CHAPTER 7

NEGOTIATING INTERSECTIONS

CHAPTER 7NEGOTIATING INTERSECTIONS

7.1 SEARCHING INTERSECTIONS

7.2 CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS

7.3 UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS

7.4 DETERMINING RIGHT OF WAY AND JUDGING GAPS

CHAPTER 7INTERSECTIONS FACTS:

1/3 OF ALL COLLISIONS TAKE PLACE AT INTERSECTIONS

¼ OF ALL FATAL COLLISIONS TAKE PLACE AT INTERSECTIONS

CHAPTER 7

IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS:STREET SIGNS AND STREET LIGHTSROADWAY MARKINGSCROSSING TRAFFICPARKED VEHICLES ON CROSS STREETSTURNING TRAFFICROWS OF FENCESTRAFFIC STOPPINGPOWER LINES

CHAPTER 7

APPROACHING INTERSECTIONS:1. IDENTIFY OPEN ZONE2. SEARCH RIGHT AND LEFT3. LOOK FOR LINE OF SIGHT RESTRICTIONS

THROUGH INTERSECTIONS

1. CONTINUE IF CLEAR2. ALWAYS CONTINUALLY SCAN RIGHT & LEFT3. LOOK FOR TRAFFIC SIGNALS OR OTHER MOVING VEHICLES4. REMEMBER, YOU ARE NOT ALLOWED TO CHANGE LANES

WITHIN AN INTERSECTION!

POINT OF NO RETURN: THE POINT BEYOND WHICH YOU

CAN NO LONGER STOP SAFELY WITHOUT ENTERING AN INTERSECTION.

(NORMALLY ABOUT 2 SECONDS FROM INTERSECTIONS)

FROM A STOP AT AN INTERSECTION

1. LOOK 90 DEGREES TO THE RIGHT AND LEFT

2. WHEN TURNING LAST CHECK SHOULD BE YOUR INTENDED PATH OF TRAVEL

3. IF WAITING BEHIND ANOTHER VEHICLE, WAIT AT LEAST 1 SECOND AFTER IT BEGINS TO MOVE

CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS

TWO KINDS OF SIGNSSTOP:

MUST MAKE FULL STOP BEHIND STOP LINE,

CROSSWALK, OR INTERSECTIONYEILD:

SLOW AND YEILD RIGHT OF WAY TO VEHICLES ON THROUGH STREET

STOPPING POINTS

WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS?

• CONTROLLED, 4 WAY STOP

WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?

• BEFORE THE SIDE WALK

WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?

• BEFORE YOU ENTER THE INTERSECTION AND CAN SEE CLEARLY.

WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?

• BEFORE THE CROSSWALK

WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?

• AT THE WHITE STOP LINE

WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?

• AT THE STOP LINE

WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS?

• CONTROLLED, WHITE LINE TELLS US THERE IS A STOP SIGN, HIDDEN BY THE TREES!

WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS?

• CONTROLLED, THEY HAVE STOP SIGNS

WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS

• CONTROLLED, WITH YEILD SIGNS• REMEMBER, NEVER ASSUME THEY WILL STOP!

BLOCKED VIEW AT AN INTERSECTION

1. STOP AND SCAN, THEN SLOWLY CREEP FORWARD

2. KEEP CHECKING RIGHT & LEFT, STOP BEFORE FRONT BUMPER ENTERS INTERSECTION

3. WHEN YOU HAVE AN OPEN GAP FROM BOTH DIRECTIONS THEN PROCEDE

JOINING TRAFFIC:

1. SCAN BEFORE YOU REACH INTESECTION

2. SIGNAL EARLY3. STOP AND IDENTIFY A 7 SECOND GAP4. LOOK TO TARGET AND ACCELERATE

TO TURN5. ADJUST TO TRAFFIC AND CHECK

REVIEW MIRROR

CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS WITH SIGNALS

RED YELLOWGREENTURNING ARROWS

SIGNALS

FRESH GREEN LIGHT:HAS JUST TURNED GREENBE SURE NO ONE IS IN CROSS WALKS

AND NO ONE IS RUNNING THE RED LIGHT

STALE GREEN LIGHT:HAS BEEN GREEN A LONG TIME PREDICT IT WILL TURN TO YELLOW

YELLOW LIGHT:

MUST DECIDE TO PROCEDE OR STOP (PNR)IF CLOSE TO INTERSECTION, THEN PROCEDEIF TOO FAR (3-4SEC), THEN YOU MUST STOP

BUT! ALWAYS CHECK REVIEW MIRROR BEFORE YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION

CHAPTER 7RED LIGHT

WHEN APPORACHING CHECK REVIEW MIRROR BEFORE YOU BRAKE

STOP FAR ENOUGH BEHIND OTHERS SO THAT YOU CAN SEE THEIR REAR TIRESCOME TO COMPLETE STOP AT THE “STOP LINE”

UNPROTECTED LEFT TURNS

MADE AT A TRAFFIC SIGNAL THAT DOES NOT HAVE A TURNING ARROW.MUST YEILD TO ON COMIONG TRAFFICWHEN GAP IS LARGE ENOUGH THEN MAKE TURNIF LIGHT TURNS RED WHILE YOU ARE IN THE INTERSECTION, MAKE TURN AFTER ALL VEHICLES HAVE STOPPED

PROTECTED LEFT TURNSLEFT TURN LIGHT/GREEN ARROW:PROCEDE ONLY WHEN INTERSECTION IS CLEAR AND EVERYONE ELSE HAS STOPPED

DELAYED GREEN LIGHT:ONE SIDE OF TRAFFIC HAS A LONGER GREEN LIGHT THAN THE OTHER

RIGHT TURNS ON RED

MUST COME TO COMPLETE STOPMOVE INTO POSITION TO SEE CLEARLYSEARCH FRONT ZONES FOR OPENINGYEILD RIGHT OF WAY TO ANY PEDESTRIAN OR VEHICLETURN INTO NEARSET LANE OF TRAFFIC GOING SAME DIRECTION

RIGHT ON RED

• MAKE SURE IT IS LEGAL TO TURN!

APPROACHING TRACKS

• SCAN MAKE SURE YOU CAN SEE FAR ENOUGH BOTH DIRECTIONS

• COVER BRAKE• SLOW DOWN AS YOU CROSS

RAILROAD CROSSINGS

MUST STOP BEHIND LINEWAIT FOR GATES TO GO ALL THE WAY UPCHECK BOTH WAYS FOR MULTIPLE TRAINSCAFREFULLY PROCEDE ONLY WHEN CLEAR

UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS

HAS NO SIGNS OR TRAFFIC CONTROLSUSUALLY FOUND IN RESIDENTIAL AREASTREAT LIKE A YEILD SIGNCOVER BRAKE AND SCANNEVER ASSUME ANOTHER DRIVIER WILL YIELD!

DETERMINING RIGHT OF WAY

RIGHT OF WAY:PRIVILEGE OF HAVING IMMEDIATE USE

OF A CERTAIN PART OF A ROADWAY

SITUATIONS WHERE YOU MUST YIELD RIGHT OF WAY

1. TO ALL PEDESTRIANS2. ALL TRAFFIC ON THROUGH STREET3. VEHICLES STILL IN INTERSECTION4. COMING FRM AN ALLEY, DRIVEWAY, OR PRIVATE ROADWAY5. TO EMERGENCY VEHICLES6. AT FOUR WAY STOP TO THE VEHICLE ON THE RIGHT OR THE VEHICLE THAT GOT THERE BEFORE YOU7. WHEN TURNING LEFT AT AN INTERSECTION8. ANYTIME NECESSARY TO PREVENT A COLLISION! ESPECIALLY AT UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS9. AND OF COURSE, AT YIELD SIGNS

SITUATIONS WHERE YOU MUST YIELD:

PEDESTRIANS!

WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?

WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?

WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?

WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?

WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?

WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF

WAY?

• THEY WILL, STOPPED BEFORE US

WHO WILL HAVE THE RIGHT OF WAY?

• DEPENDS WHO GETS THERE FIRST• IF AT THE SAME TIME, WE WILL

JUDGING TRAFFIC GAPS

1. CROSSING AN INTERSECTION 4-5 SECONDS EACH WAY

2. TURNING RIGHT, TAKES LONGER, 6 SECONDS OR MORE

3. TURNING LEFT, MOST DANGEROUS, 7 SECONDS OR MORE