Chapter 7: Resource Markets. Chapter Focus: How businesses maximize profits by choosing how much of...
Transcript of Chapter 7: Resource Markets. Chapter Focus: How businesses maximize profits by choosing how much of...
Chapter 7: Resource Markets
Chapter Focus:
How businesses maximize profits by choosing how much of each economic resource to use
The demand for resources by businesses that are price-takers and price-makers in the markets in which they sell their products
The supply of labour, how wage rates are determined, and labour market equilibrium
Factors that change resource demand
Price elasticity of resource demand and the factors that determine it
How Resource Markets Operate:
Wage: the amount earned by a worker for providing labour for a certain period of time; sometimes know as salary
The Demand for Resources: It depends on the demand of the final goods and
services Marginal productivity theory:
The theory that businesses use resources based on how much extra profit these resources provide
Product and Resource Price-Taker:
Marginal Product: The change in output by adding/changing in input (worker) while all
other factors remain constant
Marginal revenue product: (MRP) the change in total revenue associated with employing each new
unit of a resource
Labour demand and supply: Marginal resource cost: (MRC)
the extra cost of each additional unit of resource
Business’s labour demand curve: a graph showing the possible combinations of workers demanded by a
business at each possible wage
Business’s labour supply curve: a graph showing the possible combinations of workers supplied to a
business at each possible wage
Profit-maximizing Employment Rule: states that a business should use a resource up to the point where the
resource’s marginal revenue product equals its marginal resource cost
Profit-Maximizing employment rule: MRP = MRC
Market Demand and Supply:
Labour market demand curve: A graph showing the possible combinations of workers demanded in a certain labour
market at each possible wage
Labour market supply curve: A graph showing the possible combinations of workers supplying their labour in a
certain labour market at each possible wage
Changes in Resource Demand:
Product Demand
Other Resource Prices Complementary Resources: resources that are used together Labour Productivity: the quantity of output produced per worker in a
given period of time; the average product of labour Substitute Resources: resources that can be used in place of one
another without affecting output
Technological Innovation Increase productivity
Price Elasticity of Resource Demand:
1. Rate of Decline in Marginal Product
2. Price Elasticity of Product Demand
3. Proportion of Total Costs
4. Substitute Resources