9

10. Determine which sentence is not true.F. The majority of temperatures H. 82 occurs most often.

are over 80.G. There are no gaps or outliers. J. 19 numbers are in the data set.

� � � ��

70 72 74 76 78 80 84 8882 86 90 92

��

��

��

��

��

�

y

x

Num

ber

60

40

20

80

100

120

0

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Year

Band Members

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____Chapter 8 Test, Form 2B

Topping Percent

butter only 18%

salt only 30%

butter and salt 35%

cheese 7%

other 10%

WEATHER For Questions 11–14, use the table.

11. Find the mean of the data.A. 94 in. C. 32.5 in.B. 37.5 in. D. 28 in.

12. Find the mode of the data.F. no mode G. 28 in. H. 32.5 in. J. 94 in.

13. Find the median of the data.A. 28 in. B. 30 in. C. 32.5 in. D. 37.5 in.

14. Which measure has the least value?F. mean G. median H. mode J. range

STOCK MARKET For Questions 15–18, use the stem-and-leaf plot. It shows the closing price of a stock on the stock market each day.

15. How many days of closing prices are represented on the stem-and-leaf plot?A. 14 B. 13 C. 12 D. 4

16. What is the range of closing prices?F. $3 G. $26 H. $27 J. $43

17. What is the mode of the closing prices?A. 26 B. 39 C. 40 D. 43

18. What is the median of the closing prices?F. $39 G. $40 H. $43 J. $51

TECHNOLOGY For Questions 19 and 20,refer to the histogram.

19. Which price range has the least frequency?A. $80–$99 B. $20–$39 C. $0–$19 D. $2

20. Which is not a true statement?F. The mode of the data is 11.G. Eight calculators are priced from $40–$59.H. There are 42 calculators in the data set.J. Most calculators are priced from $20–$39.

Bonus SPORTS The Bobcats had a mean of 54 points per B:game and a total of 432 points. How many gamesdid they play?

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


8 Chapter 8 Test, Form 2B (continued)

Annual Rainfall (in.)

36 28 38 28 3020 35 94 37 29

Stem Leaf2345

5 6 6 74 8 9 90 3 3 3 71

4|2 � $42

60–7

9

40–5

9

20–3

90–

19

81012

46

02Fr

eque

ncy

80–9

9

100–

119

Price ($)

Calculators

VOTERS Of 650,000 registered voters,1038 were surveyed. Their voting preferences are listed in the table.Use the table for Questions 1 and 2.

1. Predict how many of the registered voters would vote for Juniper.

2. Predict how many of the registered voters are undecided.

3. MARKETING The line graph shows the sales,in hundreds of dollars, of books from a business for the past several years. If the trend continues, about what will the sales be in 2009?

4. Find the mean, median, and mode for the following data. Round to the nearesttenth if necessary.2.3, 2.4, 2.1, 2.4, 2.7, 2.3, 2.5, 2.4

GEOGRAPHY For Questions 5 and 6, use the followinginformation.These are the lengths of four rivers in Texas: Brazos (950 miles),Pecos (926 miles), Trinity (360 miles), and Washita (500 miles).


6. What do the horizontal and vertical axes represent?

SHOPPING For Questions 7–10,use the stem-and-leaf plot.It shows the prices of different types of sandals at a store.

7. How many different pairs of sandals does the store carry?

8. What is the range of the prices of sandals?

9. Find the median and mode for the data.

10. Write a sentence or two to describe how the prices of sandals are spread out.

y

xDolla

rs (h

undr

eds)

12

8

4

16

20

0

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Year

Sales

Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____Chapter 8 Test, Form 2C

Stem Leaf12345

8 93 4 4 6 7 90 2 4 5 92 5 7 94 8

4|5 � $45

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Candidate Percent

Calligan 30%

Juniper 20%

Anderson 28%

Undecided 22%

Texas Rivers

LIBRARY For Questions 11 and 12, use the table. It shows the number 11.of books borrowed from a library.


12. Which measure best describes the data? Explain. 12.

TECHNOLOGY For Questions 13–15, use the table. It shows the number of CDs owned by students in a class. 13.


14. Identify any clusters, gaps, or outliers. 14.

15. Summarize the data in a sentence or two.15.

16. MOVIES A survey showed that 8 out of 12 teens prefer going to a movie theater rather than watching a movie at home. Based on this survey, how many teenagers in a class of 60 prefer going to the theater? 16.

17. FUNDRAISER To determine which students will attend the school fundraiser, 30 students are picked at random from each grade level. Is this conclusion valid? Justify your answer. 17.

18. FROZEN YOGURT To determine which flavor of frozen yogurt is preferred by most customers, the manager of a frozen yogurt store surveys every 20th customer that enters the store. Is this conclusion valid? Justify your answer. 18.

19. BUSINESS The line graphs show the profits of a company from January to May. Which graph could be misleading? Why?

19.

Bonus Without calculating, would the mean, median, or mode be most affected by eliminating 12 from the list below? Which would be the least affected? Explain.

139, 140, 175, 12, 99, 150, 140 B:

J F M A M

11,500

11,400

11,200

11,600

11,700

Prof

it ($

)

Month

0

Graph ACompany Profits

J F M A M

11,600

11,400

11,200

11,800

12,000

11,800 12,200

Prof

it ($

)

Month

0

Graph BCompany Profits

0 2 4 6 8 10 14 1812 16 20 22

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


8 Chapter 8 Test, Form 2C (continued)

Number of Books

21 23 15 2437 55 39 4035 28 20 20

Number of CDs

10 26 13 12 20 1512 20 15 29 11 2111 10 14 29 15 22

VOTERS Of 350,000 registered 1.voters, 800 were surveyed.Their voting preferences are listed in the table. Use the table for Questions 1 and 2.

1. Predict how many of the registered voters would vote for Ledo.

2. Predict how many of the 2.registered voters would vote for Sanchez.

3. AGRICULTURE The line graph shows 3.the bushels of soybeans, in hundreds,harvested by an Illinois farmer for several years. If the trend continues,about how many bushels will beharvested in 2008?

4. Find the mean, median, and mode 4.for the following data. Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.8.2, 8.7, 8.1, 8.5, 8.1, 8.6, 8.2, 8.1 5.

BUDGET For Questions 5 and 6, use the following information.The Hamil family’s monthly budget is rent ($900), food ($350),utilities ($75), entertainment ($140), and other ($280).


6. What do the horizontal and vertical axes represent?

SCHOOL For Questions 7–10, use 6.the stem-and-leaf plot. It showsthe number of hours studentsspend studying per day.

7. How many students are represented on the stem-and-leaf plot? 7.

8. What is the range of hours studying? 8.

9. Find the median and mode for the data. 9.

10. Write a sentence or two to describe howthe hours spent studying are spread out. 10.

Monthly Expenditures

Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____Chapter 8 Test, Form 2D

Stem Leaf01234

0 50 2 5 6 80 2 4 5 50 5 5 5 80 5

2|0 � 2.0 h

y

xBush

els

(hun

dred

s)

21

23

25

27

29

0

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Year

Soybeans

Candidate Percent of Voters

Carroll 19%

Ledo 34%

Sanchez 27%

Undecided 20%

CLUBS For Questions 11 and 12,use the table. It shows the number of students in each extracurricular school club. 11.11. Find the mean, median, and

mode of the data.

12. Which measure best describes the data? Explain. 12.

MOVIES For Questions 13–15, use the table. It shows the number of movies students attended in a theater during the last month. 13.


14. Identify any clusters, gaps, or outliers. 14.

15. Summarize the data in a sentence or two. 15.

16. HEALTH A survey showed that 4 out of 10 teens drink at least 6 glasses of water each day. Based on that survey, how many teenagers in a class of 40 do you expect to drink at least six glasses of water each day? 16.

17. MUSIC To evaluate the quality of digital music players,the manufacturer pulls every 30th digital music player off the assembly line to check for defects. Is this conclusion valid? Justify your answer. 17.

18. SHOPPING To evaluate their service, a department store asks its customers to call a number and complete a telephone survey. The majority of those who replied said that they prefer the store stay open one extra hour. As a result, the store decides to stay open one extra hour each night. Is this conclusion valid? Justify your answer. 18.

19. BUSINESS The line graphs show the profits of a company from June to October. Which graph could be misleading? Why? 19.

Bonus Without calculating, would the mean, median, or mode B:be most affected by eliminating 340 from the list below? Which would be the least affected? Explain.

38, 47, 340, 52, 35, 34

J J A S O

9,300

9,200

9,100

9,400

9,500

Prof

it ($

)

Month

0

Graph ACompany Profit

J J A S O

9,500

9,400

9,200

9,600

9,700

Prof

it ($

)

Month

0

Graph BCompany Profit

0 1 2 3 4 5 7 96 8 10 11

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


8 Chapter 8 Test, Form 2D (continued)

Number of Students

10 12 15 7313 20 12 1615 25 9

Movies

3 2 4 0 1 33 0 1 3 2 9

11 3 2 5 4 0

MUSIC For Questions 1–3, use the table. It shows the length (in seconds) of a hit single on students’ favorite music CDs.

1. Make a histogram to representthe data. 1.

2. In which interval does the length of most of the hit singles fall? 2.

3. If a student listens to his or her favorite hit single two times, what is the longest and shortest amount 3.of listening time?

MILK For Questions 4 and 5, use thetable. It shows the prices of a half gallon of milk from 1910 to 1970.

4. Make a line graph of the data.

4.

5. Predict the price of a half gallon of milk in 2010. 5.

NATURAL DISASTER For Questions 6–9, use the table. It shows the magnitudes of the largest earthquakes recorded from 1988–2002.

6. Make a line plot of the data. 6.

7. What is the range? 7.

8. What is the mode? 8.

9. Identify any clusters, gaps,or outliers. 9.

10. NATURE Why might this graphbe misleading? 10.

6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0

Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____Chapter 8 Test, Form 3

Length of HitSingle (s)

220 150 220 205 256178 261 258 327 275166 341 157 208 219184 265 225 329 248

Year Price (¢)1910 171920 331930 281940 261950 411960 521970 66

Magnitude

6.8 6.3 7.7 7.1

6.1 6.1 7.9 7.6 7.46.0 6.9 6.1 7.5 6.9

7.0

Pere

nty

Wate

r

Monito

r

Kom

odo

Dragon

7

8

6

0

5

9

10

Leng

th

Iguan

a

Lizards

POPULATION For Questions 11 and 12,use the table. It shows the population of the five largest cities inthe world.

11. Find the mean, median, and mode of the data. 11.

12. Would the mean or median be most affected by eliminating Tokyo’s population from the list? Explain. 12.

MOVIES For Questions 13 and 14, use the table. It shows thenumber of actors who starredin different movies.

13. Make a stem-and-leaf plot of the data.

13.

14. Find the median and mode for the data. 14.

VOTERS Of 50,000 registered voters, 574 were surveyed.Their voting preferences are listed in the table. Use the table for Questions 15 and 16.

15. Predict how many of the registered voters 15.would vote for Jones.

16. Predict how many of the registered 16.voters would vote for Alvarez.

Bonus Do values that are much greater or much less than the other values affect the mean of a set of data? Give an example to support your answer. B:

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


8 Chapter 8 Test, Form 3 (continued)

City Population(thousands)

Tokyo, Japan 26,444Mexico City, Mexico 18,131Mumbai, India 18,066São Paulo, Brazil 17,755New York City, U.S. 16,640

Number of Actors44 10 24 5 29 3028 29 18 50 23 324 26 8 34 20 2424 25 9 15 39 16

Stem Leaf

Candidate Percent of Voters

Mulroney 33%

Alvarez 21%

Jones 23%

Undecided 23%

Demonstrate your knowledge by giving a clear, concise solution to each problem.Be sure to include all relevant drawings and justify your answers. You may showyour solutions in more than one way or investigate beyond the requirements ofthe problem. If necessary, record your answer on another piece of paper.

1. The graph below gives the mean of the total scores of two teams for all of their footballgames in each year in a recent decade.

a. What was the mean total score per college football game in Year 5?

b. What would you expect the mean total score to be in Year 11? Explain your answer.

c. Explain why the graph might be considered misleading.

2. The number of home runs hit by Babe Ruth each year from 1918 through 1931 were 11, 29, 54, 59, 35, 41, 46, 33, 47, 60, 54, 46, 49, and 46.

a. Make a line plot for the set of data. Explain what is meant by a cluster. Circle anyclusters on the line plot.

b. Explain in your own words what is meant by the mean, median, and mode of a set ofdata. Find the mean, median, and mode of the set of data. If necessary, round to thenearest tenth. Show your work.

c. Make a stem-and-leaf plot of the number of home runs Babe Ruth hit each year.Explain each step.

3. Explain what it means to analyze data. Describe some methods for analyzing data.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

44

42

40

46

48

Mea

n To

tal S

core

per G

ame

Year

0

Scoring in College Football

Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____Chapter 8 Extended-Response Test

1. Solve y � 12 � 73. (Lesson 1-7)

A 61 B 62 C 85 D 86 1.

2. Evaluate j � k if j � 14 and k � �9. (Lesson 2-4)

F �23 G �5 H 5 J 23 2.

3. MUSIC Refer to the table. It shows the results of a survey in which 287 middle school students were asked to name their favorite types of music. How many students would you expect to choose country as their favorite type of music. (Lesson 8-8)

A 9 B 19 C 90 D 190 3.

4. Find the LCM of 21 and 49. (Lesson 4-8)

F 3 G 7 H 14 J 147 4.

5. Find �25� � �

45�. Write in simplest form. (Lesson 5-2)

A 1�15� B �

35� C �

25� D �2

65�

5.

6. Solve 10 � �45

�w. (Lesson 5-7)

F 12�12

� G 8�12

� H 8 J 5 6.

7. Write 3.95 as a percent. (Lesson 6-9)

A 0.0395% B 3.95% C 3�1290�

% D 395% 7.

8. Find the percent of discount to the nearest percent if the regular price is $38 and the sale price is $19.60. (Lesson 7-7)

F 3% G 7% H 48% J 70% 8.

9. Find the interest earned to the nearest cent for a principal of $250, an interest rate of 11.25%, and a time period of 4 months. (Lesson 7-8)

A $112.50 B $88.69 C $9.38 D $7.40 9.

10. ENVIRONMENT The bar graph represents the content (inpercents) of U.S. landfills.Which is not a true statement? (Lesson 8-4)

F The mode is paper.G Metal makes up 8%

of landfills.H Plastic and paper make

up most of landfills.J The median is 16%. 10. F G H J

Other

Food

& Ya

rd W

aste

Rubb

er &

Leath

er

Metal

15

20

10

0

5

25

30

35

Plasti

cPa

per

U.S. Landfill Content

8%

24%

6%

11%

30%

21%

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

SCORE _____


8 Standardized Test Practice(Chapters 1–8)

Type of Music Percent

rock ‘n’ roll 35%

classical/jazz 10%

country 26%

pop 29%

POPULATION For Questions 11 and 12, refer to the line plotgiven. It shows the population (in millions) of the largest cities in the world.

11. Which of the following describes a cluster of data? (Lesson 8-1)

A 12–13 C 18–26B 13 D 26 11.

12. Determine which sentence is not true? (Lesson 8-2)

F The mode is 4.G The majority of the data is below 18.H The range is 14.J There are 10 numbers in the data set. 12.

CALCULATORS For Questions 13and 14, refer to the histogram given. It shows the cost ofcalculators at an electronicsstore. (Lesson 8-4)

13. What is the interval?A 11 C 19 13.B $0–$119 D 20

14. What is the cost of the greatest number of calculators?F $0–$19 H $20–$39G 11 J $80–$99 14.

15. Solve 1.7t � 8.5. (Lesson 3-3)

A 5 C 10.2B 6.8 D 14.45 15.

16. What is 25% of $250? (Lesson 7-1)

F 1000 H 10G 62.5 J 6.25 16. F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D60

–79

40–5

9

20–3

90–

19

81012

46

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80–9

9

100–

119

Price ($)

Calculators

F G H J

A B C D

12 14 16 18 20 22 262410

� �

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Ass

essm

ent


8NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

Standardized Test Practice (continued)

(Chapters 1–8)

17. Write �1357� as a decimal using bar notation. (Lesson 4-5) 17.

18. ASTRONOMY The stem-and-leaf 18.plot shows the mean distance (millions of miles) that the first ten asteroids are from the Sun. Find the median for these data. (Lessons 8-2, 8-3)

19. MARRIAGE The line graph shows 19.the median age for a female’s first marriage. Predict the age for a female’s first marriage in 2010. (Lesson 8-6)

20. WEATHER Refer to the data which gives the average monthlyrainfall in Phoenix, Arizona.

a. Explain how to find the range of the data and give 20a.the range. (Lesson 2-3)

b. Find the median of the data. Show your work. 20b.(Lesson 2-4)

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

24

22

20

26

30

Age

0

Age of Femaleat First Marriage

28

Part 2: Short Response

Instructions: Write answers to short response in the space provided.

NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____


8 Standardized Test Practice (continued)

(Chapters 1–8)

Stem Leaf202122232425

491 1 2 5987 7

22|1 � 221

Month Jan.Rainfall(mm) 21

Feb.

21

Mar.

30

Apr.

7

May

5

June

3

July

21

Aug.

30

Sept.

23

Nov.

18

Oct.

14

Dec.

28

An

swer

s

pygp

Lesson 8–1

Cha

pter

89

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Rea

d t

he

intr

odu

ctio

n a

t th

e to

p o

f p

age

396

in y

our

text

boo

k.W

rite

you

r an

swer

s b

elow

.

1.D

o an

y of

th

e va

lues

see

m m

uch

gre

ater

or

mu

ch l

ess

than

th

e ot

her

dat

ava

lues

?ye

s;73

an

d 6

2 se

em m

uch

gre

ater

th

an t

he

oth

erd

ata

valu

es.

2.D

o so

me

of t

he

buil

din

gs h

ave

the

sam

e n

um

ber

of s

tori

es?

Is t

his

eas

y to

see?

Exp

lain

.M

ore

th

an o

ne

build

ing

has

52

sto

ries

,44

sto

ries

,42

sto

ries

,an

d 3

9 st

ori

es.W

ith

ou

t lis

tin

g

the

dat

a in

ord

er,t

his

is n

ot

easy

to

det

erm

ine.

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

3.If

th

e le

ast

nu

mbe

r of

a d

ata

set

is 7

5 an

d th

e gr

eate

st n

um

ber

in t

he

set

is 2

00,w

hat

is

the

ran

ge?

125

4.G

ive

an e

xam

ple

of a

set

of

data

for

wh

ich

you

cou

ld c

reat

e a

lin

e pl

ot.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:th

e n

um

ber

of

stu

den

ts w

ho

ear

ned

eac

hg

rad

e o

n a

tes

t

5.If

you

see

a g

ap i

n a

lin

e pl

ot,w

hat

do

you

kn

ow a

bou

t th

at i

nte

rval

?S

amp

le a

nsw

er:T

her

e ar

e n

o d

ata

in t

hat

inte

rval

.

Rem

emb

er W

hat

Yo

u L

earn

ed6.

Dis

cuss

wh

at p

iece

s of

in

form

atio

n a

lin

e pl

ot c

an p

rovi

de f

or a

set

of

data

.S

amp

le a

nsw

ers:

ran

ge

of

dat

a,lo

cati

on

of

dat

a,g

aps

in d

ata,

freq

uen

cy o

f d

ata,

ou

tlie

rs.

Less

on R

eadi

ng G

uide

Lin

e P

lots

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ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

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E _

____

____

____

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ore

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ead

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tem

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ecid

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het

her

you

Agr

ee (

A)

or D

isag

ree

(D)

wit

h t

he

stat

emen

t.

•W

rite

A o

r D

in

th

e fi

rst

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mn

OR

if

you

are

not

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re w

het

her

you

agr

ee o

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ee,w

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(N

ot S

ure

).

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lete

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ap

ter

8

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tate

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t an

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ete

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last

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or

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.

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id a

ny

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our

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ion

s ab

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emen

ts c

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ge f

rom

th

e fi

rst

colu

mn

?

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or t

hos

e st

atem

ents

th

at y

ou m

ark

wit

h a

D,u

se a

pie

ce o

f pa

per

to w

rite

an

ex

ampl

e of

wh

y yo

u d

isag

ree.

Ant

icip

atio

n Gu

ide

Sta

stis

tics

:A

nal

yzin

g D

ata

Cha

pter

87

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

pygp

Step

2

Step

1

ST

EP

1S

tate

men

tS

TE

P 2

A,D

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r D

1.W

hen

dra

win

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nu

mbe

r li

ne

for

a li

ne

plot

you

mu

st

Dal

way

s st

art

the

nu

mbe

r li

ne

at 0

.2.

Th

e m

ean

of

a se

t of

dat

a is

th

e su

m o

f th

e da

ta d

ivid

ed b

y A

the

nu

mbe

r of

ite

ms

in t

he

data

set

.3.

Th

e m

ode

of a

set

of

data

is

the

mid

dle

nu

mbe

r of

th

e D

orde

red

data

.4.

In a

ste

m-a

nd-

leaf

plo

t of

th

e da

ta 1

2,15

,22,

10,2

6,37

,14

,an

d 36

,th

e le

aves

wou

ld b

e fo

rmed

by

the

digi

ts

A0,

2,4,

5,6,

and

7.5.

Th

e ba

rs o

f a

bar

grap

h m

ust

hav

e eq

ual

wid

ths

but

the

Dba

rs o

f a

his

togr

am c

an h

ave

diff

eren

t w

idth

s.6.

Th

e sa

me

con

clu

sion

s ca

n b

e dr

awn

abo

ut

a da

ta s

et ju

st

Das

eas

ily

from

eit

her

a c

har

t or

a g

raph

.7.

Lin

e gr

aph

s ar

e be

tter

to

pred

ict

futu

re e

ven

ts t

han

D

scat

ter

plot

s.8.

Sin

ce a

ll g

raph

s ar

e u

sefu

l to

hel

p dr

aw c

oncl

usi

ons

abou

t a

Dse

t of

dat

a,an

y gr

aph

may

be

chos

en t

o re

pres

ent

that

set

.9.

Usi

ng

a sc

ale

of u

nev

en i

nte

rval

s on

a g

raph

can

res

ult

in

A

mis

lead

ing

info

rmat

ion

.

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8

Answers (Anticipation Guide and Lesson 8-1)

Chapter 8 A1 Glencoe California Mathematics, Grade 6

Skill

s Pr

actic

e L

ine

Plo

ts

Cha

pter

811

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–1

pygp

For

Exe

rcis

es 1

–3,u

se t

he

dat

a at

th

e ri

ght

that

sh

ows

the

nu

mb

er o

f fi

sh e

ach

per

son

cau

ght

on a

fis

hin

g tr

ip.

1.M

ake

a li

ne

plot

of

the

data

.

2.W

hat

is

the

ran

ge o

f th

e da

ta?

7

3.Id

enti

fy a

ny

clu

ster

s,ga

ps,o

r ou

tlie

rs a

nd

anal

yze

the

data

by

desc

ribi

ng

wh

at t

hes

eva

lues

rep

rese

nt.

Th

ere

is a

clu

ster

aro

un

d 1

,2,a

nd

3.A

lth

ou

gh

1 w

asm

ost

co

mm

on

,mo

st p

eop

le c

aug

ht

1,2,

or

3 fi

sh.T

her

e is

a g

apb

etw

een

4 a

nd

7.T

hat

mea

ns

that

no

on

e ca

ug

ht

5 o

r 6

fish

.Th

e n

um

ber

7 ap

pea

rs t

o b

e an

ou

tlie

r,w

hic

h m

ean

s th

e p

erso

n t

hat

cau

gh

t 7

fish

isn

ot

rep

rese

nta

tive

of

the

wh

ole

dat

a se

t.

Mak

e a

lin

e p

lot

for

each

set

of

dat

a.Id

enti

fy a

ny

clu

ster

s,ga

ps,

orou

tlie

rs.

4.5.

Th

ere

are

no

clu

ster

s.T

her

e is

a

Th

ere

is a

clu

ster

aro

un

d 2

,3,

gap

bet

wee

n 8

5 an

d 9

0.T

her

ean

d 4

.Th

ere

is a

gap

bet

wee

n

are

no

ou

tlie

rs.

4 an

d 7

.Th

ere

are

no

ou

tlie

rs.

For

Exe

rcis

es 6

–8,u

se t

he

lin

e p

lot

at t

he

righ

t.

6.W

hat

is

the

ran

ge o

f th

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ta?

16

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mbe

r oc

curr

ed m

ost

ofte

n?

9

8.Id

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ny

clu

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r ou

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Th

ere

is a

clu

ster

aro

un

d

8,9,

and

10.

Th

ere

is a

gap

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2 an

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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

8-1

SHO

E SI

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he

tab

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how

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ver

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For

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er o

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rs.

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ple

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4 a

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Answers (Lesson 8-1)


An

swer

s

Wor

d Pr

oble

m P

ract

ice

Lin

e P

lots

Cha

pter

813

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–1

pygp

TELE

VIS

ION

SET

SF

or E

xerc

ises

1–6

,use

th

e ta

ble

bel

ow.I

t sh

ows

the

nu

mb

er o

f te

levi

sion

set

s ow

ned

by

30 d

iffe

ren

t fa

mil

ies.

1.M

ake

a li

ne

plot

for

th

e da

ta.

2.H

ow m

any

tele

visi

ons

do m

ost

fam

ilie

sow

n?

2 te

levi

sio

ns

3.W

hat

is

the

grea

test

nu

mbe

r of

tele

visi

ons

own

ed b

y a

fam

ily?

5 te

levi

sio

ns

4.W

hat

is

the

ran

ge o

f th

e da

ta?

5

5.Id

enti

fy a

ny

clu

ster

s,ga

ps,o

r ou

tlie

rs,

if a

ny

exis

t,an

d ex

plai

n w

hat

th

eym

ean

.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:T

he

dat

acl

ust

ers

aro

un

d 2

an

d 3

.Th

ism

ean

s th

at m

ost

of

the

fam

ilies

ow

ned

2 o

r 3

tele

visi

on

s.T

her

ear

e n

o g

aps

or

ou

tlie

rs.

6.D

escr

ibe

how

th

e ra

nge

of

the

data

wou

ld c

han

ge i

f 5

wer

e n

ot p

art

of t

he

data

set

.T

he

ran

ge

wo

uld

be

4in

stea

d o

f 5.

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visi

on

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s

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2

Dis

pla

y ea

ch s

et o

f d

ata

in a

lin

e p

lot.

1.2.

3.4.

RA

INFA

LLF

or E

xerc

ises

5–9

,an

alyz

e th

e li

ne

plo

t th

at s

how

s th

eam

oun

t of

dai

ly r

ain

fall

in

in

ches

du

rin

g 30

con

secu

tive

day

s in

ara

iny

seas

on.

5.F

ind

the

ran

ge o

f th

e da

ta.

4.1

inch

es

6.H

ow m

any

days

did

it

rain

mor

e th

an 1

.0 i

nch

? 19

day

s

7.W

hat

rai

nfa

ll a

mou

nt

occu

rred

mos

t of

ten

? 1.

2 in

ches

8.Id

enti

fy a

ny

clu

ster

s,ga

ps,o

r ou

tlie

rs.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:cl

ust

ers

occ

ur

bet

wee

n 1

.0 in

ch t

o 1

.5 in

ches

,an

d 2

.5 in

ches

to

2.8

inch

es;

gap

s o

ccu

rb

etw

een

1.7

inch

es t

o 2

.5 in

ches

,an

d 2

.8 in

ches

to

4.1

inch

es;

an o

utl

ier

occ

urs

at

4.1

inch

es

00.

51.

01.

54.

54.

03.

52.

02.

53.

0

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ly R

ainf

all (

inch

es)

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Mile

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rive

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____

____

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____

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IOD

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___

Prac

tice

Lin

e P

lots

Cha

pter

812

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-1

Wei

ghts

of

Dog

s (p

oun

ds)

2112

3314

178

3018

1525

1421

1419

12

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iz S

core

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9978

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e (m

inu

tes)

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es D

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111

108

9412

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312

595

110

115

122

107

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113

3

6SD

AP

1.1,

6S

DA

P1.

2



Spre

adsh

eet A

ctiv

ityL

ine

Plo

ts

Cha

pter

815

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–1

pygp

You

can

use

a s

prea

dshe

et t

o cr

eate

line

plo

ts.

Hel

len

teac

hes

a m

ath

clas

s at

Sta

te U

nive

rsit

y.Sh

e w

ants

to

look

at

the

rela

tion

ship

bet

wee

n th

e nu

mbe

r of

day

s a

stud

ents

mis

ses

clas

s ou

t of

20

clas

ses

and

the

aver

age

grad

es.C

reat

e a

line

plot

fro

m t

he d

ata

to t

he r

ight

.

Step

1E

nter

the

days

mis

sed

in th

e fi

rst c

olum

n an

d th

e av

erag

e gr

ade

in th

e se

cond

col

umn.

Pre

ss E

NTE

Raf

ter

each

day

to m

ove

to th

e ce

ll b

elow

.

Step

2C

hoos

e th

e ch

art w

izar

d fr

om th

e to

olba

r. N

ext,

sele

ct X

Y(S

catt

er)

and

choo

se s

catt

er w

ith

data

po

ints

con

nect

ed b

y li

nes.

Pre

ss N

EXT,

NEX

T,

NEX

T, a

nd F

INIS

H. T

his

wil

l giv

e a

line

plo

t of

the

data

.

Not

e: I

f th

e da

ta is

not

in d

esce

ndin

g or

der,

firs

t sor

t the

dat

a so

that

it is

.

An

swer

th

e fo

llow

ing

qu

esti

ons.

1.D

oes

ther

e ap

pear

to b

e a

rela

tion

ship

bet

wee

n th

e nu

mbe

r of

cla

sses

mis

sed

and

the

aver

age

grad

es?

Yes,

the

less

a s

tud

ent

go

es t

o c

lass

th

e lo

wer

th

e g

rad

e av

erag

e.

2.W

hat

advi

ce w

ould

you

giv

e to

a s

tude

nt i

n on

e of

Hel

len’

s cl

asse

s?G

o t

o c

lass

eve

ryd

ay.

3.R

esea

rch

the

popu

lati

on o

f yo

ur s

tate

for

10

year

s an

d us

ing

a sp

read

shee

t cr

eate

a l

ine

plot

wit

h th

e da

ta.

See

stu

den

ts’w

ork

.

AB

CD

EF

HG

I1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

0 1 2 3 4 6 7 9 10 18

80 79 89 80 82 50 58 50 66 1

Sh

eet

1S

hee

t 2

Sh

eet

3

Serie

s 1

0 05

1015

20

20406080100

Nu

mb

erA

vera

ge

of

day

s g

rad

em

isse

d0

801

792

893

824

846

507

589

6010

6618

1

Exam

ple

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-1

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Enri

chm

ent

Cha

pter

814

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-1

Enh

ance

d L

ine

Plo

tsYo

u h

ave

lear

ned

to

crea

te l

ine

plot

s to

an

alyz

e gi

ven

dat

a.S

omet

imes

alt

erin

g a

lin

e pl

otca

n s

how

eve

n m

ore

info

rmat

ion

abo

ut

a da

ta s

et.

SPO

RTS

For

Exe

rcis

es 1

–4,u

se t

he

foll

owin

g d

ata

abou

t th

e S

up

er B

owl.

Th

e N

atio

nal

Foo

tbal

l L

eagu

e be

gan

ch

oosi

ng

its

cham

pion

in

th

e S

upe

r B

owl

in 1

967.

Th

eli

st b

elow

sh

ows

the

mar

gin

of

vict

ory

and

the

win

nin

g le

agu

e fo

r th

e fi

rst

40 S

upe

r B

owl

gam

es.I

n t

he

list

,A i

ndi

cate

s th

at t

he

win

nin

g te

am i

s fr

om t

he

Am

eric

an F

ootb

all

Con

fere

nce

(A

FC

),N

in

dica

tes

that

th

e w

inn

ing

team

is

from

th

e N

atio

nal

Foo

tbal

lC

onfe

ren

ce.

1.M

ake

a li

ne

plot

of

the

nu

mer

ical

dat

a.

2.W

hat

do

you

obs

erve

abo

ut

the

win

nin

g m

argi

ns?

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

e m

ajo

rity

of

the

mar

gin

s w

ere

less

th

an 2

0 p

oin

ts,w

ith

th

e h

igh

est

con

cen

trat

ion

of

mar

gin

s fr

om

3 t

o 1

7 p

oin

ts.

3.M

ake

a n

ew l

ine

plot

for

th

e w

inn

ing

mar

gin

s by

rep

laci

ng

each

�w

ith

A f

or a

n A

FC

win

or

N f

or a

n N

FC

win

.Wh

at d

o yo

u o

bser

ve a

bou

t th

e w

inn

ing

mar

gin

s w

hen

look

ing

at t

his

en

han

ced

lin

e pl

ot?

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

e m

arg

ins

ten

d t

o b

eh

igh

er f

or

gam

es t

hat

are

wo

n b

y N

FC

tea

ms.

4.T

he

list

of

Su

per

Bow

l m

argi

ns

is g

iven

in

ord

er o

f ye

ars:

firs

t 25

-N,t

hen

9-N

,an

d so

on.D

escr

ibe

any

patt

ern

s yo

u s

ee i

n t

he

mar

gin

s or

in

th

e w

inn

ing

leag

ue

over

th

eye

ars

of t

he

Su

per

Bow

l.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:T

he

AF

C w

on

mo

st o

f th

e ea

rly

Su

per

Bo

wls

,th

en t

he

NF

C w

on

a s

trin

g o

f 13

Su

per

Bo

wls

in a

ro

w.T

he

AF

C h

as w

on

mo

st o

f th

e S

up

er B

ow

ls s

ince

th

at s

trin

g e

nd

ed.

05

1015

2025

3530

4045

NA AA A

N

A

AN

N

A

AA

N N

AA

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NA

A

N A N AA

N NN

NN

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NN

N

05

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219

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15-A

416

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27-A

621

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5-N

2613

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2735

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27-N

817

-A18

29-A

2817

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3-A

910

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22-N

2923

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3-A

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11-A

6SD

AP

1.1,

6S

DA

P1.

2



An

swer

s

6SD

AP

1.1,

6S

DA

P1.

2,6S

DA

P1.

4

Exam

ple

Exer

cise

s

Stud

y Gu

ide

and

Inte

rven

tion

Mea

sure

s o

f C

entr

al T

end

ency

an

d R

ang

e

Cha

pter

817

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–2

pygp

12

Th

e ta

ble

sh

ows

the

nu

mb

er o

f h

ours

stu

den

ts s

pen

t p

ract

icin

g fo

r a

mu

sic

reci

tal.

Fin

d t

he

mea

n,m

edia

n,

and

mod

e of

th

e d

ata.

mea

n �

��1 26 00 �

or 8

.

To

fin

d th

e m

edia

n,t

he

data

mu

st b

e or

dere

d.

0,1,

2,3,

3,5,

6,7,

8,8,

8,9,

10,1

0,11

,12,

12,1

2,15

,18

�8� 2

8�

�8

To

fin

d th

e m

ode,

look

for

th

e n

um

ber

that

occ

urs

mos

t of

ten

.Sin

ce 8

an

d 12

eac

h o

ccu

r 3

tim

es,t

he

mod

es a

re 8

an

d 12

.

Fin

d t

he

mea

n,m

edia

n,a

nd

mod

e fo

r ea

ch s

et o

f d

ata.

Rou

nd

to

the

nea

rest

ten

th i

f n

eces

sary

.

1.27

,56,

34,1

9,41

,56,

27,2

5,34

,56

2.7,

3,12

,4,6

,3,4

,8,7

,3,2

0m

ean

,37.

5;m

edia

n,3

4;m

ean

,7;

med

ian

,6;

mo

de,

3m

od

e,56

3.1,

23,4

,6,7

,20,

7,5,

3,4,

6,7,

11,6

4.3,

3,3,

3,3,

3,3

mea

n,7

.9 m

edia

n,6

;m

ean

,3;

med

ian

,3;

mo

de,

3m

od

e,7

and

6

5.2,

4,1,

3,5,

6,1,

1,3,

4,3,

16.

4,0,

12,1

0,0,

5,7,

16,1

2,10

,12,

12m

ean

,2.8

;m

edia

n,3

;m

od

e,1

mea

n,8

.3,m

edia

n,1

0;m

od

e,12

3�

12�

10�

… �

12�

��

20

The

mea

nis

the

sum

of

the

data

div

ided

by

the

num

ber

of d

ata

item

s.T

he m

edia

nis

the

mid

dle

num

ber

of t

he o

rder

ed d

ata,

or

the

mea

n of

the

mid

dle

two

num

bers

.The

mo

de

is t

he n

umbe

r (o

rnu

mbe

rs)

that

occ

ur m

ost

ofte

n.T

he m

ean,

med

ian,

and

mod

e ar

e ea

ch m

easu

res

of

cen

tral

ten

den

cy.

Nu

mb

ers

of H

ours

Sp

ent

Pra

ctic

ing

13 18 8 8

12 11 6 2

10 12 0 15

18 10 1 9

17 3 5 12

{

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-2

6SD

AP

1.1,

6S

DA

P1.

2,6S

DA

P1.

4

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Less

on R

eadi

ng G

uide

Mea

sure

s o

f C

entr

al T

end

ency

an

d R

ang

e

Cha

pter

816

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-2

Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Com

ple

te t

he

Min

i L

ab a

t th

e to

p o

f p

age

402

in y

our

text

boo

k.W

rite

you

r an

swer

s b

elow

.

1.W

hat

was

th

e av

erag

e sc

ore

for

the

five

qu

izze

s.8

po

ints

2.If

th

e qu

iz s

core

of

14 p

oin

ts i

s ad

ded

to t

he

data

,how

man

y pe

nn

ies

wou

ld b

e in

eac

h c

up?

9

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

3.L

ook

at t

he

data

set

2,5

,5,6

,8,1

1,12

.Wh

at i

s th

e m

ean

? th

e m

edia

n?

the

mod

e?7;

6;5

4.M

atch

th

e m

easu

re o

f ce

ntr

al t

ende

ncy

wit

h t

he

desc

ript

ion

of

wh

en i

tw

ould

be

mos

t u

sefu

l.

med

ian

a.

Th

e da

ta s

et h

as m

any

iden

tica

ln

um

bers

.

mea

n

b

.T

her

e ar

e n

o bi

g ga

ps i

n t

he

mid

dle

ofth

e da

ta.

mod

e

c.T

he

data

set

has

no

outl

iers

.

5.If

you

wan

ted

to f

ind

the

aver

age

hei

ght

of a

ll o

f th

e st

ude

nts

in

acl

assr

oom

,wh

ich

wou

ld b

e th

e m

ost

accu

rate

to

use

—m

ean

,med

ian

,or

mod

e? W

hy?

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

e m

ean

wo

uld

be

the

mo

stac

cura

te.I

t is

ver

y u

nlik

ely

that

th

e m

od

e o

r m

edia

n w

ou

ldre

flec

t th

e tr

ue

aver

age.

Rem

emb

er W

hat

Yo

u L

earn

ed6.

In b

aseb

all,

a pl

ayer

has

a b

atti

ng

aver

age.

Wh

at d

oes

this

ave

rage

mea

sure

? W

hat

kin

d of

dat

a w

ould

you

nee

d to

cal

cula

te a

bat

tin

gav

erag

e?S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

A b

atti

ng

ave

rag

e in

dic

ates

ho

wsu

cces

sfu

l a p

laye

r w

as a

t h

itti

ng

giv

en a

nu

mb

er o

fo

pp

ort

un

itie

s (c

alle

d “

at b

ats”

).To

cal

cula

te a

bat

tin

gav

erag

e yo

u w

ou

ld n

eed

at

leas

t a

nu

mb

er o

f h

its

and

an

um

ber

of

at b

ats.

acb



6SD

AP

1.1,

6S

DA

P1.

2,6S

DA

P1.

4

Fin

d t

he

mea

n,m

edia

n,a

nd

mod

e fo

r ea

ch s

et o

f d

ata.

Rou

nd

to

the

nea

rest

ten

th i

f n

eces

sary

.

1.N

um

ber

of p

arki

ng

spac

es u

sed:

45,3

9,41

,45,

44,6

4,51

mea

n:

47 s

pac

es;

med

ian

:45

sp

aces

;m

od

e:45

sp

aces

2.P

rice

s of

pla

nts

:$10

,$8,

$20,

$25,

$14,

$39,

$10,

$10,

$8,$

16m

ean

:$1

6;m

edia

n:

$12;

mo

de:

$10

3.P

oin

ts s

core

d du

rin

g fo

otba

ll s

easo

n:1

4,20

,3,9

,18,

35,2

1,24

,31,

12,7

mea

n:

17.6

po

ints

;m

edia

n:

18 p

oin

ts;

mo

de:

no

ne

4.G

olf

scor

es:�

3,�

2,�

1,�

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1,�

2,�

5m

ean

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1;m

edia

n:

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po

ints

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od

es:

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and

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5.P

erce

nt

incr

ease

:3.3

,4.1

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mea

n:

3.8;

med

ian

:3.

9;m

od

e:3.

9

6.

mea

n:

$40;

med

ian

:$3

9;m

od

e:$3

8

7.C

HIL

DR

ENT

he

tabl

e sh

ows

the

nu

mbe

r of

ch

ildr

en l

ivin

g at

hom

e in

a n

eigh

borh

ood

of24

hom

es.W

hic

h m

easu

re b

est

desc

ribe

s th

e da

ta:m

ean

,med

ian

,or

mod

e? E

xpla

in.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

e d

ata

wo

uld

bes

t b

e d

escr

ibed

by

any

on

e o

f th

eth

ree

mea

sure

s:m

ean

,2.2

;m

edia

n,2

;o

r m

od

e,2.

8.W

OR

KT

he

tabl

e sh

ows

the

hou

rs S

am w

orke

d ea

ch w

eek

duri

ng

the

sum

mer

.How

man

y h

ours

did

he

wor

k du

rin

g th

e tw

elft

h w

eek

to a

vera

ge 2

0 h

ours

per

wee

k?22

ho

urs

3536

3738

3940

4142

4344

45

Do

llars

Sp

ent

Sho

pp

ing

��

��

��

��

Prac

tice

Mea

sure

s o

f C

entr

al T

end

ency

an

d R

ang

e

Cha

pter

819

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–2

pygp

Ch

ild

ren

at

Hom

e2

13

04

41

20

62

25

02

33

11

42

01

4

Hou

rs W

ork

ed18

2420

1915

2120

1918

2222

?

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

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ER

IOD

__

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8-2

6SD

AP

1.1,

6S

DA

P1.

2,6S

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4

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

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E _

____

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ER

IOD

__

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Skill

s Pr

actic

eM

easu

res

of

Cen

tral

Ten

den

cy a

nd

Ran

ge

Cha

pter

818

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-2

Fin

d t

he

mea

n,m

edia

n,a

nd

mod

e fo

r ea

ch s

et o

f d

ata.

Rou

nd

to

the

nea

rest

ten

th i

f n

eces

sary

.

1.5,

9,6,

6,11

,8,4

7;6;

62.

1,3,

5,2,

4,8,

4,7,

24;

4;2

and

4

3.1,

9,4,

7,5,

3,16

,11

7;6;

no

ne

4.3,

4,4,

4,4,

3,6

4;4;

4

5.3,

7,2,

5,5,

6,5,

10,1

1,5

6.19

,17,

24,1

1,19

,25,

15,1

5,19

,16,

165.

9;5;

517

.8;

17;

19

7.5,

8,9,

9,12

,6,4

8.3,

4,9,

7,6,

6,2

Mea

n 7

.6M

ean

5.3

Med

ian

8M

edia

n 6

Mo

de

9M

od

e 6

9.10

.

11;

11;

1229

;30

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an

d 3

2

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ne

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78

910

1112

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1516

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An

swer

s

Enri

chm

ent

Cha

pter

821

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–2

pygp

Qu

arti

les

Th

e m

edia

n i

s a

nu

mbe

r th

at d

escr

ibes

th

e “c

ente

r”of

a s

et o

f da

ta.H

ere

are

two

sets

wit

hth

e sa

me

med

ian

,50,

indi

cate

d by

.

Bu

t,so

met

imes

a s

ingl

e n

um

ber

may

not

be

enou

gh.T

he

nu

mbe

rs s

how

n i

n t

he

tria

ngl

esca

n a

lso

be u

sed

to d

escr

ibe

the

data

.Th

ey a

re c

alle

d qu

arti

les.

Th

e lo

wer

qu

arti

le i

s th

e

med

ian

of

the

low

er h

alf

of t

he

data

.It

is i

ndi

cate

d by

.T

he

upp

er q

uar

tile

is

the

med

ian

of t

he

upp

er h

alf.

It i

s in

dica

ted

by

.

Cir

cle

the

med

ian

in

eac

h s

et o

f d

ata.

Dra

w t

rian

gles

aro

un

d t

he

qu

arti

les.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Use

th

e fo

llow

ing

set

of t

est

scor

es t

o so

lve

the

pro

ble

ms.

71

57

29

3

7

53

41

25

3

7

53

27

62

55

75

4

8

66

53

66

4

8

75

66

5.W

hic

h s

core

s ar

e “i

n t

he

low

er q

uar

tile

”?25

,27,

29,a

nd

37

6.H

ow h

igh

wou

ld y

ou h

ave

to s

core

to

be “

in t

he

upp

er q

uar

tile

”?66

or

hig

her

5

2

9

7

9

3

7

8

7

2

5

6

9

5

1

1,15

0 1

,600

1,4

50

1,7

50

1,50

0 1

,300

1,2

00

1.7

0.4

1.4

2.3

0.3

2.7

2.0

0.9

2.7

2.6

1.2

2952

4437

2746

4360

3154

36

2530

3540

4550

5560

6570

75

010

2040

5050

6070

8090

100

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-2

7SD

AP

1.3

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AP

1.1,

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4

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

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____

____

____

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DAT

E _

____

____

____

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ER

IOD

__

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Wor

d Pr

oble

m P

ract

ice

Mea

sure

s o

f C

entr

al T

end

ency

an

d R

ang

e

Cha

pter

820

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-2

SCH

OO

LF

or E

xerc

ises

1–6

,use

th

e ta

ble

bel

ow.I

t sh

ows

the

nu

mb

er o

fti

mes

per

day

th

at s

tud

ents

go

to t

hei

r lo

cker

s.

1.M

ake

a fr

equ

ency

tab

le o

f th

e da

ta.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:2.

Wh

at i

s th

e ra

nge

of

the

data

?10

3.F

ind

the

mea

n,m

edia

n,a

nd

mod

e of

the

data

.Rou

nd

to t

he

nea

rest

ten

th i

fn

eces

sary

.m

ean

:3.

3;m

edia

n:

2.5;

mo

de:

2

4.W

ould

th

e m

ean

,med

ian

,or

mod

e be

stre

pres

ent

the

data

? E

xpla

in.

Mo

de;

the

dat

a h

as m

any

iden

tica

ln

um

ber

s.

5.E

xpla

in w

hy

the

mea

n d

oes

not

bes

tre

pres

ent

the

data

.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

Th

e m

ean

sh

ou

ld n

ot

be

use

dw

hen

th

e d

ata

has

ou

tlie

rs,a

nd

10 is

an

ou

tlie

r.

6.If

th

e va

lue

10 w

ere

drop

ped

from

th

eda

ta,f

ind

the

med

ian

an

d th

e m

ode

ofth

e re

mai

nin

g da

ta.

med

ian

:2;

mo

de:

2

Nu

mb

ero

f Vis

its

Tally

Fre

qu

ency

0–2

163–

511

6–8

49–

111

Stu

den

t L

ock

er V

isit

s2

20

12

213

40

52

52

512

42

46

45

615

62

20

14

610

2

|||| |

||| ||

|| |

|||| |

||| |

||||

|



Less

on R

eadi

ng G

uide

Ste

m-a

nd

-Lea

f P

lots

Cha

pter

823

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–3

pygp

Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Rea

d t

he

intr

odu

ctio

n a

t th

e to

p o

f p

age

410

in y

our

text

boo

k.W

rite

you

r an

swer

s b

elow

.

1.W

hic

h c

hic

k w

eigh

t is

th

e li

ghte

st?

5 g

ram

s

2.H

ow m

any

of t

he

wei

ghts

are

les

s th

an 1

0 gr

ams?

3

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

3.W

hat

can

you

det

erm

ine

easi

ly f

rom

a s

tem

-an

d-le

af p

lot?

the

gre

ates

t va

lue,

leas

t va

lue,

mo

de,

and

med

ian

4.H

ow d

o yo

u d

eter

min

e th

e st

ems

of a

ste

m-a

nd-

leaf

plo

t? H

ow d

o yo

ude

term

ine

the

leav

es?

Th

e st

ems

are

the

dig

its

of

the

gre

ates

tp

lace

val

ue

of

the

dat

a;th

e le

aves

are

th

e d

igit

s in

th

e le

ast

pla

ce v

alu

e.

5.If

you

loo

k at

a s

tem

-an

d-le

af p

lot,

how

can

you

tel

l w

hat

th

e st

ems

and

leav

es r

epre

sen

t?S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

Use

th

e ke

y th

at s

ho

ws

ho

wth

e d

igit

s ar

e re

late

d.

Rem

emb

er W

hat

Yo

u L

earn

ed6.

Des

crib

e h

ow t

he

arra

nge

men

t of

ste

ms

and

leav

es i

n a

ste

m-a

nd-

leaf

plot

rel

ates

to

a pl

ant

or t

ree.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:In

a s

tem

-an

d-l

eaf

plo

t,th

e le

aves

in o

ne

row

all

shar

e a

com

mo

n s

tem

,ju

stlik

e a

gro

up

of

leav

es a

ttac

hed

to

a c

om

mo

n s

tem

(o

rb

ran

ch)

of

a tr

ee.E

very

leaf

bel

on

gs

to a

par

ticu

lar

stem

.

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-3

6SD

AP

1.3,

6S

DA

P1.

1

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

TI-7

3 A

ctiv

ityF

ind

ing

th

e M

ean

Cha

pter

822

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-2

You

can

use

tw

o di

ffer

ent

met

hods

to

find

the

mea

n (a

vera

ge)

of a

set

of

data

wit

h yo

urca

lcul

ator

.

Met

hod

AA

dd th

e da

ta v

alue

s an

d di

vide

by

the

num

ber

of v

alue

s.

Met

hod

BE

nter

the

data

in a

list

and

then

use

the

Mea

n fu

ncti

on.

Step

1C

lear

all

list

s.[M

EM]6

Step

2O

pen

the

Lis

t fea

ture

.

Step

3E

nter

dat

a in

L1.

Pre

ss E

NTE

Raf

ter

each

dat

a va

lue.

Step

4R

etur

n to

the

Hom

e sc

reen

.[Q

UIT

]

Step

5Fi

nd th

e m

ean.

[STA

T]3

[STA

T]1

Fin

d t

he

mea

n t

emp

erat

ure

for

eac

h c

ity

in t

he

tab

le b

elow

.Rou

nd

eac

h a

nsw

er t

oth

e n

eare

st t

enth

.

1.T

he m

ean

tem

pera

ture

of

the

cold

est m

onth

in a

cit

yw

ith

a su

btro

pica

l cli

mat

eis

betw

een

27°F

and

64°

F. D

oan

y of

the

citi

es in

the

tabl

eab

ove

have

a s

ubtr

opic

alcl

imat

e? I

f so

, whi

ch o

nes?

yes;

Sea

ttle

,Den

ver,

El P

aso

2.In

a p

olar

cli

mat

e,th

e m

ean

tem

pera

ture

of

the

war

mes

t mon

th is

less

than

50°F

. Do

any

of th

e ci

ties

inth

e ta

ble

have

a p

olar

clim

ate?

no

EN

TE

R2n

d

2nd

2nd

LIS

T

EN

TE

R2n

d

Jan.

39.1

29.5

44.2

Feb

.42

.833

.548

.4

Mar

.44

.238

.055

.0

Apr

.48

.747

.463

.6

May

55.0

57.2

71.8

June

60.2

67.0

80.8

July

64.8

73.3

82.5

Aug

.64

.171

.480

.3

Sep

t.60

.062

.674

.1

Oct

.52

.451

.963

.6

Nov

.44

.838

.851

.4

Dec

.41

.032

.544

.4

Mea

nTe

mp.

51.4

50.3

63.3

Mea

n o

f M

on

thly

Tem

per

atu

re (

°F)

Cit

yS

eatt

le,

WA

Den

ver,

CO

El P

aso

,T

X

Answers (Lessons 8-2 and 8-3)


An

swer

s

Skill

s Pr

actic

e S

tem

-an

d-L

eaf

Plo

ts

Cha

pter

825

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–3

pygp

Mak

e a

stem

-an

d-l

eaf

plo

t fo

r ea

ch s

et o

f d

ata.

1.23

,36,

25,1

3,24

,25,

32,3

3,17

,26,

242.

3,4,

6,17

,12,

5,17

,4,2

6,17

,18,

21,1

6,15

,20

3|2

�32

2|0

�20

3.26

,27,

23,2

3,24

,26,

31,4

5,33

,32,

414.

347,

334,

346,

330,

348,

347,

359,

344,

357

40,2

1,20

35|7

�35

74|

0 �

40

HO

T D

OG

SF

or E

xerc

ises

5–7

,use

th

e st

em-

and

-lea

f p

lot

at t

he

righ

t th

at s

how

s th

en

um

ber

of

hot

dog

s ea

ten

du

rin

g a

con

test

.

5.H

ow m

any

hot

dog

s ar

e re

pres

ente

d on

th

e st

em-a

nd-

leaf

plo

t?18

9

6.W

hat

is

the

ran

ge o

f th

e n

um

ber

of h

ot d

ogs

eate

n?

14

7.F

ind

the

med

ian

an

d m

ode

of t

he

data

.14

;17

Det

erm

ine

the

mea

n,m

edia

n,a

nd

mod

e of

th

e d

ata

show

n i

n e

ach

stem

-an

d-l

eaf

plo

t.

8.9.

13;

15;

2026

;24

;20

10.

11.

233;

233;

233

and

221

12;

12;

12 a

nd

20

Ste

mL

eaf

1 2 3

37

34

45

56

23

6

Ste

mL

eaf

0 1 2

34

45

62

56

77

78

01

6

Ste

mL

eaf

33 34 35

04

46

77

87

9

Ste

mL

eaf

2 3 4

01

33

46

67

12

30

15

Ste

mL

eaf

22 23 24

11

27

33

90

68 24

|0

�24

0

Ste

mL

eaf

2 3 4

00

02

35

71

20

4|0

�40

Ste

mL

eaf

0 1 2

13

34

72

22

45

60

00

1 2|0

�20

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mL

eaf

0 1 2

12

23

34

55

00

01

32|

0�

20

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mL

eaf

0 1 2

88

91

22

47

77

11

22|

1�

21

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-3

6SD

AP

1.3,

6S

DA

P1.

1

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

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IOD

__

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Stud

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ide

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Inte

rven

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m-a

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lots

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pter

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iforn

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athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-3

In a

ste

m-a

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-lea

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lot,

the

data

are

org

aniz

ed f

rom

leas

t to

gre

ates

t.T

he d

igits

of

the

leas

t pl

ace

valu

e us

ually

form

the

leav

es,

and

the

next

pla

ce v

alue

dig

its fo

rm t

he s

tem

s.

Mak

e a

stem

-an

d-l

eaf

plo

t of

th

e d

ata

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ow.T

hen

fi

nd

th

e ra

nge

,med

ian

,an

d m

ode

of t

he

dat

a.42

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37,4

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Ord

er t

he

data

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m l

east

to

grea

test

.

35,3

5,37

,42,

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5,45

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9,63

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e le

ast

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the

grea

test

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ue

is 6

3.S

o,th

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ns

digi

ts f

orm

th

e st

ems,

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the

ones

digi

ts f

orm

th

e le

aves

.

ran

ge:

grea

test

val

ue

�le

ast

valu

e �

63 �

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6|3

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45

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en f

ind

th

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edia

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1.15

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e m

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e is

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de

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6 an

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8.

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4|5

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m-a

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pter

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ncoe

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iforn

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athe

mat

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de 6

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pygp

END

AN

GER

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xerc

ises

1–6

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th

e ta

ble

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ow.I

t sh

ows

the

nu

mb

er o

f en

dan

gere

d s

pec

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he

U.S

.

1.M

ake

a st

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6|1

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e gr

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um

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ofen

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e U

.S.?

bir

ds

3.W

hat

gro

up

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th

e le

ast

nu

mbe

r of

enda

nge

red

spec

ies

in t

he

U.S

.?am

ph

ibia

ns

4.W

hat

is

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ge o

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ta?

68

5.U

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our

stem

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term

ine

the

med

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on

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6.H

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e U

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En

dan

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mb

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um

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NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

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8-3

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1. 2.

GO

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top

15

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2004

Su

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3.F

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. med

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PRES

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6–1

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sth

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eac

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the

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ind

the

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ge o

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27 y

ears

9.F

ind

the

med

ian

an

d th

e m

ode

of t

he

data

med

ian

:55

yea

rs;

mo

de:

57 y

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10.

Bas

ed o

n t

he

data

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wh

at a

ge g

rou

p w

ere

the

maj

orit

y of

th

e pr

esid

ents

wh

enin

augu

rate

d?S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

50-5

9 ye

ars

(50-

58 y

ears

)

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Prac

tice

Ste

m-a

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1



An

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Less

on R

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uide

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Gra

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d H

isto

gra

ms

Cha

pter

829

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

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athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–4

pygp

Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Rea

d t

he

intr

od

uct

ion

at

the

top

of

pag

e 41

5 in

yo

ur

text

bo

ok.

Wri

teyo

ur

answ

ers

bel

ow

.

1.W

hat

are

th

e fa

stes

t an

d sl

owes

t sp

eeds

in

th

e ta

ble?

70 m

ph

;40

mp

h

2.H

ow c

an y

ou c

reat

e a

visu

al r

epre

sen

tati

on t

o su

mm

ariz

e th

e da

ta?

Sam

ple

an

swer

:U

se a

lin

e p

lot,

or

a st

em-a

nd

-lea

f p

lot.

3.D

o an

y of

th

ese

repr

esen

tati

ons

show

bot

h t

he

anim

al n

ame

and

its

spee

d?S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

No

,nei

ther

a li

ne

plo

t n

or

a st

em-a

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-lea

f p

lot

sho

w b

oth

th

e an

imal

nam

e an

d

its

spee

d.

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

4.L

ook

at E

xam

ple

1.W

hat

are

th

e th

ings

th

at a

bar

gra

ph s

hou

ld h

ave?

ho

rizo

nta

l an

d v

erti

cal a

xes

wit

h la

bel

s,sc

ale,

cate

go

ryn

ames

,bar

s re

pre

sen

tin

g e

ach

cat

ego

ry,a

nd

a t

itle

5.W

hy

are

all

of t

he

bars

in

a h

isto

gram

th

e sa

me

wid

th w

ith

out

spac

ebe

twee

n t

hem

?T

he

inte

rval

s ar

e eq

ual

.

Rem

emb

er W

hat

Yo

u L

earn

ed6.

How

is

a h

isto

gram

sim

ilar

to

a ba

r gr

aph

? H

ow i

s it

dif

fere

nt?

Sam

ple

an

swer

:B

oth

are

bar

gra

ph

s in

wh

ich

th

e b

ars

rep

rese

nt

valu

es,b

ut

the

bar

s in

a h

isto

gra

m r

epre

sen

t th

en

um

ber

of

valu

es w

ith

in a

n in

terv

al.

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-4

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ME

____

____

____

____

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____

____

____

____

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DAT

E _

____

____

____

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ER

IOD

__

___

Enri

chm

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Cha

pter

828

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

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athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-3

Bac

k-to

-Bac

k St

em-a

nd

-Lea

f Pl

ots

You

can

use

a b

ack

-to-

bac

k s

tem

-an

d-l

eaf

plo

tto

com

pare

tw

o se

ts o

f da

ta.I

n t

his

typ

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t,th

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aves

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on

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t of

dat

a ar

e on

on

e si

de o

f th

e st

ems,

and

the

leav

es f

or t

he

oth

er s

et o

f da

ta a

re o

n t

he

oth

er s

ide

of t

he

stem

s.T

wo

keys

to

the

data

are

nee

ded.

MA

RK

ETIN

GF

or E

xerc

ises

1 a

nd

2,u

se t

he

foll

owin

g d

ata

abou

t ad

vert

isin

g to

pre

teen

s an

d t

een

s.

Adv

erti

sers

dec

ide

wh

en t

o ad

vert

ise

thei

r pr

odu

cts

on t

elev

isio

n b

ased

on

wh

en t

he

peop

lew

ho

are

like

ly t

o bu

y w

ill

be w

atch

ing.

Th

e ta

ble

show

s th

e pe

rcen

ts o

f bo

ys a

nd

girl

s ag

es 6

to 1

4 w

ho

wat

ch t

elev

isio

n a

t di

ffer

ent

tim

es o

f da

y.(V

alu

es a

re r

oun

ded

to t

he

nea

rest

perc

ent.

)

1.M

ake

a ba

ck-t

o-ba

ck s

tem

-an

d-le

af p

lot

of t

he

data

by

reco

rdin

g th

e da

ta a

bou

t bo

ys o

nth

e le

ft s

ide

of t

he

stem

s an

d re

cord

ing

the

data

abo

ut

girl

s on

th

e ri

ght

side

of

the

stem

s.W

ho

wat

ches

tel

evis

ion

mor

e of

ten

,boy

s or

gir

ls?

8|1

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It a

pp

ears

th

at b

oys

wat

ch t

elev

isio

n m

ore

oft

en t

han

gir

ls.

2.If

you

wer

e sc

hed

uli

ng

adve

rtis

ing

for

a pr

odu

ct a

imed

at

pre-

teen

gir

ls,w

hen

wou

ldyo

u a

dver

tise

? E

xpla

in y

our

reas

onin

g.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

Mo

nd

ay–F

rid

ay,

5 P.

M.–

8 P.

M.b

ecau

se t

hat

is w

hen

th

e h

igh

est

per

cen

tag

e o

f g

irls

th

atag

e ar

e w

atch

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tel

evis

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.

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1.3,

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P1.

1



Skill

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actic

eB

ar G

rap

hs

and

His

tog

ram

s

Cha

pter

831

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–4

pygp

ZOO

SF

or E

xerc

ises

1 a

nd

2,u

se t

he

tab

le.I

t sh

ows

the

nu

mb

er o

f sp

ecie

s at

sev

eral

zoo

logi

cal

par

ks.

1.M

ake

a ba

r gr

aph

of

the

data

.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

2.W

hic

h z

oolo

gica

l pa

rk h

as t

he

mos

t sp

ecie

s?C

inci

nn

ati

ZOO

SF

or E

xerc

ises

3 a

nd

4,u

se t

he

tab

le a

t th

e ri

ght.

It s

how

s th

e n

um

ber

of

spec

ies

at 3

7 m

ajor

U.S

.pu

bli

czo

olog

ical

par

ks.

3.M

ake

a h

isto

gram

of

the

data

.Use

in

terv

als

of 1

01–2

00,2

01–3

00,3

01–4

00,4

01–5

00,

501–

600,

601–

700,

and

701–

800

for

the

hor

izon

tal

axis

.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

4.W

hic

h i

nte

rval

has

th

e la

rges

t fr

equ

ency

?30

1–40

0

HEA

LTH

For

Exe

rcis

es 5

an

d 6

,use

th

e gr

aph

at

the

righ

t.

5.W

hat

doe

s ea

ch b

ar r

epre

sen

t?T

he

nu

mb

er o

fC

alo

ries

co

nsu

med

per

day

by

on

e p

erso

n.

6.D

eter

min

e w

het

her

th

e gr

aph

is

a ba

r gr

aph

or

a h

isto

gram

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lain

how

you

kn

ow.

bar

gra

ph

;th

e d

ata

is n

ot

in in

terv

als

401–

500

301–

400

201–

300

101–

200

1015 5 0

Frequency

501–

600

601–

700

701–

800

Num

ber o

f Spe

cies

in Z

oos

Ani

mal

Spe

cies

in Z

oos

Oklaho

ma City

Cincinn

ati

Linco

ln Park

Los

Ange

les

300

400

200 0

100

500

600

700

Number of Species

Bronx

Ani

mal

Spe

cies

in Z

oos

Zoo

Sp

ecie

sL

os A

nge

les

350

Lin

coln

Par

k29

0C

inci

nn

ati

700

Bro

nx

530

Nu

mb

er o

f S

pec

ies

200

700

290

600

681

300

643

350

794

400

360

600

134

200

800

305

384

500

330

250

530

715

303

200

475

465

340

347

300

708

184

800

375

350

450

337

221

Okl

ahom

a C

ity

600

Bly

Dre

wC

lara

1,50

01,

750

1,25

0 01,

000

2,00

02,

250

2,50

02,

750

3,00

0

Calories Consumed

Akira

Calo

ries

in O

ne D

ay

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-4

6SD

AP

2.3

Exer

cise

s

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Stud

y Gu

ide

and

Inte

rven

tion

Bar

Gra

ph

s an

d H

isto

gra

ms

Cha

pter

830

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-4

SIB

LIN

GS

Mak

e a

bar

gra

ph

to

dis

pla

y th

e d

ata

in t

he

tab

le b

elow

.

Step

1D

raw

a h

oriz

onta

l an

d a

vert

ical

axi

s.L

abel

th

e ax

es a

s sh

own

.Add

a t

itle

.

Step

2D

raw

a b

ar t

o re

pres

ent

each

stu

den

t.In

th

is c

ase,

a ba

r is

use

d to

rep

rese

nt

the

nu

mbe

r of

sib

lin

gs f

or e

ach

stu

den

t.

SIB

LIN

GS

Th

e n

um

ber

of

sib

lin

gs o

f 17

stu

den

ts h

ave

bee

nor

gan

ized

in

to a

tab

le.M

ake

a h

isto

gram

of

the

dat

a.

Step

1D

raw

an

d la

bel

hor

izon

tal

and

vert

ical

axe

s.A

dd a

tit

le.

Step

2D

raw

a b

ar t

o re

pres

ent

the

freq

uen

cy o

f ea

ch i

nte

rval

.

1.M

ake

a ba

r gr

aph

for

th

e da

ta i

n

2.M

ake

a h

isto

gram

for

th

e da

ta i

nth

e ta

ble.

the

tabl

e.

See

stu

den

ts’w

ork

.S

ee s

tud

ents

’wo

rk.

6–7

4–5

2–3

0–1

810 46 02

Frequency

Num

ber o

f Sib

lings

Sibl

ings

Mar

garit

aIs

tuSu

e

34 2 01567

Number of SiblingsSt

uden

tAk

ira

Sibl

ings

A b

ar g

rap

his

one

met

hod

of c

ompa

ring

data

by

usin

g so

lid b

ars

to r

epre

sent

qua

ntiti

es.A

h

isto

gra

mis

a s

peci

al k

ind

of b

ar g

raph

.It

uses

bar

s to

rep

rese

nt t

he f

requ

ency

of

num

eric

al

data

tha

t ha

ve b

een

orga

nize

d in

to in

terv

als.

Stu

den

tN

um

ber

of

Sib

lin

gsS

ue

Isfu

Mar

gari

taA

kira

1 6 3 2

Stu

den

tN

um

ber

of

Fre

e T

hro

ws

Lu

isL

aura

Opa

lG

ad

610

414

Nu

mb

er o

fF

ree

Th

row

sF

req

uen

cy

0–1

1

4–5

102–

35

6–7

4

Nu

mb

er o

fS

ibli

ngs

Fre

qu

ency

0–1

4

4–5

22–

310

6–7

1

Exam

ple

1

Exam

ple

2

6SD

AP

2.3



An

swer

s

PUPP

IES

For

Exe

rcis

es 1

an

d 2

,use

th

eEA

RTH

SC

IEN

CE

In E

xerc

ises

3–6

,use

ta

ble

bel

ow.I

t sh

ows

the

resu

lts

of a

th

e ta

ble

bel

ow.I

t sh

ows

the

hig

hes

tsu

rvey

in

wh

ich

stu

den

ts w

ere

ask

edw

ind

sp

eed

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30

U.S

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ies.

wh

at n

ame

they

wou

ld m

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lik

e to

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up

py.

Wor

d Pr

oble

m P

ract

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Bar

Gra

ph

s an

d H

isto

gra

ms

Cha

pter

833

Gle

ncoe

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iforn

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athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–4

pygp

Hig

hes

t W

ind

Sp

eed

s (m

ph

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7560

8055

5491

6081

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7346

7653

4673

4651

4957

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ame

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adow

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olly

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ust

er02

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ake

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r gr

aph

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lay

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.S

amp

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er:

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Tige

rM

ax

68 4 0210121416 Votes

Nam

e

Shad

owM

olly

Bus

ter

Favo

rite

New

Pup

py N

ames

2.U

se y

our

bar

grap

h f

rom

Exe

rcis

e 1.

Com

pare

th

e n

um

ber

of v

otes

th

e n

ame

Sh

adow

rec

eive

d to

th

e n

um

ber

of v

otes

the

nam

e T

iger

rec

eive

d.S

had

ow

rece

ived

tw

ice

as m

any

vote

s as

Tig

er.

3.M

ake

a h

isto

gram

of

the

data

.

70–7

9

60–6

9

50–5

9

40–4

9

8101214 46 0216

Frequency

80–8

990

–99

Mile

s Pe

r Hou

r

Hig

hest

Win

d Sp

eeds

4.W

hat

is

the

top

win

d sp

eed

of m

ost

ofth

e ci

ties

?50

–59

mp

h

5.H

ow m

any

citi

es r

ecor

ded

win

d sp

eeds

of 8

0 m

iles

per

hou

r or

mor

e?3

6.H

ow m

any

citi

es r

ecor

ded

thei

r h

igh

est

win

d sp

eeds

at

60 m

iles

per

hou

r or

mor

e?10

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-4

6SD

AP

2.3

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Prac

tice

Bar

Gra

ph

s an

d H

isto

gra

ms

Cha

pter

832

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athe

mat

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Gra

de 6


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Sel

ect

the

app

rop

riat

e gr

aph

to

dis

pla

y ea

ch s

et o

f d

ata:

bar

gra

ph

or

his

togr

am.T

hen

dis

pla

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e d

ata

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he

app

rop

riat

e gr

aph

.

1.2.

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ce:b

aseb

all-a

lman

ac.co

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his

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gra

ph

PET

OW

NER

SHIP

For

Exe

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seth

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ar g

rap

h t

hat

sh

ows

the

per

cen

t of

hou

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old

s th

at o

wn

ed f

ish

or

bir

ds

for

the

year

s 19

98,2

000,

2002

,an

d 2

004.

3.W

hic

h t

ype

of p

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ncr

ease

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per

cen

tow

ner

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fro

m 1

998

to 2

004?

fish

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very

100

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man

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bird

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th

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998?

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s

5.D

uri

ng

wh

ich

yea

rs d

id t

he

perc

ent

own

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ip n

ot c

han

ge f

or e

ith

er t

ype

of p

et?

2002

and

200

4

0246810121416 Percent of Households

Year

1998

2000

2002

2004

Sour

ce:i

nfop

leas

e.co

m

Fish

Bird

Hou

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et O

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1015 5 020 Home Runs2530

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5Ro

und

1 H

ome

Runs

6–8

3–5

0–2

812 4 020 10141618 6 2

Children

15–1

7

Age

12–1

49–

11

Age

of C

hild

ren

Taki

ng S

wim

min

g Le

sson

s

Age

s of

Ch

ild

ren

Tak

ing

Sw

imm

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Les

son

sA

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dre

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3–5

126–

818

9–11

1712

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1215

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13

Hom

e R

un

Der

by

2005

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oun

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by A

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arlo

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Cha

pter

835

Gle

ncoe

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iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–5

pygp

1.TE

MPE

RA

TUR

ET

he

char

t to

th

e ri

ght

show

s th

e av

erag

e D

ecem

ber

tem

pera

ture

s in

Fah

ren

hei

t ov

er

fou

r ye

ars.

Pre

dict

th

e av

erag

e te

mpe

ratu

re f

or t

he

nex

t ye

ar.

14°

2.PO

PULA

TIO

NE

very

fiv

e ye

ars

the

popu

lati

on o

f yo

ur

nei

ghbo

rhoo

d is

rec

orde

d.W

hat

do

you

pre

dict

th

e po

pula

tion

wil

l be

in

201

0?2,

550

peo

ple

POPU

LATI

ON

Th

e ta

ble

belo

w

show

s th

e en

roll

men

t of

Mil

l H

igh

Sch

ool

stu

den

ts o

ver

five

yea

rs.E

stim

ate

the

enro

llm

ent

for

the

2005

–200

6 sc

hoo

l ye

ar.

Mil

l H

igh

Sch

ool

En

roll

men

t00

–01

01–0

202

–03

03–0

404

–05

115

134

168

160

185

Dec

emb

er T

emp

erat

ure

s (F

°)

2002

2003

2004

2005

22°

17°

18°

16°

Nei

ghb

orh

ood

Pop

ula

tion

1995

2000

2005

2,07

22,

250

2,37

6

Whe

n so

lvin

g pr

oble

ms,

a g

rap

hca

n sh

ow a

vis

ual r

epre

sent

atio

n of

the

situ

atio

n an

d he

lp y

ou m

ake

conc

lusi

ons

abou

t th

e pa

rtic

ular

set

of

data

.

Exer

cise

s

Exam

ple

Exp

lore

You

kn

ow t

he

enro

llm

ent

of s

tude

nts

for

fiv

e ye

ars.

You

nee

d to

est

imat

e th

een

roll

men

t fo

r th

e 20

05–2

006

sch

ool

year

.P

lan

Org

aniz

e th

e da

ta i

n a

gra

ph s

o th

at y

ou c

an s

ee a

tre

nd

in t

he

enro

llm

ent

leve

ls.

Sol

ve

Th

e gr

aph

sh

ows

that

th

e en

roll

men

t in

crea

ses

over

th

e ye

ars.

By

usi

ng

the

grap

h y

ou c

an c

oncl

ude

th

at M

ill

Hig

h S

choo

l h

ad a

bou

t 22

5 st

ude

nts

en

roll

edfo

r th

e 20

05–2

006

sch

ool

year

.

Ch

eck

Dra

w a

lin

e th

rou

gh a

s cl

ose

to a

s m

any

poin

ts a

s po

ssib

le.T

he

esti

mat

e is

clos

e to

th

e li

ne

so t

he

answ

er i

s re

ason

able

.

2000

–20

0120

01–

2002

2002

–20

0320

03–

2004

2004

–20

0520

05–

2006

125

100

Students

Scho

ol Y

ear

0

200

225

175

150

Enro

llmen

t Lev

els

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-5

6MR

2.3,

6S

DA

P2.

3St

udy

Guid

e an

d In

terv

entio

nP

rob

lem

-So

lvin

g In

vest

igat

ion

:U

se a

Gra

ph

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Enri

chm

ent

Cha

pter

834

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-4

Bar

Gra

ph

s an

d H

isto

gra

ms

You

can

use

a b

ar g

raph

to

com

pare

dif

fere

nt

data

set

s.B

ar g

raph

s ca

n b

e u

sed

to s

how

cate

gori

cal

data

.Sol

id b

ars

are

use

d to

sh

ow t

he

valu

es i

n c

erta

in c

ateg

orie

s.Yo

u c

an u

se a

his

togr

am,w

hic

h i

s a

spec

ial

kin

d of

bar

gra

ph,t

o re

pres

ent

nu

mer

ical

dat

a.It

sh

ows

how

man

y da

ta p

oin

ts a

re w

ith

in c

erta

in n

um

eric

al i

nte

rval

s.1.

Th

ese

two

bar

grap

hs

show

th

e sa

me

data

fro

m t

he

Sm

ith

fam

ily’

s 5-

day

road

tri

p.D

escr

ibe

wh

at e

ach

gra

ph i

s sh

owin

g an

d gi

ve e

ach

gra

ph a

tit

le.W

hic

h g

raph

is

ah

isto

gram

?

Th

e fi

rst

gra

ph

sh

ow

s th

e n

um

ber

of

mile

s th

e fa

mily

tra

vele

d e

ach

day

.T

he

seco

nd

gra

ph

sh

ow

s h

ow

man

y d

ays

they

dro

ve d

iffe

ren

t am

ou

nts

of

mile

s.C

hec

k th

at s

tud

ents

’tit

les

fit

the

gra

ph

s.T

he

seco

nd

gra

ph

is a

his

tog

ram

.

2.T

he

foll

owin

g tw

o gr

aph

s sh

ow t

he

amou

nt

of t

ime

that

th

e fa

mil

y sp

ent

driv

ing

duri

ng

the

sam

e ro

ad t

rip.

Use

th

e ba

r gr

aph

on

th

e le

ft t

o cr

eate

a h

isto

gram

on

th

e ri

ght.

Pro

vide

a t

itle

for

eac

h g

raph

.C

hec

k h

isto

gra

m.C

hec

k th

at s

tud

ents

’tit

les

fit

the

gra

ph

s.

3.U

se t

he

grap

hs

to d

eter

min

e th

e av

erag

e sp

eed

the

Sm

ith

fam

ily

drov

e on

Wed

nes

day.

45 m

ph

3 2 01

Number of Days

Min

utes

Driv

en

0–20

21–4

0

61–8

0

41–6

0

81–1

00

6080 40 020100

Minutes Driven

Day

of th

e W

eek

Monda

yTu

esda

y

Thur

sday

Wedne

sday

Frida

y

3 2 01

Number of Days

Mile

s Dr

iven

per

Day

0–20

21–4

0

61–8

0

41–6

0

81–1

00

6080 40 020100

Miles

Day

of th

e W

eek

Monda

yTu

esda

y

Thur

sday

Wedne

sday

Frida

y

6SD

AP

2.3



An

swer

s

Mix

ed P

rob

lem

Sol

vin

g

Sele

ct t

he

Op

erat

ion

PITC

HIN

GF

or E

xerc

ises

1 a

nd

2,u

se t

he

grap

h t

hat

sh

ows

the

amou

nt

ofp

itch

ing

pra

ctic

e ti

me

for

Ad

am a

nd

Jor

dan

du

rin

g a

par

ticu

lar

wee

k.

1.W

ho

prac

tice

d m

ore

duri

ng

the

wee

kan

d by

how

mu

ch t

ime?

Jord

anp

ract

iced

0.5

ho

ur

mo

re t

han

Ad

am.

2.W

hat

was

Ada

m’s

ave

rage

pra

ctic

e ti

me

per

day

for

the

five

day

s?1.

1 h

ou

rs

Use

an

y st

rate

gy t

o so

lve

Exe

rcis

es 3

and

4.S

ome

stra

tegi

es a

re s

how

n b

elow

.

3.LA

WN

TO

OLS

Th

e ba

r gr

aph

sh

ows

the

nu

mbe

r of

sh

ovel

s an

d ra

kes

sold

du

rin

gpa

rtic

ula

r m

onth

s at

a h

ardw

are

stor

e.D

uri

ng

wh

ich

mon

th w

as t

he

nu

mbe

r of

rake

s so

ld a

bou

t tw

ice

the

nu

mbe

r of

shov

els

sold

?A

ug

ust

4.N

UM

BER

TH

EORY

42 i

s su

btra

cted

fro

m42

% o

f a

nu

mbe

r.T

he

resu

lt i

s 42

.Wh

atis

th

e n

um

ber?

Th

e n

um

ber

is 2

00.

For

Exe

rcis

es 5

an

d 6

,sel

ect

the

app

rop

riat

e op

erat

ion

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to s

olve

th

ep

rob

lem

.Ju

stif

y yo

ur

solu

tion

(s)

and

solv

e th

e p

rob

lem

.

5.M

ON

EYT

he

valu

e of

th

e n

um

ber

ofdi

mes

is

equ

al t

o th

e va

lue

of t

he

nu

mbe

r of

qu

arte

rs.I

f th

e to

tal

valu

e of

the

quar

ters

an

d di

mes

is

$6.0

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nd

the

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l n

um

ber

of c

oin

s.D

ivis

ion

an

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0;30

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300

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IING

Mrs

.Rog

et i

s ta

kin

g h

er f

amil

yof

2 a

dult

s an

d 4

chil

dren

ski

ing

for

the

day.

Th

ey n

eed

to r

ent

ski

equ

ipm

ent.

Wh

at w

ill

it c

ost

to s

ki f

or t

he

day

incl

udi

ng

equ

ipm

ent

ren

tal

and

lift

tick

ets?

Ad

dit

ion

an

d m

ult

iplic

atio

n;

10�

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6.25

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0510152025303540 Number Sold

Mon

th

Shov

el a

nd R

ake

Sale

s

April

June

Augu

stO

ctob

er

Shov

els

Rake

s

00.

51.

0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Time (Hours)

Mon

.Tu

es.

Wed

.Th

ur.

Fri.

Pitc

hing

Pra

ctic

e

Jord

an

Adam

Day

of th

e W

eek

Prac

tice

Pro

ble

m-S

olv

ing

Inve

stig

atio

n:

Use

a G

rap

h

Cha

pter

837

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–5

pygp

PR

OB

LE

M-S

OLV

ING

ST

RA

TE

GIE

S

•U

se t

he fo

ur-s

tep

plan

.

•G

uess

and

che

ck.

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ok fo

r a

patte

rn.

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ake

a gr

aph.

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ly S

ki

Cos

tsIt

emA

du

lts

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ild

ren

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t T

ick

et$1

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kis

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ts$6

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5P

oles

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NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-5

6MR

2.3,

6S

DA

P2.

3

Use

a g

rap

h t

o so

lve

the

pro

ble

m.F

or

Exe

rcis

es 1

–3,r

efer

to

the

grap

h.

1.E

stim

ate

the

tem

pera

ture

at

wh

ich

th

e ra

te o

fch

irpi

ng

is 1

30 p

er m

inu

te.

72 d

egre

es

2.P

redi

ct t

he

nu

mbe

r of

cri

cket

ch

irps

per

min

ute

at

86 d

egre

es.

180

chir

ps/

min

ute

3.P

redi

ct t

he

nu

mbe

r of

ch

irps

per

min

ute

at

90 d

egre

es.

192

chir

ps/

min

ute

For

Exe

rcis

es 4

–6,r

efer

to

the

grap

h.

4.H

ow m

any

stu

den

ts c

onsi

der

Fri

day

thei

r fa

vori

te d

ay o

f th

e w

eek?

6

5.H

ow m

any

stu

den

ts p

refe

r th

e w

eeke

nd

days

?24

6.H

ow m

any

stu

den

ts a

re i

n K

enn

y’s

clas

s?36

Sun.

Sat.

Fri.

Mon

.

Tue.

Wed

.

Thu.

Num

ber o

f Stu

dent

sin

Ken

ny’s

Clas

s

Favo

rite

Day

of t

he W

eek

02

46

812

2018

1614

10

7074

7882

8690

120

110

Number of Chirps per Minute

Tem

pera

ture

(°F)

0

150

160

170

180

190

140

130

Rate

of C

rick

ets

Chir

ping

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Cha

pter

836

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-5

6MR

2.3,

6S

DA

P2.

3Sk

ills

Prac

tice

Pro

ble

m-S

olv

ing

Inve

stig

atio

n:

Use

A G

rap

h



Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Com

ple

te t

he

Min

i-L

ab a

t th

e to

p o

f p

age

426

in y

our

text

boo

k.

Wri

teyo

ur

answ

ers

bel

ow.

1.B

y h

ow m

uch

did

th

e w

ater

’s h

eigh

t ch

ange

aft

er e

ach

add

itio

n o

fm

arbl

es?

See

stu

den

ts’w

ork

.

2.P

redi

ct t

he

hei

ght

of t

he

wat

er w

hen

30

mar

bles

are

in

th

e dr

inki

ng

glas

s.E

xpla

in h

ow y

ou m

ade

you

r pr

edic

tion

.S

ee s

tud

ents

’wo

rk.

3.T

est

you

r pr

edic

tion

by

plac

ing

10 m

ore

mar

bles

in

th

e gl

ass.

See

stu

den

ts’w

ork

.

4.D

raw

a g

raph

of

the

data

th

at y

ou r

ecor

ded

in t

he

tabl

e.S

ee s

tud

ents

’wo

rk.

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

5.In

Exa

mpl

e 1,

wh

at d

o th

e do

tted

lin

es h

elp

in f

indi

ng?

Th

e lin

esh

elp

to

mat

ch u

p t

he

nu

mb

er y

ou

are

loo

kin

g f

or

and

its

solu

tio

n.

6.W

hat

are

th

e be

nef

its

of a

sca

tter

plo

t?T

hey

sh

ow

tre

nd

s in

dat

a,w

hic

h h

elp

in p

red

icti

ng

ou

tco

mes

.

7.H

ow w

ould

you

kn

ow i

f tw

o se

ts o

f da

ta a

re r

elat

ed w

hen

loo

kin

g at

th

eir

scat

ter

plot

?T

he

two

set

s o

f d

ata

wo

uld

co

me

clo

se t

ofo

rmin

g a

str

aig

ht

line.

Rem

emb

er W

hat

Yo

u L

earn

ed8.

Dis

cuss

lin

e gr

aph

an

d sc

atte

r pl

ots

in t

erm

s of

th

eir

ben

efit

s fo

r m

akin

gpr

edic

tion

s.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

Lin

e p

lots

sh

ow

tre

nd

s ov

er t

ime

so t

hey

hel

p p

red

ict

even

ts in

th

e fu

ture

.S

catt

er p

lots

sh

ow

tren

ds

in t

he

dat

a an

d h

elp

pre

dic

t th

e n

ext

po

int

in a

set

of

dat

a.

Less

on R

eadi

ng G

uide

Usi

ng

Gra

ph

s to

Pre

dic

t

Cha

pter

839

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–6

pygp

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-6

6MR

2.3,

6S

DA

P2.

56M

R2.

3, 6

SD

AP

2.3

Sol

ve.U

se a

ny

stra

tegy

.

For

exe

rcis

es 1

–3,u

se t

he

grap

h b

elow

.M

aria

’s c

lass

is

sell

ing

pizz

as a

s a

fun

drai

ser

for

thei

r u

pcom

ing

fiel

dtri

p to

th

e zo

o.

1.W

hic

h s

tude

nt

sold

th

e m

ost

pizz

as?

Car

la

2.D

id t

he

girl

s se

ll m

ore

pizz

as t

han

th

ebo

ys?

No

3.H

ow m

any

pizz

as t

otal

did

th

e cl

ass

sell

?37

4.EX

ERC

ISE

Rob

ert

wan

ts t

o be

gin

a n

ewex

erci

se p

rogr

am.

His

goa

l is

to

begi

nby

exe

rcis

ing

for

20 m

inu

tes.

He

goes

to

the

gym

tw

o ti

mes

a w

eek,

incr

easi

ng

his

wor

kou

t by

fiv

e m

inu

tes

each

tim

e.H

ow l

ong

wil

l it

tak

e h

im t

o w

ork

up

toan

hou

r?4

wee

ks

For

Exe

rcis

es 5

an

d 6

use

th

e fo

llow

ing

info

rmat

ion

.M

ON

EYB

rian

na

mad

e a

$13.

82 p

urc

has

e at

the

groc

ery

stor

e.S

he

rece

ived

tw

o bi

lls

and

five

coi

ns

in c

han

ge.

5.W

hat

den

omin

atio

n o

f bi

ll d

id s

he

pay

wit

h?

$20

6.W

hat

bil

ls a

nd

coin

s di

d sh

e re

ceiv

e as

chan

ge?

Bill

s:o

ne,

five

;C

oin

s:d

ime,

nic

kel,

thre

e p

enn

ies

7.N

UM

BER

TH

EORY

A n

um

ber

is m

ult

ipli

edby

32

then

div

ided

by

14.T

he

squ

are

root

of

the

resu

lt i

s 4.

Wh

at i

s th

en

um

ber?

7

8.PI

ZZA

Joel

le h

as h

er c

hoi

ce o

f fi

ve p

izza

topp

ings

:on

ion

s,sa

usa

ge,m

ush

room

s,pe

pper

oni,

and

gree

n p

eppe

r.In

ord

er t

oge

t a

spec

ial

pric

e,sh

e ca

n o

nly

ch

oose

two

topp

ings

.H

ow m

any

com

bin

atio

ns

of t

oppi

ngs

cou

ld s

he

choo

se?

10

Mar

ieJa

keC

indy

Car

laJe

nna

Kari

Joe

Num

ber o

f Piz

zas

Sold

Students

Pizz

a Fu

ndra

iser

01

23

45

67

89

10

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Wor

d Pr

oble

m P

ract

ice

Pro

ble

m-S

olv

ing

Inve

stig

atio

n:

Use

a G

rap

h

Cha

pter

838

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-5



An

swer

s

Det

erm

ine

wh

eth

er e

ach

dat

a se

t sh

ows

a p

osit

ive,

a n

ega

tive

,or

no

rela

tion

ship

.T

hen

des

crib

e th

e re

lati

onsh

ip b

etw

een

th

e d

ata

sets

.

1.2.

Po

siti

ve;

As

Car

oly

n’s

ag

e n

o r

elat

ion

ship

incr

ease

s,so

do

es h

er in

com

e.

3.4.

Po

siti

ve;

As

Sam

’s s

pee

d

Po

siti

ve;

As

tem

per

atu

re

incr

ease

s,so

do

es h

is

incr

ease

s,cr

icke

ts c

hir

p m

ore

.g

as m

ileag

e.

5.6.

no

rel

atio

nsh

ipN

egat

ive;

As

Rya

n’s

ag

e in

crea

ses,

his

phy

sica

l act

ivit

y d

ecre

ases

.

Rya

n’s

Phy

sica

l Act

ivit

yy

xOPhysical Activity

Ag

e

Jose

ph’

s P

ets

y

xONumber of Pets

Ag

e

Cri

cket

s C

hirp

ing

y

xO

Number of Chirpsper minute

Tem

per

atu

re

Gas

Mile

age

in S

am’s

Car

y

xOGas Mileage

Spee

d

Stu

dyi

ng f

or

Mat

h Te

sty

xOTime (min.)

Nu

mb

ero

f St

ud

ents

Car

oly

n's

Inco

me

y

xOIncome ($)

Ag

e

Skill

s Pr

actic

eU

sin

g G

rap

hs

to P

red

ict

Cha

pter

841

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–6

pygp

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-6

6MR

2.3,

6S

DA

P2.

5

Exer

cise

s

Use

th

e li

ne

grap

h o

f th

e M

oral

ez f

amil

y ca

r tr

ip s

how

n b

elow

to

answ

er t

he

foll

owin

g q

ues

tion

s.

1.A

fter

250

mil

es,h

ow m

uch

gas

did

th

eM

oral

ez f

amil

y h

ave

left

?

Th

ey w

ill

hav

e ab

out

5.5

g le

ft.

2.H

ow f

ar c

an t

he

Mor

alez

fam

ily

trav

el

befo

re t

hey

ru

n o

ut

of g

as?

Th

ey c

an t

rave

l ab

out

430

mil

es.

Use

th

e sc

atte

r p

lot

to a

nsw

er t

he

qu

esti

ons.

1.H

ow m

any

bird

s w

ere

ther

e in

200

4?A

bo

ut

50 b

ird

s

2.W

hat

rel

atio

nsh

ip d

o yo

u s

ee b

etw

een

th

e n

um

ber

of b

irds

an

d ye

ar?

Ove

r th

e ye

ars

the

bir

ds

incr

ease

.

3.P

redi

ct t

he

nu

mbe

r of

bir

ds t

her

e w

ere

in t

he

year

20

01?

Ab

ou

t 27

bir

ds

4.P

redi

ct t

he

nu

mbe

r of

bir

ds t

her

e w

ill

be i

n i

n t

he

year

200

6?75

bir

ds

5.In

wh

at y

ear

do y

ou t

hin

k th

e bi

rd p

opu

lati

on w

ill

reac

h 1

00?

2009

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

45 30 15607590105 0

Number of Birds

Year

Bird

s O

bser

ved

in L

ake

Park

010

020

030

040

0

4 2

Gas (g)

Dist

ance

(mi)

0101216 14 8 6

Gas

Usag

e

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Stud

y Gu

ide

and

Inte

rven

tion

Usi

ng

Gra

ph

s to

Pre

dic

t

Cha

pter

840

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-6

A li

ne

gra

ph

show

s tr

ends

ove

r tim

e an

d ca

n be

use

ful f

or p

redi

ctin

g fu

ture

eve

nts.

A s

catt

er p

lot

disp

lays

tw

o se

ts o

f da

ta o

n a

grap

h an

d ca

n be

use

ful f

or p

redi

ctio

ns b

y sh

owin

g tr

ends

in t

he d

ata.

Exam

ple

Dra

w a

dot

ted

lin

e u

p fr

om25

0 m

un

til

it r

each

es t

he

grap

h a

nd

then

fin

d th

eco

rres

pon

din

g ga

s m

easu

re.

Wh

en t

hey

ru

n o

ut

of g

as,

the

tan

k w

ill

be a

t 0

so f

ind

wh

ere

the

lin

e re

ach

es 0

.

6MR

2.3,

6S

DA

P2.

5



For

Exe

rcis

es 1

–3,u

se t

he

tab

le t

hat

show

s th

e re

lati

onsh

ip b

etw

een

th

em

onth

of

the

year

an

d t

he

nu

mb

er o

fT

amik

a’s

clas

smat

es t

hat

hav

e th

eir

dri

vin

g p

erm

it.

1.M

ake

a sc

atte

r pl

ot o

f th

e da

ta.P

ut

the

mon

ths

on t

he

hor

izon

tal

axis

an

d th

en

um

ber

of s

tude

nts

on

th

e ve

rtic

al a

xis.

2.D

escr

ibe

the

type

of

rela

tion

ship

th

ere

is b

etw

een

th

e tw

o ty

pes

of d

ata.

po

siti

ve

3.W

hy

do y

ou t

hin

k th

is r

elat

ion

ship

exis

ts?

Bec

ause

as

the

year

con

tin

ues

on

,mo

re s

tud

ents

are

old

en

ou

gh

to

ob

tain

th

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Time (in minutes)

Mile

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PRO

PER

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or E

xerc

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3–5

,use

th

e ta

ble

th

at s

how

s th

e p

rop

erty

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ue

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acr

e fo

r fi

ve y

ears

.

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ake

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r pl

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f th

e da

ta.U

se t

he

tim

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th

e h

oriz

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l ax

is a

nd

the

prop

erty

val

ue

on t

he

vert

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axi

s.

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escr

ibe

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rela

tion

ship

,if

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een

th

e tw

o se

ts o

f da

ta.

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e p

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erty

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ue

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acr

e in

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sed

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ou

t 2,

500

per

yea

rd

uri

ng

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e 5

year

s.

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redi

ct t

he

prop

erty

val

ue

per

acre

in

200

6.$2

6,50

0

$14,

000

$16,

000

$18,

000

$20,

000

$22,

000

$24,

000

$26,

000

Property Value

Tim

e

0

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Sun

Mon

Tues

Wed

12.0

11.0

Level (feet)

Day

0

15.0

16.0

14.0

13.0

18.0

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An

swer

s

Cha

pter

845

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–7

pygp pygp

Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Rea

d t

he

intr

odu

ctio

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t th

e to

p o

f p

age

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in y

our

text

boo

k.W

rite

you

r an

swer

s b

elow

.

1.C

an y

ou t

ell

how

man

y w

ere

surv

eyed

? E

xpla

in.

No

;th

e g

rap

hic

on

ly g

ives

per

cen

ts o

f th

e g

rou

p.

2.D

escr

ibe

how

you

cou

ld u

se t

he

grap

h t

o pr

edic

t h

ow m

any

stu

den

ts i

nyo

ur

sch

ool

hav

e n

o te

levi

sion

in

th

eir

bedr

oom

.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

Ass

um

e th

e st

ud

ents

in y

ou

r sc

ho

ol a

re s

imila

r to

th

ose

rep

rese

nte

d in

th

e g

rap

h.T

hen

fin

d 4

6% o

f th

e n

um

ber

of

stu

den

ts in

yo

ur

sch

oo

l.

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

3.L

ook

up

the

wor

d ra

nd

omin

a d

icti

onar

y.W

rite

th

e m

ean

ing

of t

he

wor

das

it

is u

sed

in t

his

les

son

.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

of

or

des

ign

atin

g a

sam

ple

dra

wn

fro

m a

po

pu

lati

on

so

th

at e

ach

mem

ber

of

the

po

pu

lati

on

has

an

eq

ual

ch

ance

to

be

dra

wn

4.In

ord

er t

o m

ake

pred

icti

ons

abou

t a

grou

p of

peo

ple,

wh

at d

o yo

u n

eed

to

know

,acc

ordi

ng

to t

his

les

son

?S

amp

le a

nsw

er:Y

ou

nee

d t

o k

no

wth

e re

sult

s o

f a

surv

ey o

f th

e p

op

ula

tio

n a

nd

th

e p

erce

nt

of

peo

ple

wit

h t

he

des

ired

ch

arac

teri

stic

yo

u w

ant

to p

red

ict.

5.W

hat

are

tw

o m

eth

ods

for

calc

ula

tin

g a

pred

icti

on a

bou

t a

popu

lati

on?

Use

th

e p

erce

nt

pro

po

rtio

n o

r th

e p

erce

nt

equ

atio

n.

Hel

pin

g Y

ou

Rem

emb

er6.

Tak

e a

surv

ey o

f yo

ur

clas

s,su

ch a

s h

ow m

any

peop

le a

re w

eari

ng

blu

eto

day.

Be

sure

to

gath

er r

esu

lts

from

you

r w

hol

e cl

ass.

Bas

ed o

n y

our

resu

lts,

mak

e a

pred

icti

on a

bou

t al

l of

th

e st

ude

nts

in

you

r gr

ade

leve

l at

you

r sc

hoo

l.F

ind

out

the

tota

l n

um

ber

of s

tude

nts

in

you

r gr

ade

from

you

r te

ach

er o

r sc

hoo

l of

fice

.S

ee s

tud

ents

’wo

rk.

Less

on R

eadi

ng G

uide

Usi

ng

Dat

a to

Pre

dic

t

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

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DAT

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____

____

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__

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8-7

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DAT

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Cha

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844

Gle

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Cal

iforn

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athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-6

Per

iod

ic R

elat

ion

ship

sYo

u h

ave

stu

died

sca

tter

plo

ts t

hat

dem

onst

rate

po

siti

ve,n

egat

ive,

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lati

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per

iod

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rela

tion

ship

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not

her

way

th

at t

wo

vari

able

s ca

n b

e re

late

d.P

erio

dic

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tion

ship

s co

nta

in

patt

ern

s th

at r

epea

t ov

er t

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For

exa

mpl

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erag

e m

onth

ly t

empe

ratu

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on

a y

earl

y ba

sis.

Th

e ta

ble

at t

he

righ

t sh

ows

the

aver

age

dail

y h

igh

tem

pera

ture

for

eac

h m

onth

in

L

os A

nge

les

and

Bos

ton

.

1.D

raw

a s

catt

er p

lot

of t

he

data

for

eac

h c

ity

on

the

axes

bel

ow.U

se a

dif

fere

nt

sym

bol

for

each

ci

ty (

for

exam

ple,

an x

for

Los

An

gele

s te

mpe

ratu

res

and

an •

for

Bos

ton

tem

pera

ture

s).

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escr

ibe

the

tren

d in

th

e da

tafo

r th

e m

onth

ly a

vera

gete

mpe

ratu

re i

n B

osto

n.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

e te

mp

erat

ure

in B

ost

on

st

arts

ou

t lo

w in

Jan

uar

y,in

crea

ses

un

til J

uly

an

d

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gu

st,t

hen

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reas

es

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.

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raw

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urv

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on t

he

grap

h t

hat

dem

onst

rate

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e tr

end

in t

he

data

.

4.W

hat

wil

l h

appe

n b

etw

een

mon

th 1

2 an

d m

onth

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Des

crib

e w

hat

you

th

ink

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lh

appe

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ach

cit

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aw c

urv

ed l

ines

on

th

e gr

aph

abo

ve t

o de

mon

stra

te t

he

tren

ds.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

e te

mp

erat

ure

sh

ou

ld f

ollo

w t

he

sam

e p

atte

rno

f in

crea

sin

g t

hro

ug

h t

he

spri

ng

an

d t

hen

dec

reas

ing

th

rou

gh

th

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n.

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Gle

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de 6

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CEL

L PH

ON

ESF

or E

xerc

ises

1–

3,u

se t

he

tab

le a

t th

e ri

ght.

It s

how

s th

e re

sult

s of

a

surv

ey i

n w

hic

h s

tud

ents

12

to

17 y

ears

old

wer

e as

ked

how

oft

en t

hey

use

a

cell

ph

one.

1.O

ut

of 2

15 s

tude

nts

12

to 1

7 ye

ars

old,

how

man

y w

ould

you

pre

dict

use

ace

ll p

hon

e on

ce o

r tw

ice

a w

eek?

abo

ut

34 s

tud

ents

2.P

redi

ct h

ow m

any

stu

den

ts 1

2 to

17

year

s ol

d in

a g

rou

p of

375

hav

en

ever

use

d a

cell

ph

one.

abo

ut

64 s

tud

ents

3.H

ow m

any

stu

den

ts 1

2 to

17

year

s ol

d ou

t of

1,2

00 w

ould

you

exp

ect

use

a ce

ll p

hon

eat

lea

st o

nce

or

twic

e a

wee

k?57

6 st

ud

ents

PIZZ

AF

or E

xerc

ises

4–6

,use

th

e ta

ble

at

th

e ri

ght.

It s

how

s th

e re

sult

s of

a

surv

ey i

n w

hic

h a

ran

dom

sam

ple

of

sev

enth

gra

der

s at

Kie

wit

Mid

dle

S

choo

l w

ere

ask

ed t

o n

ame

thei

r fa

vori

te p

izza

top

pin

g.

4.T

her

e ar

e 32

stu

den

ts i

n M

rs.C

hen

’s s

even

th g

rade

cla

ss.P

redi

ct h

owm

any

wou

ld c

hoo

se o

live

s as

th

eir

favo

rite

top

pin

g.ab

ou

t 3

stu

den

ts

5.T

her

e ar

e 21

0 se

ven

th g

rade

stu

den

ts e

atin

g lu

nch

in

th

e ca

fete

ria.

How

man

y of

th

em w

ould

ch

oose

pep

pers

as

thei

r fa

vori

te t

oppi

ng?

abo

ut

59 s

tud

ents

6.P

redi

ct h

ow m

any

of t

he

524

seve

nth

gra

ders

at

Kie

wit

Mid

dle

Sch

ool

wou

ld c

hoo

se p

eppe

ron

i as

th

eir

favo

rite

piz

za t

oppi

ng.

abo

ut

241

seve

nth

gra

der

s

7.B

AC

KPA

CK

SA

su

rvey

sh

owed

th

at 7

8% o

f st

ude

nts

wh

o ta

ke a

bu

s to

sch

ool

carr

y a

back

pack

.Pre

dict

how

man

y of

th

e 65

4 st

ude

nts

wh

o ta

kea

bus

also

car

ry a

bac

kpac

k.ab

ou

t 51

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ud

ents

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qu

ency

of

Use

Per

cen

t

mor

e th

an t

wic

e a

wee

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once

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twic

e a

wee

k16

%

once

or

twic

e a

mon

th23

%

less

th

an o

nce

a m

onth

12%

nev

er u

sed

one

17%

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za T

opp

ing

Per

cen

t

pepp

eron

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pepp

ers

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ns

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mu

shro

oms

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NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-7

6SD

AP

2.2,

6S

DA

P2.

5

Cha

pter

846

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


Stud

y Gu

ide

and

Inte

rven

tion

Usi

ng

Dat

a to

Pre

dic

t

Exam

ple

1

Exer

cise

s

In a

su

rvey

,200

peo

ple

fro

m a

tow

n w

ere

ask

ed i

f th

ey t

hou

ght

the

tow

n n

eed

ed m

ore

bic

ycle

pat

hs.

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e re

sult

s ar

e sh

own

in

th

e ta

ble

.Pre

dic

t h

ow m

any

of t

he

28,0

00 p

eop

le i

n t

he

tow

n t

hin

k m

ore

bic

ycle

pat

hs

are

nee

ded

.

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th

e pe

rcen

t pr

opor

tion

.

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repr

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rodu

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plify

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abou

t 10

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peo

ple

in t

he

tow

n t

hin

k m

ore

bicy

cle

path

s ar

e n

eede

d.

1.V

OTE

SIn

a s

urv

ey o

f vo

ters

in

Bin

gham

ton

,55%

of

thos

e su

rvey

ed s

aid

they

wou

ld v

ote

for

Arm

as f

or c

ity

cou

nci

l.If

24,

000

peop

le v

ote

in t

he

elec

tion

,abo

ut

how

man

y w

ill

vote

for

Arm

as?

13,2

00 p

eop

le

2.LU

NC

HA

su

rvey

sh

ows

that

43%

of

hig

h s

choo

l an

d m

iddl

e sc

hoo

lst

ude

nts

bu

y sc

hoo

l lu

nch

es.I

f a

sch

ool

dist

rict

has

2,9

00 h

igh

sch

ool

and

mid

dle

sch

ool

stu

den

ts,a

bou

t h

ow m

any

buy

sch

ool

lun

ches

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247

stu

den

ts

3.C

LASS

TR

IPS

tude

nts

of

a se

ven

th g

rade

cla

ss w

ere

surv

eyed

to

fin

d ou

th

ow m

uch

th

ey w

ould

be

wil

lin

g to

pay

to

go o

n a

cla

ss t

rip.

24%

of

the

stu

den

ts s

urv

eyed

sai

d th

ey w

ould

pay

$21

to

$30.

If t

her

e ar

e 36

0st

ude

nts

in

th

e se

ven

th g

rade

cla

ss,a

bou

t h

ow m

any

wou

ld b

e w

illi

ng

topa

y fo

r a

trip

th

at c

osts

$21

to

$30?

abo

ut

86 s

tud

ents

Dat

a ga

ther

ed b

y su

rvey

ing

a ra

ndom

sam

ple

of t

he p

opul

atio

n m

ay b

e us

ed t

o m

ake

pred

ictio

nsab

out

the

entir

e po

pula

tion.

Mor

e B

icyc

le P

ath

s N

eed

ed?

Res

pon

seP

erce

nt

yes

39%

no

42%

un

deci

ded

19%

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-7

6SD

AP

2.2,

6S

DA

P2.

5



An

swer

s

Cha

pter

849

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–7

pygp

Wor

d Pr

oble

m P

ract

ice

Usi

ng

Dat

a to

Pre

dic

t

Sh

oes

Per

cen

t

3 or

les

s10

%

420

%

521

%

622

%

719

%

mor

e th

an 7

8%

1.SH

OES

Th

e ta

ble

show

s th

e re

sult

s of

asu

rvey

in

wh

ich

sev

enth

gra

ders

wer

eas

ked

how

man

y pa

irs

of s

hoe

s th

eyow

n.P

redi

ct h

ow m

any

of t

he

632

seve

nth

gra

ders

at

Sen

eca

Wes

t M

iddl

eS

choo

l ow

n m

ore

than

7 p

airs

of

shoe

s.

abo

ut

51 s

even

th g

rad

ers

2.A

CTI

VIT

IES

Of

the

stu

den

ts l

iste

d as

mem

bers

of

a h

igh

sch

ool

acad

emic

team

,75%

wer

e in

volv

ed i

n s

port

s,sp

eech

,mu

sic

or d

ebat

e.If

111

stu

den

tsw

ere

list

ed a

s pa

rt o

f th

e te

ams,

how

man

y w

ere

invo

lved

in

spo

rts,

spee

ch,

mu

sic,

or d

ebat

e?ab

ou

t 83

stu

den

ts

3.M

OV

IEG

OER

SA

res

earc

h s

tudy

fou

nd

that

abo

ut

63%

of

peop

le 1

8 or

old

erw

ho

go t

o th

e m

ovie

s at

lea

st o

nce

am

onth

ow

n a

per

son

al c

ompu

ter.

Ou

t of

500

peop

le 1

8 an

d ol

der

wh

o go

to

the

mov

ies

once

or

mor

e a

mon

th,h

owm

any

of t

hem

wou

ld y

ou e

xpec

t to

ow

na

pers

onal

com

pute

r?31

5 p

eop

le

4.H

AIR

A s

urv

ey s

how

ed t

hat

37%

of

peop

le 1

2 to

17

year

s ol

d u

se h

air

gel.

Pre

dict

how

man

y of

th

e 30

stu

den

ts i

nM

r.A

valo

n’s

nin

th g

rade

cla

ss u

se h

air

gel.

abo

ut

11 s

tud

ents

5.G

RA

DU

ATI

ON

A s

urv

ey o

f fi

rst-

year

stu

den

ts a

t N

orth

Car

olin

a S

tate

Un

iver

sity

sh

owed

th

at a

bou

t 73

%ex

pect

to

com

plet

e th

eir

degr

ee i

n

4 ye

ars.

If t

her

e ar

e 3,

333

firs

t-ye

arst

ude

nts

,how

man

y of

th

em e

xpec

t to

com

plet

e th

eir

degr

ee i

n 4

yea

rs?

abo

ut

2,43

3 st

ud

ents

6.IN

TER

NET

A r

ecen

t su

rvey

con

duct

ed b

yth

e M

illa

rd s

choo

l di

stri

ct s

how

ed t

hat

87%

of

hou

seh

olds

of

stu

den

ts h

ave

Inte

rnet

acc

ess

at h

ome.

If t

her

e ar

e19

,000

Mil

lard

hou

seh

olds

,how

man

yh

ave

Inte

rnet

acc

ess?

16,5

30 h

ou

seh

old

s

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-7

6SD

AP

2.2,

6S

DA

P2.

5

Cha

pter

848

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


Prac

tice

Usi

ng

Dat

a to

Pre

dic

tM

atch

eac

h s

itu

atio

n w

ith

th

e ap

pro

pri

ate

equ

atio

n o

r p

rop

orti

on.

1.85

% o

f co

mm

ute

rs u

se t

he

expr

essw

ay.

Pre

dict

how

man

y co

mm

ute

rs o

ut

of

750

com

mu

ters

wil

l u

se t

he

expr

essw

ay.

a

2.75

0% o

f 85

is

wh

at n

um

ber?

c

3.85

com

mu

ters

is

wh

at p

erce

nt

of

750

com

mu

ters

?b

4.ES

KIM

OS

In t

he

year

200

0,th

e po

pula

tion

of A

lask

a w

as a

bou

t 62

7 th

ousa

nd.

Pre

dict

the

nu

mbe

r of

Esk

imos

in

Ala

ska

if t

he

Esk

imo

popu

lati

on w

as a

bou

t 7.

5% o

f th

epo

pula

tion

of A

lask

a.R

oun

d to

th

e n

eare

st t

hou

san

d.47

th

ou

san

d

5.D

OG

SA

su

rvey

sh

owed

th

at a

bou

t 40

% o

f Am

eric

an h

ouse

hol

ds o

wn

at

leas

t on

e do

g.B

ased

on

th

at s

urv

ey,h

ow m

any

hou

seh

olds

in

a c

omm

un

ity

of 8

00 h

ouse

hol

ds o

wn

at

leas

t on

e do

g?32

0 h

ou

seh

old

s

CA

R R

EPA

IRS

For

Exe

rcis

es 6

–8,u

se t

he

grap

h t

hat

sh

ows

the

per

cen

t of

all

re

pai

rs f

or 3

car

rep

air

pro

ble

ms

at

a ca

r re

pai

r sh

op.

6.S

upp

ose

a m

ech

anic

rep

airs

478

car

s.P

redi

ct h

ow m

any

repa

irs

wil

l be

m

ade

on t

ran

smis

sion

s.43

rep

airs

7.F

or e

very

100

rep

airs

,pre

dict

how

man

y m

ore

repa

irs

wil

l be

mad

e on

a b

rake

sy

stem

pro

blem

th

an o

n a

n e

lect

rica

l pr

oble

m.

7 re

pai

rs

8.P

redi

ct t

he

perc

ent

of r

epai

rs t

hat

wil

l be

on

e of

th

e th

ree

prob

lem

s in

th

e gr

aph

.44

% o

f re

pai

rs

05%10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Percent of All Repairs

Type

of R

epai

r

21%

14%

9%

Car

Repa

irs

Bra

keSy

stem

Elec

tric

alTr

ansm

issi

on

a.n

�0.

85�

750

b.

� 18 05 0��

� 1n 00�

c.7.

5�

85�

n

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-7

6SD

AP

2.2,

6S

DA

P2.

5



Cha

pter

851

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–7

pygp

Scie

ntifi

c Ca

lcul

ator

Act

ivity

Lea

vin

g a

Tip

Exer

cise

s

Exam

ple

The

per

cent

fun

ctio

n on

a c

alcu

lato

r ca

n be

use

d to

dec

ide

how

muc

h of

a t

ip t

o le

ave

ase

rver

at

a re

stau

rant

.It

can

also

be

used

to

dete

rmin

e th

e to

tal b

ill f

or a

mea

l.

The

Edw

ards

fam

ily h

ad a

mea

l at

a lo

cal r

esta

uran

t.T

he b

ill w

as $

39.9

5.T

here

was

an

8% m

eal t

ax,a

nd t

hey

leav

e a

tip

of 1

5% o

f th

e bi

ll,no

tin

clud

ing

tax.

Wha

t w

as t

he a

mou

nt o

f th

e ti

p an

d th

e to

tal b

ill?

The

tip

is 1

5% o

f th

e bi

ll f

or th

e m

eal.

39.9

5 15

[%

]5.

9925

The

y de

cide

d to

leav

e a

$6.0

0 ti

p.

The

tota

l bil

l is

foun

d by

add

ing

the

tax,

the

amou

nt o

f th

e bi

ll, a

nd th

e ti

p.

39.9

5 8

[%]

3.196

The

tax

is $

3.20

.

3.20

39

.95

6 49

.15

The

tota

l bil

l was

$49

.15.

Fin

d t

he

amou

nt

of t

he

tip

an

d t

he

tota

l b

ill

for

each

mea

l.R

oun

d y

our

answ

er

for

the

tip

to

the

nea

rest

dol

lar.

Rou

nd

you

r an

swer

for

th

e to

tal

bil

l to

th

e n

eare

st c

ent.

1.bi

ll: $

722.

bill

: $43

tip:

12%

tip:

15%

tax:

6%

tax:

8%

$9;$

85.3

2$6

;$52

.44

$9; $

85.3

2$6

; $52

.44

3.bi

ll: $

79.9

54.

bill

: $29

.95

tip:

14%

tip:

15%

tax:

8%

tax:

7%

$11;

$97.

35$4

;$36

.05

$11;

$97

.35

$4; $

36.0

55.

bill

: $99

6.bi

ll: $

129.

50ti

p: 1

5%ti

p: 1

0%ta

x: 9

%ta

x: 5

%$1

5;$1

22.9

1$1

3;$1

48.9

8$1

5; $

122.

91$1

3; $

148.

987.

bill

: $18

2.50

8.bi

ll: $

41.0

0ti

p: 1

0%ti

p: 1

5%ta

x: 6

%ta

x: 7

%$1

8;$2

11.4

5$6

;$49

.87

EN

TE

R

�+

+

EN

TE

R

�2n

d�

EN

TE

R

�2n

d�

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-7

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Enri

chm

ent

Cha

pter

850

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-7

Exer

cise

s

Can

Yo

u P

red

ict

The

Futu

re?

Man

y bu

sin

esse

s n

eed

to b

e ab

le t

o ac

cura

tely

pre

dict

th

e ch

oice

s th

eir

cust

omer

wil

l m

ake.

Th

eir

pred

icti

ons

are

ofte

n b

ased

on

su

rvey

res

ult

s of

a s

mal

l po

pula

tion

,wh

ich

th

ey a

pply

to a

lar

ger

popu

lati

on.

Su

ppos

e th

at s

choo

l ad

min

istr

ator

s w

ant

to k

now

wh

eth

er n

ew t

ech

nol

ogie

s im

prov

est

ude

nt

ach

ieve

men

t.T

hey

ask

you

to

surv

ey t

he

stu

den

ts i

n y

our

clas

s.

Bas

ed o

n y

our

resu

lts

from

th

e st

ude

nts

in

you

r cl

ass,

pred

ict

the

foll

owin

g if

th

ere

are

212

stu

den

ts i

n y

our

grad

e,an

d a

tota

l of

639

stu

den

ts i

n t

he

sch

ool.

1–5.

An

swer

s w

ill v

ary

bas

ed o

n s

urv

ey r

esu

lts.

1.H

ow m

any

stu

den

ts i

n y

our

grad

e h

ave

a.a

pers

onal

com

pute

r?b

.an

ele

ctro

nic

org

aniz

er?

c.a

cell

ula

r ph

one?

d.

inte

rnet

acc

ess?

2.W

hat

per

cen

t of

stu

den

ts i

n t

he

enti

re s

choo

l w

ill

hav

e al

l fo

ur

of t

he

tech

nol

ogie

sas

ked

abou

t in

th

e su

rvey

?

3.W

hic

h t

ech

nol

ogy

is u

sed

mos

t of

ten

to

hel

p co

mpl

ete

sch

ool

wor

k? P

redi

ct t

he

nu

mbe

rof

stu

den

ts i

n y

our

grad

e th

at u

se t

his

tec

hn

olog

y w

hen

com

plet

ing

thei

r sc

hoo

l w

ork.

4.B

ased

on

th

e re

sult

s of

you

r su

rvey

,wh

at o

ther

typ

e of

tec

hn

olog

y w

ould

mos

t st

ude

nts

use

to

com

plet

e th

eir

sch

ool

wor

k? H

ow m

any

stu

den

ts i

n y

our

sch

ool

wou

ld u

se t

his

tech

nol

ogy?

5.B

ased

on

th

e re

sult

s of

you

r su

rvey

,wh

at p

redi

ctio

ns

or r

ecom

men

dati

ons

wou

ld y

oum

ake

to y

our

sch

ool

adm

inis

trat

ors

on h

ow t

o im

prov

e st

ude

nt

ach

ieve

men

t?

SU

RV

EY

1.W

hich

of

the

follo

win

g te

chno

logi

es d

o yo

u ha

ve:p

erso

nal c

ompu

ter,

elec

tron

ic o

rgan

izer

, ce

llula

rph

one,

inte

rnet

acc

ess?

2.W

hich

, if

any,

do

you

use

to h

elp

with

you

r sc

hool

wor

k?

3.W

hat

othe

r te

chno

logi

es d

o yo

u th

ink

mig

ht b

e he

lpfu

l whe

n co

mpl

etin

g yo

ur s

choo

l wor

k?

6SD

AP

2.2,

6S

DA

P2.

5



An

swer

s

6SD

AP

2.1,

6S

DA

P2.

2,6S

DA

P2.

5St

udy

Guid

e an

d In

terv

entio

nU

sin

g S

amp

ling

to

Pre

dic

t

Cha

pter

853

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–8

pygp

Exam

ple

1

Exer

cise

s

Loo

k at

th

e fo

llow

ing

tabl

e to

det

erm

ine

the

favo

rite

spo

rt o

f m

iddl

e sc

hoo

l st

ude

nts

.

Bas

ed o

n t

he

tabl

e,it

wou

ld a

ppea

r th

at s

occe

r is

th

e fa

vori

te s

port

of

mid

dle

sch

ool

stu

den

ts.H

owev

er,s

upp

ose

the

data

col

lect

ed f

or t

his

su

rvey

was

tak

en a

t a

Wor

ld C

up

socc

er m

atch

.It

can

th

en b

e co

ncl

ude

d th

at o

ur

sam

ple

is b

iase

dbe

cau

se s

tude

nts

wh

o ar

e at

a s

occe

r m

atch

may

be

mor

eli

kely

to

choo

se s

occe

r as

th

eir

favo

rite

spo

rt.

To

rece

ive

an u

nb

iase

dsa

mpl

e of

mid

dle

sch

ool

stu

den

ts,t

he

spor

ts

surv

ey c

ould

be

com

plet

ed a

t ra

ndo

mly

sel

ecte

d m

iddl

e sc

hoo

ls t

hro

ugh

out

the

cou

ntr

y.

Det

erm

ine

wh

eth

er t

he

give

n s

itu

atio

ns

rep

rese

nt

a bi

ase

dor

un

bia

sed

sam

ple

.Th

en t

ell

the

typ

e of

sam

ple

.

1.W

rite

rs o

f a

popu

lar

teen

mag

azin

e w

ant

to w

rite

a s

tory

abo

ut

wh

ich

mov

ies

thei

r re

ader

s li

ke.T

he

wri

ters

dec

ide

to i

nte

rvie

w t

he

firs

t 50

peo

ple

that

wal

k ou

t of

a m

ovie

th

eate

r.B

iase

d;

conv

enie

nce

sam

ple

2.T

he

stu

den

t co

un

cil

wan

ted

to r

aise

mon

ey f

or t

hei

r sc

hoo

l by

sel

lin

gh

omem

ade

cook

ies

duri

ng

lun

ch t

ime.

To

fin

d ou

t th

e fa

vori

te k

ind

ofco

okie

for

th

e m

ajor

ity

of t

hei

r sc

hoo

l,th

ey c

ondu

cted

a s

urv

ey.T

hey

gav

eth

e su

rvey

to

20 r

ando

mly

sel

ecte

d st

ude

nts

fro

m e

ach

gra

de l

evel

.U

nb

iase

d;

stra

tifi

ed r

and

om

sam

ple

3.T

o de

term

ine

the

mos

t fr

equ

entl

y u

sed

gas

stat

ion

,a r

esea

rch

erra

ndo

mly

sel

ecte

d ev

ery

10th

per

son

fro

m a

dri

ve-t

hro

ugh

fas

t fo

odre

stau

ran

t an

d as

ked

them

wh

ere

they

las

t fi

lled

up

wit

h g

as.

Un

bia

sed

;sy

stem

atic

ran

do

m s

amp

le

In a

n u

nb

iase

d s

amp

leth

e w

hole

pop

ulat

ion

is r

epre

sent

ed.I

n a

bia

sed

sam

ple

one

or

mor

e pa

rts

ofth

e po

pula

tion

are

favo

red

over

the

oth

ers.

Favo

rite

Sp

ort

s o

f M

idd

le S

cho

ol S

tud

ents

Bas

ketb

all

Bas

ebal

lF

ootb

all

Soc

cer

105

1752

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-8

6SD

AP

2.1,

6S

DA

P2.

2,6S

DA

P2.

5

Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Rea

d t

he

intr

odu

ctio

n a

t th

e to

p o

f p

age

438

in y

our

text

boo

k.W

rite

you

r an

swer

s b

elow

.

1.S

upp

ose

she

deci

des

to s

urv

ey t

he

list

ener

s of

a r

ock

radi

o st

atio

n.

Do

you

th

ink

the

resu

lts

wou

ld r

epre

sen

t th

e en

tire

pop

ula

tion

? N

o;

liste

ner

s o

f a

rock

rad

io s

tati

on

will

pro

bab

ly p

refe

r a

rock

mu

sic

rin

g t

on

e m

ore

th

an o

ther

rin

g t

on

es.

2.S

upp

ose

she

deci

des

to s

urv

ey a

gro

up

of p

eopl

e st

andi

ng

in l

ine

for

a sy

mph

ony.

Do

you

th

ink

the

resu

lts

wou

ld r

epre

sen

t th

e en

tire

pop

ula

tion

? N

o;

peo

ple

sta

nd

ing

in li

ne

for

a sy

mp

ho

ny w

ill p

rob

ably

pre

fer

acl

assi

cal m

usi

c ri

ng

to

ne

than

oth

er r

ing

to

nes

.

3.S

upp

ose

she

deci

des

to m

ail

a su

rvey

to

ever

y 10

0th

hou

seh

old

in t

he

area

.D

o yo

u t

hin

k th

e re

sult

s w

ould

rep

rese

nt

the

enti

re p

opu

lati

on?

Exp

lain

.Ye

s;p

eop

le o

f al

l ag

es a

nd

bac

kgro

un

ds

are

mo

re li

kely

to

be

rep

rese

nte

d.

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

4.

Mat

ch t

he

type

of

sam

ple

wit

h i

ts e

xam

ple.

Pu

t th

e co

rrec

t le

tter

on

th

e li

ne.

sim

ple

ran

dom

sam

ple

a.E

very

10t

h p

erso

n i

s gi

ven

a

surv

ey.

stra

tifi

ed r

ando

m s

ampl

eb

.O

nly

th

ose

wh

o vo

lun

teer

tak

e a

surv

ey.

syst

emat

ic r

ando

m s

ampl

ec.

Nam

es a

re p

icke

d ra

ndo

mly

ou

t of

a

hat

.

con

ven

ien

ce s

ampl

ed

.A

sto

re m

anag

er s

urv

eys

his

fir

st

20 c

ust

omer

s.

volu

nta

ry r

espo

nse

sam

ple

e.5

resi

den

ts a

re r

ando

mly

su

rvey

edfr

om e

ach

flo

or o

f a

25 s

tory

apar

tmen

t bu

ildi

ng.

Rem

emb

er W

hat

Yo

u L

earn

ed5.

If y

ou a

re c

ondu

ctin

g a

surv

ey,e

xpla

in w

hy

it i

s im

port

ant

to h

ave

an u

nbi

ased

sam

ple.

On

ly t

hro

ug

h a

n u

nb

iase

d s

amp

le c

an o

ur

resu

lts

be

valid

.

bdaec

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Less

on R

eadi

ng G

uide

Usi

ng

Sam

plin

g t

o P

red

ict

Cha

pter

852

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-8



6SD

AP

2.1,

6S

DA

P2.

2,6S

DA

P2.

5

Det

erm

ine

if t

he

sam

ple

met

hod

is

vali

d (

un

bia

sed

) an

d i

f so

,use

th

ere

sult

s to

mak

e p

red

icti

ons.

If t

he

sam

ple

is

not

val

id (

bia

sed

),w

rite

not

va

lid

on t

he

lin

e an

d e

xpla

in w

hy.

1.A

rep

rese

nta

tive

fro

m t

he

cabl

e co

mpa

ny

ran

dom

ly c

alls

100

hou

seh

olds

to d

eter

min

e th

e n

um

ber

of c

ust

omer

s w

ho

rece

ive

mov

ie c

han

nel

s.O

fth

ese,

15%

do

hav

e m

ovie

ch

ann

el a

cces

s.If

th

ere

are

2,30

0 cu

stom

ers

tota

l,h

ow m

any

can

be

expe

cted

to

hav

e th

e m

ovie

ch

ann

els?

It is

val

id,

and

345

cu

sto

mer

s w

ou

ld h

ave

mov

ie c

han

nel

s.

2.A

n e

lect

ron

ics

stor

e ju

st r

ecei

ved

a h

uge

sh

ipm

ent

of v

ideo

gam

es.K

enn

yh

as b

een

pu

t in

ch

arge

of

mak

ing

sure

th

e go

ods

are

not

dam

aged

.Th

ere

are

350

boxe

s an

d 50

gam

es i

n e

ach

box

.Ken

ny

deci

des

to t

ake

the

nea

rest

5 b

oxes

an

d ch

eck

for

dam

ages

.He

fin

ds o

nly

2 d

amag

ed g

ames

,so

wh

at c

an h

e pr

edic

t fo

r th

e to

tal

nu

mbe

r of

dam

aged

gam

es i

n t

he

boxe

s? K

enny

’s s

amp

le is

no

t va

lid b

ecau

se it

is a

conv

enie

nce

sam

ple

.

3.T

aylo

r w

as g

iven

th

e fo

llow

ing

prob

lem

:

A r

esea

rch

er,w

ho

was

try

ing

to l

ink

afte

r-sc

hoo

l st

ud

ents

fro

m

20 d

iffe

ren

t sc

hoo

ls a

rou

nd

th

e co

un

try.

He

fou

nd

th

at 7

4% o

f st

ud

ents

wer

e in

volv

ed i

n a

fter

-sch

ool

spor

ts.H

ow m

any

stu

den

ts s

urv

eyed

wer

ein

volv

ed i

n s

port

s?

Th

is i

s h

ow T

aylo

r so

lved

th

e pr

oble

m:

Exp

lain

wh

at T

aylo

r di

d w

ron

g.Ta

ylo

r d

id n

ot

mu

ltip

ly 7

4% a

s a

dec

imal

.If

she

did

,th

e an

swer

w

ou

ld b

e 74

0.A

lso

,it

is a

str

atif

ied

ran

do

m s

amp

le.

Cha

pter

855

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–8

pygp

Prac

tice

Usi

ng

Sam

plin

g t

o P

red

ict

It’s

val

id b

ecau

se i

t is

a

syst

emat

ic r

ando

m

sam

ple

and

ther

e w

ere

74,0

00 s

tude

nts

.

1000

�74

74,0

00

50�

201,

000

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-8

6SD

AP

2.1,

6S

DA

P2.

2,6S

DA

P2.

5

Eac

h w

ord

in

th

e b

ox i

s a

voca

bu

lary

wor

d f

rom

les

son

8-8

.U

se t

he

wor

ds

to c

omp

lete

th

e se

nte

nce

s b

elow

.Not

all

of

the

wor

ds

wil

l b

e u

sed

.

1.A

is

wh

en m

embe

rs o

f th

e po

pula

tion

are

sele

cted

bec

ause

th

ey a

re e

asil

y ac

cess

ed.

2.T

he

surv

ey i

s co

nsi

dere

d w

hen

th

een

tire

pop

ula

tion

is

repr

esen

ted.

3.It

is

call

ed a

w

hen

eac

h p

erso

n i

n t

he

popu

lati

on h

as a

n e

qual

ch

ance

to

be s

elec

ted.

4.W

hen

th

e po

pula

tion

is

divi

ded

into

sim

ilar

,non

-ove

rlap

pin

g gr

oups

an

d th

en c

hos

en a

t ra

ndo

m f

rom

eac

h g

rou

p it

is

said

to

be

.

5.If

on

ly s

ome

mem

bers

of

the

popu

lati

on c

hoo

se t

o pa

rtic

ipat

e in

a s

urv

ey

then

it

wou

ld b

e ca

lled

a

.

6.A

sam

ple

wou

ld b

e co

nsi

dere

d if

on

eor

mor

e pa

rts

of t

he

popu

lati

on a

re f

avor

ed.

7.If

peo

ple

wer

e se

lect

ed b

y a

spec

ific

tim

e or

ite

m i

nte

rval

,su

ch a

s ev

ery

50th

per

son

,th

en t

his

wou

ld b

e a

.

8.A

con

clu

sion

can

on

ly b

e co

nsi

dere

d w

hen

th

e in

form

atio

n c

ame

from

an

un

bias

ed s

ampl

e.valid

syst

emat

ic r

and

om

sam

ple

bia

sed

volu

nta

ry r

esp

on

se s

amp

le

stra

tifi

ed r

and

om

sam

ple

sim

ple

ran

do

m s

amp

le

un

bia

sed

conv

enie

nce

sam

ple

Cha

pter

854

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


Skill

s Pr

actic

eU

sin

g S

amp

ling

to

Pre

dic

t

volu

ntar

y re

spon

se s

ampl

esi

mpl

e ra

ndom

sam

ple

syst

emat

ic r

ando

m s

ampl

e

conv

enie

nce

sam

ple

stra

tifie

d ra

ndom

sam

ple

valid

unbi

ased

bi

ased

sa

mpi

ng

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-8



An

swer

s

6SD

AP

2.1,

6S

DA

P2.

2,6S

DA

P2.

5

Cha

pter

857

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–8

pygp

Enri

chm

ent

An

swer

s w

ill v

ary.

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-8

Usi

ng

Sam

plin

g t

o P

red

ict

Acc

ordi

ng

to t

he

bar

grap

h b

elow

,spo

rts

vide

o ga

me

com

pan

ies

are

lead

ing

inga

mes

sol

d to

ch

ildr

en a

nd

adu

lts

thro

ugh

out

the

cou

ntr

y.If

th

ese

com

pan

ies

wan

t to

con

tin

ue

to l

ead

in s

ales

th

ey w

ill

hav

e to

mak

e su

re t

hey

cre

ate

gam

es w

ith

gra

phic

s an

d fe

atu

res

that

th

eir

cust

omer

s w

ant.

On

e w

ay t

o do

that

is

thro

ugh

cu

stom

er s

urv

eys.

In t

he

spac

e be

low

cre

ate

you

r ow

n c

ust

omer

su

rvey

for

a v

ideo

gam

e.M

ake

sure

to

ask

ques

tion

s th

at w

ill

give

you

in

form

atio

n t

o cr

eate

th

e be

stga

me

poss

ible

.

Mys

tery

Adve

ntur

eSp

orts

34 2 0156

Millions Sold

Vide

o Ga

me

Qui

z

Vide

o Ga

mes

Sol

d

5.2

3.5

3.2

3.2

6SD

AP

2.1,

6S

DA

P2.

2,6S

DA

P2.

5

Cha

pter

856

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Wor

d Pr

oble

m P

ract

ice

Usi

ng

Sam

plin

g t

o P

red

ict

8-8

Use

th

e w

ord

pro

ble

m a

nd

tab

le t

o an

swer

th

e q

ust

ion

s b

elow

.

Mig

uel

is

the

man

ager

of

a cl

oth

ing

stor

e.H

e w

ants

to

fin

d ou

t w

hat

ar

e th

e m

ost

popu

lar

styl

es o

f m

en’s

pan

ts a

nd

how

man

y of

eac

h t

o or

der.

He

deci

des

to s

urv

ey e

very

10t

h m

an t

hat

wal

ks i

n o

ver

a tw

o-w

eek

peri

od.

Her

e ar

e h

is r

esu

lts.

Pan

t S

tyle

Nu

mb

er o

f P

eop

le

Jean

s52

Kha

kis

31

Sla

cks

17

1.W

hat

typ

e of

sam

ple

does

Mig

uel

use

for

his

su

rvey

?

Sys

tem

atic

ran

do

msa

mp

le

3.W

hat

per

cen

tage

of

the

cust

omer

ssu

rvey

ed p

refe

r je

ans?

52%

5.If

he

has

1,3

00 c

ust

omer

s in

a t

wo

wee

kpe

riod

,how

man

y pa

irs

of s

lack

s w

ill

he

pred

ict

to s

ell?

221

pai

rs o

f sl

acks

2.W

hat

per

cen

tage

of

the

cust

omer

ssu

rvey

ed p

refe

r kh

akis

?

31%

4.If

Mig

uel

has

1,0

00 m

ale

cust

omer

sov

er a

tw

o w

eek

peri

od,h

ow m

any

pair

s of

jean

s w

ill

he

pred

ict

to s

ell?

520

pai

rs o

f je

ans

6.W

hy

wou

ld M

igu

el’s

sam

ple

not

hav

ebe

en v

alid

if

he

had

dec

ided

to

surv

eyon

ly t

he

firs

t te

n p

eopl

e to

wal

k in

?

Th

is w

ou

ld h

ave

bee

n a

co

nven

ien

cesa

mp

le w

hic

h is

bia

sed

an

d n

ot

valid

.



Stud

y Gu

ide

and

Inte

rven

tion

Mis

lead

ing

Sta

tist

ics

Cha

pter

859

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–9

pygp

Exer

cise

s

WEE

KLY

CH

OR

EST

he

lin

e gr

aph

s b

elow

sh

ow t

he

tota

l h

ours

Sal

omon

spen

t d

oin

g h

is c

hor

es o

ne

mon

th.W

hic

h g

rap

h w

ould

be

bes

t to

use

to

con

vin

ce h

is p

aren

ts h

e d

eser

ves

a ra

ise

in h

is a

llow

ance

?E

xpla

in.

He

shou

ld u

se g

raph

A b

ecau

se i

t m

akes

th

e to

tal

hou

rs s

eem

mu

ch l

arge

r.

PRO

FITS

For

Exe

rcis

es 1

an

d 2

,use

th

e gr

aph

s b

elow

.It

show

s a

com

pan

y’s

pro

fits

ove

r a

fou

r-m

onth

per

iod

.

1.W

hic

h g

raph

wou

ld b

e be

st t

o u

se t

o co

nvi

nce

pot

enti

al i

nve

stor

s to

inve

st i

n t

his

com

pan

y?G

rap

h A

2.W

hy

mig

ht

the

grap

h b

e m

isle

adin

g?T

her

e is

no

ver

tica

l sca

le.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar

.Ap

r.

Profits

Mon

ths

Grap

h B

Com

pany

Pro

fits

$30,

000

$20,

000

$10,

000

$40,

000

$50,

000

$60,

000

$70,

000 $0

Jan.

Feb.

Mar

.Ap

r.

ProfitsM

onth

s

Grap

h A

Com

pany

Pro

fits

12

34

6 4 2810121416

Total (hours)

Wee

k

0

Grap

h B

Salo

mon

's W

eekl

y Ch

ores

12

34

3 2 145678

Total (hours)

Wee

k0

Grap

h A

Salo

mon

's W

eekl

y Ch

ores

Gra

phs

can

be m

isle

adin

g fo

r m

any

reas

ons:

ther

e is

no

title

, th

e sc

ale

does

not

incl

ude

0;th

ere

are

no la

bels

on

eith

er a

xis;

the

inte

rval

s on

a s

cale

are

not

equ

al;o

r th

e si

ze o

f th

e gr

aphi

cs

mis

repr

esen

ts t

he d

ata.

Exam

ple

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-9

6SD

AP

2.3,

6S

DP

2.4

Get

Rea

dy

for

the

Less

on

Rea

d t

he

intr

odu

ctio

n a

t th

e to

p o

f p

age

444

in y

our

text

boo

k.

Wri

te y

our

answ

ers

bel

ow.

1.A

bou

t h

ow m

any

mor

e pa

ssen

gers

per

lan

e ca

n a

40-

foot

bu

s tr

ansp

ort

inan

hou

r th

an a

car

can

tra

nsp

ort?

abo

ut

6,00

0 m

ore

peo

ple

,or

twic

e as

man

y

2.Is

th

e bu

s on

th

e gr

aph

tw

ice

as l

arge

as

the

car?

Exp

lain

.N

o;

the

bus

is t

wic

e as

lon

g a

s th

e ca

r an

d m

ore

th

an t

wic

e as

wid

e.

3.D

o yo

u t

hin

k th

e gr

aph

app

eare

d in

a b

roch

ure

for

a t

rain

/bu

s tr

ansi

tco

mpa

ny

or f

or a

car

com

pan

y? W

hat

mak

es y

ou t

hin

k so

?Tr

ansi

tco

mp

any;

the

gra

ph

mak

es t

rave

ling

in a

tra

in o

r bu

s ap

pea

rm

uch

mo

re e

ffic

ien

t th

an t

rave

ling

in a

car

.

Rea

d t

he

Less

on

4.G

ive

an e

xam

ple

of a

dat

a se

t yo

u c

ould

rep

rese

nt

wit

h a

gra

ph a

nd

how

you

cou

ld r

epre

sen

t it

in

a m

isle

adin

g w

ay.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:th

eag

es o

f b

oys

and

gir

ls in

a c

lass

,wh

ere

the

boy

s ar

ere

pre

sen

ted

by

mal

e fi

gu

res

that

are

tal

ler

than

th

e fe

mal

efi

gu

res

that

rep

rese

nt

the

gir

ls

5.S

tudy

Exa

mpl

e 1.

If y

ou r

epre

sen

ted

a pe

t su

pply

com

pan

y,w

hic

h g

raph

wou

ld y

ou u

se t

o sh

ow t

hat

bu

sin

ess

is b

oom

ing?

Th

e se

con

d g

rap

h

Rem

emb

er W

hat

Yo

u L

earn

ed6.

Mis

sin

g la

bels

on

gra

phs

and

un

even

in

terv

als

on a

sca

le a

re t

wo

way

s a

set

of s

tati

stic

s ca

n b

e m

isle

adin

g.L

iste

n f

or a

sta

tist

ic u

sed

on t

he

radi

oor

in

a n

ewsp

aper

.Is

it a

rea

son

able

sta

tem

ent?

Wh

at o

ther

in

form

atio

nm

igh

t yo

u l

ike

to h

ave

befo

re y

ou c

onsi

der

a st

atis

tic

to b

e re

ason

able

?S

ee s

tud

ents

’wo

rk.

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Less

on R

eadi

ng G

uide

Mis

lead

ing

Sta

tist

ics

Cha

pter

858

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-9

6SD

AP

2.3,

6S

DP

2.4



An

swer

s

Prac

tice

Mis

lead

ing

Sta

tist

ics

Cha

pter

861

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–9

pygp

AN

TIQ

UES

For

Exe

rcis

es 1

–3,u

se t

he

tab

le.

1.F

ind

the

mea

n,m

edia

n,a

nd

mod

e of

th

e da

ta.

mea

n:

$560

;m

edia

n:

$750

;m

od

e:$8

50

2.W

hic

h m

easu

re m

igh

t be

mis

lead

ing

in d

escr

ibin

g th

e va

lue

of e

ach

ite

m?

Exp

lain

.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

the

mo

de;

Th

e m

od

e is

sig

nif

ican

tly

hig

her

th

an t

he

aver

age.

3.W

hic

h m

easu

re w

ould

bes

t de

scri

be t

he

valu

e of

eac

h i

tem

? E

xpla

in.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:th

e m

ean

;th

e m

ean

giv

es a

n a

vera

ge

valu

efo

r th

e it

ems.

MO

UN

TAIN

SF

or E

xerc

ises

4 a

nd

5,u

se t

he

grap

h

that

sh

ows

the

elev

atio

n o

f th

e tw

o h

igh

est

mou

nta

in p

eak

s in

Ala

ska.

4.B

ased

on

th

e si

ze o

f th

e ba

rs c

ompa

re t

he

elev

atio

ns

ofth

e m

oun

tain

s.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:T

he

elev

atio

no

f M

t.M

cKin

ley

is m

ore

th

an t

wic

e th

eel

evat

ion

of

Mt.

St.

Elia

s.

5.E

xpla

in h

ow t

his

gra

ph m

ay b

e m

isle

adin

g.S

amp

lean

swer

:Th

e el

evat

ion

on

th

e g

rap

h b

egin

sw

ith

16,

500

feet

,no

t 0

feet

.

6.B

OD

Y T

EMPE

RA

TUR

ET

he

grap

hs

belo

w s

how

th

e h

ourl

y bo

dy t

empe

ratu

re f

or a

hos

pita

lpa

tien

t.W

hic

h g

raph

wou

ld b

e m

ore

hel

pfu

l to

th

e do

ctor

in

sh

owin

g th

e ch

ange

in

body

tem

pera

ture

? E

xpla

in.

Gra

ph

B;

Sam

ple

an

swer

:S

ince

bo

dy

tem

per

atu

re o

nly

flu

ctu

ates

ab

ou

t 5°

F a

bov

e an

d b

elo

w n

orm

al b

od

yte

mp

erat

ure

,a s

mal

ler

tem

per

atu

re s

cale

bet

ter

sho

ws

the

smal

l ch

ang

es in

bo

dy

tem

per

atu

re.

1 P.M

.2 P

.M.

3 P.M

.4 P

.M.

5 P.M

.6 P

.M.

7 P.M

.

9998

.5

Degrees Fahrenheit

Hour

98

100.

510

110

1.5

102

102.

510

3

100

99.5

Grap

h B

Hou

rly

Tem

pera

ture

s

1 P.M

.2 P

.M.

3 P.M

.4 P

.M.

5 P.M

.6 P

.M.

7 P.M

.

20 10

Degrees Fahrenheit

Hour

05060708090100

110 40 30

Grap

h A

Hou

rly

Tem

pera

ture

s

Mt.

St. E

lias

Mt.

McK

inle

y

18,5

00

19,5

00

17,5

00

16,5

00

20,5

00

19,0

00

20,0

00

18,0

00

17,0

00

Elevation (feet)

Elev

atio

n of

Mou

ntai

ns

An

tiq

ues

Item

Val

ue

Des

k$1

50T

able

$850

Pai

nti

ng

$850

Dis

hes

$750

Sew

ing

Mac

hin

e$2

00

p

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-9

6SD

AP

2.3,

6S

DP

2.4

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Skill

s Pr

actic

eM

isle

adin

g S

tati

stic

s

Cha

pter

860

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

8-9

1.IN

CO

ME

Th

e ba

r gr

aph

s be

low

sh

ow t

he

tota

l U

.S.n

atio

nal

in

com

e (n

onfa

rm).

Wh

ich

gra

ph c

ould

be

mis

lead

ing?

Exp

lain

.

Gra

ph

B;

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

e sc

ale

on

th

e ve

rtic

al a

xis

do

esn

ot

hav

e eq

ual

inte

rval

s.It

mak

es t

he

inco

me

gro

wth

ap

pea

rto

be

slo

wer

.

GEO

GR

APH

YF

or E

xerc

ises

2–4

,use

th

e ta

ble

th

at s

how

s th

e m

iles

of

shor

elin

efo

r fi

ve s

tate

s.

2.F

ind

the

mea

n,m

edia

n,a

nd

mod

e of

th

e da

ta.

2,59

9;3,

190;

no

ne

3.W

hic

h m

easu

re o

f ce

ntr

al t

ende

ncy

is

mis

lead

ing

in d

escr

ibin

g th

e m

iles

of s

hor

elin

e fo

r th

e st

ates

? E

xpla

in.

Th

e m

ean

is m

isle

adin

g.

Sam

ple

an

swer

:A

ll st

ates

bu

t o

ne

hav

e ov

er 3

,000

mile

s o

fsh

ore

line.

Th

e o

utl

ier

of

89 c

ause

s th

e m

ean

to

be

a p

oo

rch

oic

e to

des

crib

e th

e d

ata.

4.W

hic

h m

easu

re o

f ce

ntr

al t

ende

ncy

mos

t ac

cura

tely

des

crib

es t

he

data

?m

edia

n

'00

'80

'70

'60

2030 15 01040300

700

Income in Billions ofCurrent Dollars

Year

'90

Grap

h B

U.S.

Non

farm

Inco

me

'00

'80

'70

'60

200

300

100 0

400

500

600

700

Income in Billions ofCurrent Dollars

Year

'90

Grap

h A

U.S.

Non

farm

Inco

me

Mil

es o

f S

hor

elin

e

Sta

te

Vir

gin

ia3,

315

Mar

ylan

d3,

190

Was

hin

gton

3,02

6

Nor

th C

arol

ina

3,37

5

Pen

nsy

lvan

ia3,

389

Len

gth

of

Sh

orel

ine

(mi)

6SD

AP

2.3,

6S

DP

2.4



Enri

chm

ent

Cha

pter

863

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6

Lesson 8–9

pygp

Mis

lead

ing

Sta

tist

ics

We

hea

r n

um

bers

an

d st

atis

tics

eve

ry d

ay.A

rad

io s

tati

on s

ays,

“We’

re n

um

ber

1!”

A s

tore

adve

rtis

es,“

Low

est

pric

es i

n t

own

!”T

he

radi

o st

atio

n a

nd

the

stor

e w

ant

us

to b

elie

ve t

hei

rcl

aim

s.B

ut

shou

ld w

e? S

omet

imes

adv

erti

sers

use

sta

tist

ics

that

are

acc

ura

te,b

ut

do n

otte

ll t

he

wh

ole

stor

y.T

hey

use

mis

lead

ing

stat

isti

cs t

o h

elp

sell

th

eir

prod

uct

s.W

hat

mak

esth

e st

atis

tics

mis

lead

ing

is n

ot w

hat

is

said

,bu

t w

hat

is

not

said

.T

he

radi

o st

atio

n t

hat

say

s it

is

“Nu

mbe

r 1”

may

be

nu

mbe

r 1

in t

erm

s of

th

e n

um

ber

ofC

Ds

it o

wn

s,or

th

e si

ze o

f it

s st

atio

n,o

r th

e n

um

ber

of p

eopl

e it

em

ploy

s.B

ut,

the

stat

ion

wan

ts p

eopl

e to

th

ink

it i

s n

um

ber

1 in

lis

ten

ers.

Th

e st

atis

tic

is m

isle

adin

g be

cau

se i

t do

esn

ot s

ay w

hat

th

e st

atio

n i

s n

um

ber

1 in

.

1.E

xpla

in w

hy

a st

ore’

s ad

vert

isem

ent

sayi

ng

it h

as t

he

“low

est

pric

es i

n t

own

”m

ay b

em

isle

adin

g.S

amp

le a

nsw

er:T

he

sto

re m

ay h

ave

the

low

est

pri

ce o

n o

ne

pro

du

ct,b

ut

the

adve

rtis

emen

t su

gg

ests

it h

as t

he

low

est

pri

ces

on

all

pro

du

cts.

2.F

ode

has

a s

tart

-up

inte

rnet

bu

sin

ess.

On

e da

y,h

e h

ad 1

000

hit

s to

his

web

sit

e.H

e to

ld a

dver

tise

rs t

hat

he

had

“30

,000

hit

s ea

ch m

onth

.”W

hy

mig

ht

this

sta

tist

ic b

em

isle

adin

g?S

amp

le a

nsw

er:

He

use

d s

tati

stic

s fr

om

on

e d

ay o

nly

.Th

ato

ne

day

may

hav

e b

een

hig

her

th

an u

sual

.

3.G

raph

s ca

n a

lso

be m

isle

adin

g.A

con

sum

er g

rou

p w

ants

to

show

th

at t

he

pric

e of

gas

olin

e h

as“s

kyro

cket

ed”

over

th

e pa

st f

ive

year

s.T

he

grou

pm

ade

this

lin

e gr

aph

fro

m t

he

data

in

th

e ta

ble

belo

w.

Wh

y is

th

is g

raph

mis

lead

ing?

Sam

ple

answ

er:T

he

y-ax

is s

tart

s at

$1.

20

inst

ead

of

0,so

th

e in

terv

als

on

th

e y-

axis

are

larg

e.

4.G

raph

th

e da

ta f

rom

Exe

rcis

e 3

on t

he

grid

at

the

righ

t.H

ow d

oes

you

r gr

aph

th

at s

tart

s th

e y-

axis

scal

e at

0 c

ompa

re t

o th

e on

e ab

ove?

Sam

ple

answ

er:T

he

line

has

a f

latt

er s

lop

e so

the

chan

ge

in c

ost

do

es n

ot

seem

as

gre

at.

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Cost per gallon

Year

$1.2

0

$1.4

0

$1.6

0

$1.8

0

$2.0

0

$2.2

0Ga

solin

e Pr

ices

Cost per gallon

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

$1.4

0

$1.3

0

Year

$1.7

0

$1.8

0

$1.9

0

$2.0

0

$2.1

0

$2.2

0

$1.6

0

$1.5

0

Gaso

line

Pric

es

Year

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

� gC ao lls ot n�

$1.3

5$1

.43

$1.5

6$1

.76

$1.8

8$2

.20

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

8-9

6SD

AP

2.3,

6S

DP

2.4

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

DAT

E _

____

____

____

_P

ER

IOD

__

___

Wor

d Pr

oble

m P

ract

ice

Mis

lead

ing

Sta

tist

ics

Cha

pter

862

Gle

ncoe

Cal

iforn

ia M

athe

mat

ics,

Gra

de 6


8-9

QU

IZ S

CO

RES

For

Exe

rcis

es 1

an

d 2

,use

BO

OK

SA

LES

For

Exe

rcis

es 3

an

d 4

,use

the

dat

a sh

own

in

th

e ta

ble

bel

ow.T

he

the

tab

le b

elow

.It

show

s th

e n

um

ber

tab

le s

how

s th

e q

uiz

gra

des

for

of

boo

ks

sold

eac

h d

ay f

or 2

0 d

ays.

Ms.

An

dre

y’s

and

Mr.

Lu

na’

s cl

asse

s.

1.M

s.A

ndr

ey c

laim

s th

e av

erag

e sc

ore

ona

quiz

in

her

cla

ss w

as 2

5.M

r.L

un

acl

aim

s th

e av

erag

e sc

ore

on a

qu

iz i

nh

is c

lass

is

25.E

xpla

in h

ow t

hey

arri

ved

at t

hes

e fi

gure

s.M

s.A

nd

rey

use

d t

he

mo

de,

wh

ile M

r.L

un

au

sed

th

e m

edia

n.

2.W

hat

add

itio

nal

in

form

atio

n c

ould

be

use

ful

in a

nal

yzin

g th

e da

ta?

Sam

ple

an

swer

:Th

ere

is n

oin

form

atio

n c

on

cern

ing

to

tal

po

ssib

le p

oin

ts o

n e

ach

qu

iz.

Wit

ho

ut

this

info

rmat

ion

,th

ed

ata

is m

ean

ing

less

.

3.F

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62

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102

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123

132

143




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raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.Chapter 8 Assessment Answer Key

Quiz 1 (Lessons 8-1 and 8-3) Quiz 3 (Lessons 8-6 and 8-7) Mid-Chapter TestPage 67 Page 68 Page 69

Quiz 2 (Lessons 8-4 and 8-5)

Page 67

Quiz 4 (Lessons 8-8 and 8-9)

Page 68

1.

2.

3.4. 31

12

70.8-70; 60; Sample answer:Mean and median; more thanhalf the prices are greaterthan $60

110

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6. Thursday

202 min.

Monday

B

the magnitude ofmajor earthquakes

worldwide

8.2–8

.5

7.8–8

.1

7.4–7

.7

7.0–7

.3

810

46

02Fr

eque

ncy

Major Earthquakes

Magnitude

1.

2.

3.

4.

5. about 440

172 people

9,071 adults

Sample answer:140 min

y

x

Mile

s

15

10

5

20

25

30

020 40 60 80 100 120

Time

Bicycling

1.

2.

3.

4.

Sample answer: A hasabout twice as many lostpieces as B, but the sizeof the larger symbol ismore than twice the sizeof the smaller.

19

� 36%

39 students

1.

2.

3.

4. H

D

J

A

5.

6.

7.

8. 17%

Sample answer:cluster 2%–5%; gap11%–19%; outliers at8, 11, and 19

$4; $3; $1

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1 5 10 15 20

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c.Chapter 8 Assessment Answer Key

Vocabulary Test Form 1Page 70 Page 71 Page 72

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Sample answer: Thedifference betweenthe greatest and leastnumbers in a data set

Sample answer: Datavalues that are muchless than or muchgreater than the restof the data.

histogram

bar graph

mode

measures of centraltendency

line plot

scatter plot

line graph

data 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10. H

B

F

C

G

C

F

D

F

C 11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20. J

B

G

C

G

D

F

B

H

A

B:

Sample answer: Ahistogram is a specialkind of bar graph.


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Form 2A Form 2BPage 73 Page 74 Page 75 Page 76

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10. F

C

J

D

F

A

H

C

G

A 11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

B: 6 games

H

B

F

B

F

B

J

A

C

B 11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

B: 8 games

F

A

F

D

G

A

G

C

G

B1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10. G

B

F

C

F

A

G

C

G

A


An

swer

s

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Form 2CPage 77 Page 78

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.Most of the prices areclustered from $23 to $49.

$32, $24

$40

19

categories, rivers;lengths of the rivers

Wos

hita

Peco

s

Brazus

800

400600

9001,000

0

200

Leng

th (m

i)

RiversTri

nity

Texas Rivers

2.4; 2.4; 2.4

Sample answer:$2,800

143,000

130,000 11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

B:

Sample answer: themean; the median andmode since theywould not change

Graph A; The increases inprofits have beenexaggerated by theinconsistent vertical scale.

The conclusion is valid.This is a systematicrandom sample.


40

Sample answer: Mostof the students own 9–15DVDs.

Sample answer: cluster9–15; gaps 0–6 and 15–21;outliers 0, 21, and 22

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0 2 4 6 8 10 14 1812 16 20

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22

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Sample answer:mean and median,because more thanhalf of the items aregreater than 24

24.75; 26; no mode


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Form 2DPage 79 Page 80

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Sample answer: Most of the values areclustered from 1.0 hours to 3.8 hours.

2.4 h; 3.5 h

4.5 h

19

horizontal: expensecategories; vertical: thedollars spent monthly.

Other

Utilitie

sFo

odRe

nt

600

800

400

0

200

1,000

Dolla

rs

Enter

tainm

ent

Monthly Expenditures

8.3; 8.2; 8.1

Sample answer:1,700 bushels

94,500

119,00011.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

B:

Sample answer: Mean;there is no mode in

either case.

Graph B; The decreases inprofits have beenminimized by theinconsistent vertical scale.

The conclusion is invalid.This is a biased, voluntaryresponse sample.


16

Sample answer:Most of the studentsattended 0–5 moviesin a theater.

Sample answer:cluster 0–5; gap 5–9;outliers 9 and 11

��

�

0 1 2 3 4 5 7 96 8 10

�

11

��

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��

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Sample answer:median, data becausethere is an outlier.

20; 15; 12 and 15


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Form 3Page 81 Page 82

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Sample answer:vertical axis does notstart at zero.

6.1

1.9

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6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0

��

Sample answer: $1.15

682 s or 11 min 22s;300 s or; 5 min

Sample answer:200–249 s

Pric

e

30

20

10

40

50

60

70

80

0

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Year

1/2 Gallon of Milk

y

x

Sample answer: clusters6.0–6.3 and 6.8–7.1; gaps6.3–6.8 and 7.1–7.4; nooutliers

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

B:

Sample answer: If there are

both values that are greater and

those that are less, then the

mean may not be affected.

Example: Data: 2, 499, 500, 501,

998; mean � 500; mean with

2 and 998 removed � 500

10,500

11,500

24; 24

Sample answer: Mean;the population ofTokyo is much largerthan the others.

19,407.2; 18,066;no mode

Stem Leaf0 3 5 8 91 0 5 6 80 0 3 4 4 4 4 5 6 8 9 93 0 4 94 45 0 2|3 � 23

250–299200–249150–199

8

4

0

10

6

2

Num

ber o

f Son

gs

300–349

Length

Length of Hit Single


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Page 83, Extended-Response TestScoring Rubric

Level Specific Criteria

4 The student demonstrates a thorough understanding of the mathematicsconcepts and/or procedures embodied in the task. The student hasresponded correctly to the task, used mathematically sound procedures,and provided clear and complete explanations and interpretations. Theresponse may contain minor flaws that do not detract from thedemonstration of a thorough understanding.

3 The student demonstrates an understanding of the mathematics conceptsand/or procedures embodied in the task. The student’s response to thetask is essentially correct with the mathematical procedures used and theexplanations and interpretations provided demonstrating an essential butless than thorough understanding. The response may contain minor errorsthat reflect inattentive execution of the mathematical procedures orindications of some misunderstanding of the underlying mathematicsconcepts and/or procedures.

2 The student has demonstrated only a partial understanding of themathematics concepts and/or procedures embodied in the task. Althoughthe student may have used the correct approach to obtaining a solution ormay have provided a correct solution, the student’s work lacks an essentialunderstanding of the underlying mathematical concepts. The responsecontains errors related to misunderstanding important aspects of the task,misuse of mathematical procedures, or faulty interpretations of results.

1 The student has demonstrated a very limited understanding of themathematics concepts and/or procedures embodied in the task. Thestudent’s response to the task is incomplete and exhibits many flaws.Although the student has addressed some of the conditions of the task, thestudent reached an inadequate conclusion and/or provided reasoning thatwas faulty or incomplete. The response exhibits many errors or may beincomplete.

0 The student has provided a completely incorrect solution oruninterpretable response, or no response at all.


An

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Page 83, Extended-Response TestSample Answers

In addition to the scoring rubric found on page A36, the following sample answers may be used as guidance in evaluating extended-response assessment items.

1. a. 46

b. Sample answer: About 45, becausethe mean total score is decreasingabout 0.5 points per year.

c. The distance from 0 to 40 is the sameas the distance from 40 to 42.

2. a. Sample answer: Data that aregrouped closely together are called acluster.

b. Sample answer: The mean of a set ofdata is the arithmetic average. Themedian of a set of data is the middlenumber when the data are arrangedin numerical order or the average ofthe middle two data if there are aneven number of data in the set. Themode of a set of data is the numberor item that appears most often.

mean: 11 � 29 � 54 � 59 � 35 �

41 � 46 � 33 � 47 � 60 �

54 � 46 � 49 � 46 � 610

�61140

� � 43.6

median: 46

mode: 46

c. Sample answer: Find the least andgreatest data values: 11 and 60. Theleast data value has a 1 in the tensplace, and the greatest value has a 6in the tens place. List the digits 1 to 6 in order from least to greatest.The leaves are the correspondingdigits in the ones place for each stem.Write every leaf, in order from leastto greatest. Include a key to the data.

6|0 � 60 home runs

3. Sample answer: To analyze data meansto describe, summarize, and comparedata. Some methods for doing thisinclude using graphs and usingmeasures of central tendency.

� � � � ��

10 20 30 40 50

��

� ��

60

� ��

Stem Leaf1 12 93 3 54 1 6 6 6 7 95 4 4 96 0


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Standardized Test PracticePage 84 Page 86

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10. F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D 11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16. F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D

F G H J

A B C D


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Standardized Test PracticePage 86

17.

18.

19.

20a.

20b.

Sample answer: Thegreatest amount of rain is30 mm and the leastamount of rain is 3 mm;range: 30 � 3 � 27 mm.

Sample answer: 28

223.5 million miles or223,500,000 miles

0.4�0�5�

� �21 �

221

� � 21

6th term � 7th term��

2

Chapter 8 Resource Masters - MHSchool · PDF fileChapter 8 Test, Form 3 ... (final)...

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Transcript of Chapter 8 Resource Masters - MHSchool · PDF fileChapter 8 Test, Form 3 ... (final)...