Chapter 7: Teamwork and Leadership
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Transcript of Chapter 7: Teamwork and Leadership
Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Chapter 7: Teamwork and Leadership
Chapter 7: Teamwork and Leadership
Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Types of Health Care TeamsTypes of Health Care Teams
• Administrative
• Medical emergency
• Hospital patient care
• Physician’s office
• Outpatient care
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Definition of a TeamDefinition of a Team
• Team Composition
– Two or more individuals organized to function cooperatively
– Members focused on the same results
– Health care team: professionals with a variety of:
• Health-related backgrounds
• Education
• Experiences
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• One-Profession Team: Nursing Team Example
– Registered nurses (RNs)—team leaders
– Licensed practical nurses (LPNs)
– Licensed vocational nurses (LVNs)
– Certified nursing assistants (CNAs)
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Multidisciplinary Team
– Cooperative group of professionals with different:
• Qualifications
• Skills
• Areas of expertise
– Team members complement one another
– Provide comprehensive health care
– Example: cardiac rehabilitation team
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Elements of Team Structure
– Team purpose
– Team goals
– Team members’ roles
– Team functions
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Team Purpose
– What is the reason for the team?
– What does it hope to accomplish?
– Points all members in right direction
– Determines how team should develop & move forward
– For health care team: to provide or support patient care
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Team Goals
– Common goals or objectives
– Decisions not made independently
– Focus on best interest of team
– Willingness to listen to opinions of other members
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Team Members’ Roles
– Team leader
– Recorder or secretary
– Spokesperson
– Resource
– Implementers
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Team Functions
– Activities carried out to meet goals
– Unique skills & experiences matched to tasks
– Effectiveness of individual impacts all others
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Required Ingredients for Effective Teamwork
– Open & honest communication
– Sufficient organizational resources
– Mutual support
– Understanding & recognizing role & function of each member
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Guidelines for Preparing Team Meetings
– Set meeting time & place in advance
– Choose a day & time when all members are available
– For regular meetings, schedule for same day & time
– Distribute agenda before meeting
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Group Communication
– Listen with full attention to other members
– Express ideas as clearly as possible
– Encourage feedback on all ideas
– Avoid letting negative emotions cloud communications
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Tips for Contributing to a Team
– Remember group dynamics (how members relate to each other)
– Encourage contributions from everyone
– Avoid letting one member dominate
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Sources of Conflict
– Substance vs. personality differences
– Independent work & limited group conversation
– Atmosphere of distrust & suspicion
– Differences in:
• Training
• Knowledge
• Experience
– Competitive work environment
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Definition of a Team (cont’d)Definition of a Team (cont’d)
• Managing Conflict: Steps in Problem Solving
– Assessing
– Diagnosing
– Creating a plan
– Implementing the plan
– Evaluating the plan
– Modifying the plan (if necessary)
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LeadershipLeadership
• Definition of Leadership
– The ability to influence others while working toward a vision or goal
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Leadership (cont’d)Leadership (cont’d)
• Characteristics of Successful Health Care Leaders
– Understand complexity of coordinated care
– Remain open to different points of view
– Understand interdependency of health care team
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Leadership (cont’d)Leadership (cont’d)
• Leadership Skills
– Communication
– Problem solving
– Management
– Self evaluation
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Leadership (cont’d)Leadership (cont’d)
• Leadership Styles
– Autocratic (directive)
• Leader controls decisions & activities
– Democratic
• Leader shares decisions & activities
– Laissez-faire (non-directive)
• Leader hands over power to group
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Leadership (cont’d)Leadership (cont’d)
• Leadership and Management: Four Functions of Managers
– Planning
– Organizing
– Directing
– Controlling
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Leadership (cont’d)Leadership (cont’d)
• Preparing for a Leadership Role
– Identify your strengths
– Evaluate how you accomplish work
– Clarify your values
– Assume responsibility for relationships