Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
Transcript of Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
1/42
Chapter 7 - The Ways in which ICT
is used IGCSE ICT Option 3
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
2/42
ICT in Everyday life
This chapter looks at how ICT is used in
everyday life and discusses the many
advantages and drawbacks
of
using a computer system to replace or
enhance applications that were previously
manual or paper based.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
3/42
Most people use ICT in some ways to
communicate with other people.
This could be personal or for businesscommunication
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
4/42
Interactive Communication
Applications Organizations and Individuals use these to
communicate.
How does IAK use ICT to communicate withyou?
Blogs,
WIKI's Social Networking Web Sites
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
5/42
Different ways of communicating
information Multimedia Presentations
Printing flyers and posters
Using a website
Music productions
Cartoon animations (using Flash on a PC for
example)
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
6/42
Your job! A round robin Activity
In a group 5 minutes to think of the
advantages and disadvantages of your
nominated method of presenting information.
Make a list.
Nominate a speaker to tell the rest of the class
what you came up with. The job of the listener is to listen and write
down what is said......unless of course if you
disagree! Then you politely say so.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
7/42
Homework:
Find one example of a job that has completely changed because of
the introduction of ICT. You must use 4 words. Enhanced,
replaced, manually and paper based!
Create a new page on your WIKI, called, 'Homework'. You willadd your answer to your WIKI.
State the job
Describe briefly how the job has changed
Example, a bank clerk used to keep paper based records. He used
to do these records manually. Now s/he keeps these records on
a computer system which can be seen in any branch all over the
country. The paper based side of the job has almost vanished
completely.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
8/42
L2 Chapter 7 How ICT is used in
all sorts of common jobs ICT is now used in allsorts of common jobs
Surveys used to collect information from lots of different people.
Traditionally there were done by pen and paper.
Now the survey can be completed online and submitted to the
organizer electronically.
The surveys are written or designed by computer
Or, completed by hand and read by an OMR device.
Can you think of the ICT used in a tuck shop?
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
9/42
Batch Processing, Online Processing
& Real Time Processing
Data can be processed by a computer in different ways.
Batch ProcessingOnline Processing
Real Time Processing
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
10/42
Batch Processing
Used when a job needs doing in one go.
All relevant data is processed together in one batch.
Once started, no human intervention is needed.
Ideal for
Marking multiple choice papers
Applying the same changes to hundreds of photos Producing attendance statistics recorded on OMR forms
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
11/42
Online Processing
With online processing, the system is automatically updated
when a transaction or change is made.
This means that the system is always up to date.
Airlines are a perfect example of this. When a seat is booked,
the number of seats reduces by one.
Ideal for Airlines
Holiday companies
Banking transactions
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
12/42
Real time processing
Here, it is essential that you have up to the second informationand no delays.
The system responds immediately without any delay.
Sensors are used to collect the data and the processor sends
signals to actuators which will turn the devices on or off.
This is ideal for
Flood warning systems Autopilots for aircrafts
Traffic lights control
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
13/42
Online booking system
All online booking systems use online Processing, this means
that the user is entering their details, the seats are saved for them.
If the customer does not want to go ahead with the transaction,
then the seats are released to another buyer.
Things are immediately updated. This prevents double booking.
Online booking system can be used for
cinema tickets, theatre seats,
flights, train tickets
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
14/42
Your job
3 minutes to think of the advantages and disadvantages of online
booking system. Work in pairs.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
15/42
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
16/42
Homework: Find one example of a job that has completely
changed because of the introduction of ICT. Youmust use 4 words. Enhanced, replaced, manually
and paper based!
Create a new page on your WIKI, called, 'Homework'.
You will add your answer to your WIKI.
State the job
Describe briefly how the job has changed
Example, a bank clerk used to keep paper based records. He used
to do these records manually. Now s/he keeps these records on
a computer system which can be seen in any branch all over the
country. The paper based side of the job has almost vanished
completely.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
17/42
ICT in Ordinary Jobs / Processes
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
18/42
Write these down
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
19/42
Homework: Find one example of a job that has completely
changed because of the introduction of ICT. Youmust use 4 words. Enhanced, replaced, manually
and paper based!
Create a new page on your WIKI, called, 'Homework'.
You will add your answer to your WIKI.
State the job
Describe briefly how the job has changed
Example, a bank clerk used to keep paper based records. He used
to do these records manually. Now s/he keeps these records on
a computer system which can be seen in any branch all over the
country. The paper based side of the job has almost vanished
completely.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
20/42
L3 Recap Questions
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
21/42
Recap questions Name 3 types of Processing
What is an online booking system?
State 3 examples of an online booking system.
Draw a flow diagram with arrows to show all the steps
of an Online Booking System.
State 2 advantages and two disadvantages of an OBS.
A website is being created that enables customers to
place orders for groceries online and have them
delivered.
Give the name of the type of processing
Why is this type of processing appropriate?
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
22/42
Measurement Applications Computers are used in conjunction with sensors to measure physical
quantities such as temperature, light, pressure and infra red radiation.Because most of these quantities are analogue, you must have an
analogue to digital convertor to change the data into digital data than
can be processed and stored by a computer.
Monitoring
Monitoring involves taking readings, measurements regularly or
continuously over a period of time using sensors. 3 things can happen
1.) Readings can be stored for later and output in some way,
maybe graphically. 2.) Set off alerts raising an alarm if a patients HR raises above
a set level.
3.) Auto control readings are used to control a device in some
way. For example, a heating system for air conditioning.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
23/42
Main features of monitoring (top of 69) Readings are taken
You can
You can set how often.
Sensors can be put in remote.
The sent data can be..
The data can be
Describe what sensor you would have for measuring waves off
Hawaii. How would having a sensor be a benefit?
If we didnt have sensors at traffic lights, describe an alternative.
A
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
24/42
AnswersDescribe what sensor you would have for measuring waves
off Hawaii. How would having a sensor be a benefit?
You could use a pressure sensor for measuring the force
of the waves pressing on them. Whilst expensive to install,
you would not have to be present at the location. This means
you could monitor for weeks on end and have the data sent
wirelessly for analysis with computer software.
If we didnt have sensors at traffic lights, describe an
alternative.
Without sensors detecting movement and pressure, we wouldhave to rely on a person to direct the traffic. This would be
expensive, boring and potentially dangerous. The sensor is
automated, the settings can be changed to suit the traffic.
Again, data can be analysed from the sensor.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
25/42
An example of each type of sensor
Can you think of an example of how each
sensor could be used?
Temperature / heat Light
Sound
Pressure Humidity
Passive infra red
Advantages and Disadvantages of
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
26/42
Advantages and Disadvantages of
Monitoring using ICT
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
27/42
Homework for today Anyway, Page 73, Green Box, Questions 1,2,3
& 4.
Si l C t l A li ti
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
28/42
Simple Control Applications Burglar Alarms work in a similar way to a
security light, using passive infra red (PIR).
Here the output device is an alarm.
Automatic cookers temperature sensors relay
information to the microprocessor to control
the heater and make the temperature correct.
NEW BIG TITLE BELOW
Computer Controlled Greenhouses
In order to grow plants, successfully, you need
optimal conditions. You can use sensors and
computers to monitor the conditions and keep the
conditions constant.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
29/42
The out put devices that help to control the
greenhouse are Lamps (artificial light)
Heater (You dont need this in Kuwait)
Motor (to turn off and on the water)
Sensors used
Light Temperature
Moisture
Yalla Shabab draw dia ram at bottom of 71!
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
30/42
In practice, this is what happens Microprocessor compares the sensor reading to
the present value. The microprocessor sends a signal to the
actuator
If temperature is bigger than the present value,the microprocessor switches on the heater
and opens the window!
If the humidity reading is less than the presentvalue, the microprocessor switches on the
sprinkler.
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
31/42
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
32/42
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
33/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
34/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
35/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
36/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
37/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
38/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
39/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
40/42
H
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
41/42
H
-
7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1
42/42