CHAPTER 7 FOR LIFE THE OLD FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID THE NEW FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID.

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CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 7 FOR LIFE FOR LIFE

Transcript of CHAPTER 7 FOR LIFE THE OLD FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID THE NEW FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID.

CHAPTER 7CHAPTER 7

FOR LIFEFOR LIFE

THE OLD FOOD GUIDE THE OLD FOOD GUIDE PYRAMIDPYRAMID

THE NEW FOOD GUIDE THE NEW FOOD GUIDE PYRAMIDPYRAMID

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One Size Does Not Fit All!One Size Does Not Fit All! USDA created 12 pyramids USDA created 12 pyramids

for 12 calorie levels, from for 12 calorie levels, from 1,000 to 3,200.1,000 to 3,200.

Calorie levels are based on:Calorie levels are based on:– GenderGender– AgeAge– ActivityActivity

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Anatomy of MyPyramidAnatomy of MyPyramid

ACTIVITY ACTIVITY

Represented by Represented by

the steps and the the steps and the

person climbing person climbing

them.them.

SIX CLASSES OF NUTRIENTSSIX CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS

CARBOHYDRATESCARBOHYDRATES FATS FATS PROTEINSPROTEINS VITAMINSVITAMINS MINERALSMINERALS WATERWATER

CHAPTER 7.1 KEY TERMSCHAPTER 7.1 KEY TERMSNUTRITIONNUTRITION- THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND THE - THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND THE WAYS IN WHICH THE BODY USES ITWAYS IN WHICH THE BODY USES ITNUTRIENTSNUTRIENTS- A SUBSTANCE IN FOOD THAT - A SUBSTANCE IN FOOD THAT PROVIDES ENERGY OR HELPS FORM BODY TISSUES PROVIDES ENERGY OR HELPS FORM BODY TISSUES AND THAT IS NECESSARY FOR LIFE AND GROWTHAND THAT IS NECESSARY FOR LIFE AND GROWTHCARBOHYDRATESCARBOHYDRATES- A CLASS OF ENERGY-GIVING - A CLASS OF ENERGY-GIVING NUTRIENTS THAT INCLUDES SUGARS, STARCHES, NUTRIENTS THAT INCLUDES SUGARS, STARCHES, AND FIBERAND FIBERFATSFATS- A CLASS OF ENERGY-GIVING NUTRIENTS; - A CLASS OF ENERGY-GIVING NUTRIENTS; ALSO THE MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY STORAGE IN ALSO THE MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY STORAGE IN THE BODYTHE BODYPROTEINSPROTEINS- A CLASS OF NUTRIENTS THAT ARE - A CLASS OF NUTRIENTS THAT ARE MADE UP OF AMINO ACIDS, WHICH ARE NEEDED MADE UP OF AMINO ACIDS, WHICH ARE NEEDED TO BUILD AND REPAIR BODY STRUCTURES AND TO TO BUILD AND REPAIR BODY STRUCTURES AND TO REGULATE PROCESSES IN THE BODYREGULATE PROCESSES IN THE BODY

CHAPTER 7.2 KEY TERMSCHAPTER 7.2 KEY TERMS

VITAMINVITAMIN- CLASS OF NUTRIENTS THAT - CLASS OF NUTRIENTS THAT CONTAIN CARBON & ARE NEEDED IN CONTAIN CARBON & ARE NEEDED IN SMALL AMOUNTS TO MAINTAIN HEALTH & SMALL AMOUNTS TO MAINTAIN HEALTH & ALLOW GROWTHALLOW GROWTH

MINERALMINERAL- CLASS OF NUTRIENT THAT ARE - CLASS OF NUTRIENT THAT ARE CHEMICAL ELEMENTS THAT ARE NEEDED CHEMICAL ELEMENTS THAT ARE NEEDED FOR CERTAIN BODY PROCESSES, SUCH AS FOR CERTAIN BODY PROCESSES, SUCH AS ENZYME ACTIVITY & BONE FORMATIONENZYME ACTIVITY & BONE FORMATION

NUTRIENT DEFICIENCYNUTRIENT DEFICIENCY- STATE OF NOT - STATE OF NOT HAVING ENOUGH OF A NUTRIENT TO HAVING ENOUGH OF A NUTRIENT TO MAINTAIN GOOD HEALTHMAINTAIN GOOD HEALTH

FIBERFIBER

KEEPS INTESTINES KEEPS INTESTINES HEALTHY, HEALTHY, PREVENTS PREVENTS CONSTIPATION, & CONSTIPATION, & MAY HELP MAY HELP PREVENT COLON PREVENT COLON CANCER & HEART CANCER & HEART DISEASEDISEASE

FATSFATS

SATURATEDSATURATED– ANIMALANIMAL

MEAT, MILK, MEAT, MILK, BUTTER, & ICE BUTTER, & ICE CREAMCREAM

UNSATURATED-”GUNSATURATED-”GOOD FAT”OOD FAT”– PLANTPLANT

OLIVE, CANOLA, OLIVE, CANOLA, PEANUT, CORN, PEANUT, CORN, SUNFLOWER, & SUNFLOWER, & SOYBEAN OILSOYBEAN OIL

CHOLESTEROLCHOLESTEROL

IN HUMAN & ANIMAL TISSUESIN HUMAN & ANIMAL TISSUES– MEAT, FISH, POULTRY, EGGS, & DAIRY MEAT, FISH, POULTRY, EGGS, & DAIRY

PRODUCTSPRODUCTS

PROTEINPROTEIN

COMPLETECOMPLETE– ANIMALANIMAL

MEAT, EGGS & MEAT, EGGS & DAIRY PRODUCTSDAIRY PRODUCTS

INCOMPLETEINCOMPLETE– PLANTPLANT

GRAINS, GRAINS, VEGETABLESVEGETABLES

*AMINO ACIDS*AMINO ACIDS

SODIUMSODIUM

¼ TEASPOON PER DAY¼ TEASPOON PER DAY PROCESSED FOODS-PROCESSED FOODS-

BAKED GOODS, BAKED GOODS, SNACK FOODS, SNACK FOODS, CANNED GOODS, & CANNED GOODS, & LUNCHMEATSLUNCHMEATS

INCREASES BLOOD INCREASES BLOOD PRESSUREPRESSURE– HEART DISEASE, HEART DISEASE,

STROKE, KIDNEY STROKE, KIDNEY FAILUREFAILURE

CALCIUMCALCIUM

3 CUPS3 CUPS NONDAIRY NONDAIRY

SOURCES OF SOURCES OF CALCIUMCALCIUM– GREEN LEAFY GREEN LEAFY

VEGETABLES-VEGETABLES-SPINACH, SPINACH, BROCCOLIBROCCOLI

– CALCIUM-FORTIFIED CALCIUM-FORTIFIED FOODS-BREAD, FOODS-BREAD, CEREAL, OJCEREAL, OJ

IRONIRON

ANEMIA- FEEL TIRED & WEAK ANEMIA- FEEL TIRED & WEAK BECAUSE THERE ARE NOT ENOUGH BECAUSE THERE ARE NOT ENOUGH RED BLOOD CELLS OR HEMOGLOBIN RED BLOOD CELLS OR HEMOGLOBIN TO CARRY OXYGEN AROUND THE TO CARRY OXYGEN AROUND THE BODYBODY

RED MEAT- GOOD SOURCE OF IRONRED MEAT- GOOD SOURCE OF IRON

WATERWATER ONLY LIVE FOR A FEW ONLY LIVE FOR A FEW

DAYS WITHOUT WATERDAYS WITHOUT WATER 60% OF YOUR BODY IS 60% OF YOUR BODY IS

WATERWATER 8 GLASSES A DAY8 GLASSES A DAY 80-90% OF THE WEIGHT 80-90% OF THE WEIGHT

OF MOST FRUITS & OF MOST FRUITS & VEGETABLES IS WATERVEGETABLES IS WATER

HELPS GET RID OF WASTES HELPS GET RID OF WASTES FROM THE BODYFROM THE BODY

REGULATES BODY REGULATES BODY TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE

CARBOHYDRATESCARBOHYDRATES COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

(STARCHES)(STARCHES)– POTATOES, BEANS, PEAS, GRAINS POTATOES, BEANS, PEAS, GRAINS

(RICE, CORN, & WHEAT), PASTA, (RICE, CORN, & WHEAT), PASTA, CEREALSCEREALS digestion of complex carbohydrates digestion of complex carbohydrates

takes longer. The slow absorption of takes longer. The slow absorption of sugars provides us with a steady sugars provides us with a steady supply of energy and limits the supply of energy and limits the amount of sugar converted into fat amount of sugar converted into fat and stored! and stored!

SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES (SUGARS)SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES (SUGARS)

-- CANDY, CAKES, DESSERTS, MILK, HONEY, CANDY, CAKES, DESSERTS, MILK, HONEY,

JUICES, AND FRUITJUICES, AND FRUIT Their rapid absorption increases the Their rapid absorption increases the

chances of sugar converting to fatchances of sugar converting to fat

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Whole GrainsWhole Grains

Whole-wheat flour Whole-wheat flour Bulgur (cracked Bulgur (cracked

wheat) wheat) Oatmeal Oatmeal Whole cornmeal Whole cornmeal Brown rice Brown rice PopcornPopcorn

For a 2000-calorie diet:For a 2000-calorie diet:Grains: 6 ouncesGrains: 6 ounces(½ whole-grain)(½ whole-grain)

1 oz = 1 oz = 1 slice bread1 slice bread

½ cup cooked rice, ½ cup cooked rice, pasta, or cerealpasta, or cereal

1 cup ready to eat 1 cup ready to eat cerealcereal

GLYCOGENGLYCOGEN

EXCESS CARB EXCESS CARB STORAGESTORAGE

HITTING THE HITTING THE

WALLWALL

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Vary Your VeggiesVary Your Veggies

Includes weekly recommendations Includes weekly recommendations for:for:– Dark green vegetablesDark green vegetables– Orange vegetablesOrange vegetables– LegumesLegumes– Starchy vegetablesStarchy vegetables– Other vegetablesOther vegetables

Vegetables: 2½ cups Vegetables: 2½ cups (choose more dark (choose more dark green and orange)green and orange)

½ cup =½ cup =

½ cup raw or cooked ½ cup raw or cooked vegetables vegetables

½ cup cooked ½ cup cooked legumes legumes

½ cup vegetable juice ½ cup vegetable juice 1 cup raw leafy 1 cup raw leafy

vegetables vegetables

For a 2000-calorie diet:For a 2000-calorie diet:

Fruit: 2 cups Fruit: 2 cups (eat a variety) (eat a variety)

½ cup =½ cup =

½ cup fresh, frozen, ½ cup fresh, frozen, or canned fruitor canned fruit1 small fruit1 small fruit

¼ cup dried fruit¼ cup dried fruit½ cup fruit juice½ cup fruit juice

For a 2000-calorie diet:For a 2000-calorie diet:

Milk: 3 cups (choose Milk: 3 cups (choose fat-free or low-fat) fat-free or low-fat)

1 cup =1 cup =

1 cup fat-free milk or 1 cup fat-free milk or yogurtyogurt

1½ oz fat-free 1½ oz fat-free natural cheese natural cheese 2 oz processed 2 oz processed

cheesecheese

For a 2000-calorie diet:

Meat and Bean: 5½ Meat and Bean: 5½ ouncesounces

1 ounce =1 ounce =1 oz cooked lean meat, 1 oz cooked lean meat,

poultry, or fishpoultry, or fish1 egg 1 egg

1 cup cooked legumes1 cup cooked legumes1 tbsp peanut butter1 tbsp peanut butter

½ ounce nuts or seeds½ ounce nuts or seeds

For a 2000-calorie diet:

Oils: 6 teaspoonsOils: 6 teaspoons1 tsp =1 tsp =

1 tbsp low-fat 1 tbsp low-fat mayonnaisemayonnaise

2 tbsp light salad 2 tbsp light salad dressingdressing

1 tsp vegetable oil1 tsp vegetable oil1 tsp soft margarine1 tsp soft margarine

For a 2000-calorie diet:

Limit Discretionary Limit Discretionary (Extra) Calories(Extra) Calories

Solid fatsSolid fats

CandyCandy

SodaSoda

SyrupSyrup

Jams/jelliesJams/jellies

CHAPTER 7.3 KEY TERMSCHAPTER 7.3 KEY TERMS RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES (RDA’S)-RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES (RDA’S)-

RECOMMENDED NUTRIENT INTAKES THAT WILL MEET RECOMMENDED NUTRIENT INTAKES THAT WILL MEET THE NEEDS OF ALMOST ALL HEALTHY PEOPLETHE NEEDS OF ALMOST ALL HEALTHY PEOPLE

DAILY VALUE (DV)-DAILY VALUE (DV)- RECOMMENDED DAILY AMOUNT RECOMMENDED DAILY AMOUNT OF A NUTRIENT; USED ON FOOD LABELS TO HELP OF A NUTRIENT; USED ON FOOD LABELS TO HELP PEOPLE SEE HOW A FOOD FITS INTO THEIR DIETPEOPLE SEE HOW A FOOD FITS INTO THEIR DIET

FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID-FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID- TOOL FOR CHOOSING A TOOL FOR CHOOSING A HEALTHY DIET BY SELECTING A RECOMMENDED HEALTHY DIET BY SELECTING A RECOMMENDED NUMBER OF SERVINGS FROM EACH OF FIVE FOOD NUMBER OF SERVINGS FROM EACH OF FIVE FOOD GROUPSGROUPS

DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS-DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS- SET OF SET OF DIET AND LIFESTYLE RECOMMENDATIONS DEVELOPED DIET AND LIFESTYLE RECOMMENDATIONS DEVELOPED TO IMPROVE HEALTH AND REDUCE NUTRITION-TO IMPROVE HEALTH AND REDUCE NUTRITION-RELATED DISEASE RISK IN THE U.S. POPULATIONRELATED DISEASE RISK IN THE U.S. POPULATION

NUTRITION LABELSNUTRITION LABELS

INGREDIENT LIST- LISTED IN ORDER INGREDIENT LIST- LISTED IN ORDER OF AMOUNTS STARTING WITH THE OF AMOUNTS STARTING WITH THE LARGESTLARGEST

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APPROXIMATE CALORIE APPROXIMATE CALORIE INTAKESINTAKES

15 YEAR OLD 15 YEAR OLD MALES: ABOUT MALES: ABOUT 3,000 3,000

15 YEAR OLD 15 YEAR OLD FEMALES: ABOUT FEMALES: ABOUT 2,3002,300

CHAPTER 7.4 KEY TERMSCHAPTER 7.4 KEY TERMS

NUTRIENT DENSITY- MEASURE OF NUTRIENT DENSITY- MEASURE OF THE NUTRIENTS IN A FOOD THE NUTRIENTS IN A FOOD COMPARED WITH THE ENERGY THE COMPARED WITH THE ENERGY THE FOOD PROVIDESFOOD PROVIDES– EMPTY CALORIESEMPTY CALORIES

VEGETARIAN- DIETARY PATTERN VEGETARIAN- DIETARY PATTERN THAT INCLUDES FEW OR NO ANIMAL THAT INCLUDES FEW OR NO ANIMAL PRODUCTSPRODUCTS

NUTRITION STARTING NUTRITION STARTING YOUNGYOUNG

4-6 MONTHS- SOFT 4-6 MONTHS- SOFT FOODS SUCH AS FOODS SUCH AS CEREALS, PUREED CEREALS, PUREED FRUITS & VEGETABLESFRUITS & VEGETABLES

2 YEARS- FOLLOW THE 2 YEARS- FOLLOW THE RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE FOOD GUIDE OF THE FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID BUT CHOOSE PYRAMID BUT CHOOSE SMALLER SERVINGSSMALLER SERVINGS

Physical Activity Physical Activity Recommendations for Middle and Recommendations for Middle and

High SchoolersHigh Schoolers 60 minutes/day 60 minutes/day – Most activities Most activities

should be should be moderate- or moderate- or vigorous-vigorous-intensityintensity

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Moderate physical activities Moderate physical activities

Walking briskly Walking briskly (about 3½ mph) (about 3½ mph)

Hiking Hiking Dancing Dancing Bicycling (less than Bicycling (less than

10 mph) 10 mph) Weight training Weight training

(general light (general light workout)workout)

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Vigorous physical activitiesVigorous physical activities

Running/jogging (5 mph) Running/jogging (5 mph) Bicycling (more than 10 mph)Bicycling (more than 10 mph) Swimming (freestyle laps) Swimming (freestyle laps) Aerobics Aerobics Walking very fast (4½ mph) Walking very fast (4½ mph) Basketball (competitive) Basketball (competitive)

ATHLETES SPECIAL DIETARY ATHLETES SPECIAL DIETARY NEEDSNEEDS

HIGH IN CARBOHYDRATESHIGH IN CARBOHYDRATES PLENTY OF FLUIDSPLENTY OF FLUIDSRECOMMENDED FLUID RECOMMENDED FLUID

INTAKE FOR ATHLETESINTAKE FOR ATHLETES 2 HOURS BEFORE 2 HOURS BEFORE

ACTIVITY- 2 CUPSACTIVITY- 2 CUPS IMMEDIATELY BEFORE IMMEDIATELY BEFORE

ACTIVITY- 2 CUPSACTIVITY- 2 CUPS EVERY 15 MINUTES EVERY 15 MINUTES

DURING ACTIVITY- 1 CUPDURING ACTIVITY- 1 CUP ***AFTER ACTIVITY- 2-3 ***AFTER ACTIVITY- 2-3

CUPS FOR EVERY POUND CUPS FOR EVERY POUND OF BODY WEIGHT LOSTOF BODY WEIGHT LOST

EATING WELL DURING EATING WELL DURING PREGNANCYPREGNANCY

300- 450 300- 450 ADDITIONAL ADDITIONAL CALORIES CALORIES EACH DAYEACH DAY

HOW MUCH SUGAR IS IN A CAN HOW MUCH SUGAR IS IN A CAN OF SODA???OF SODA???

VEGANSVEGANS DO NOT EAT ANY DO NOT EAT ANY

ANIMAL PRODUCTSANIMAL PRODUCTS LOWER RISK OF LOWER RISK OF

OBESITY, HEART OBESITY, HEART DISEASE, DIABETES, DISEASE, DIABETES, HIGH BLOOD HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, & PRESSURE, & CERTAIN TYPES OF CERTAIN TYPES OF CANCERCANCER

MAY BE LACKING IN MAY BE LACKING IN PROTEIN & CALCIUMPROTEIN & CALCIUM

CHAPTER 8.1 KEY TERMSCHAPTER 8.1 KEY TERMS HUNGER- BODY’S PHYSICAL RESPONSE TO THE HUNGER- BODY’S PHYSICAL RESPONSE TO THE

NEED FOR FOODNEED FOR FOOD APPETITE- DESIRE, RATHER THAN THE NEED, TO APPETITE- DESIRE, RATHER THAN THE NEED, TO

EAT CERTAIN FOODSEAT CERTAIN FOODS BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR)- MINIMUM BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR)- MINIMUM

AMOUNT OF ENERGY REQUIRED TO KEEP THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY REQUIRED TO KEEP THE BODY ALIVE WHEN IN A RESTED & FASTING BODY ALIVE WHEN IN A RESTED & FASTING STATESTATE

OVERWEIGHT- BEING HEAVY FOR ONE’S HEIGHTOVERWEIGHT- BEING HEAVY FOR ONE’S HEIGHT OBESITY- HAVING EXCESS BODY FAT FOR ONE’S OBESITY- HAVING EXCESS BODY FAT FOR ONE’S

WEIGHT; THE STATE OF WEIGHING MORE THAN WEIGHT; THE STATE OF WEIGHING MORE THAN 20 PERCENT ABOVE YOUR RECOMMENDED BODY 20 PERCENT ABOVE YOUR RECOMMENDED BODY WEIGHTWEIGHT

WHAT INFLUENCES YOUR WHAT INFLUENCES YOUR FOOD CHOICES???FOOD CHOICES???

ADSADS

EXCESS EXCESS EXCESS EXCESS EXCESSEXCESS

CARBSCARBS FATFAT PROTEINPROTEIN

GLYCOGENGLYCOGEN BODY FATBODY FAT

ENERGY BALANCEENERGY BALANCE

AMOUNT OF AMOUNT OF FOOD ENERGY FOOD ENERGY TAKEN IN IS TAKEN IN IS EQUAL TO THE EQUAL TO THE AMOUNT OF AMOUNT OF ENERGY YOU ENERGY YOU USE.USE.

BEING OVERWEIGHT CAN BEING OVERWEIGHT CAN CAUSE MANY HEALTH CAUSE MANY HEALTH

PROBLEMSPROBLEMS HEART DISEASE & HEART DISEASE &

HIGH BLOOD HIGH BLOOD PRESSUREPRESSURE

CERTAIN FORMS OF CERTAIN FORMS OF CANCER, INCLUDING CANCER, INCLUDING PROSTATE, COLON, & PROSTATE, COLON, & BREAST CANCERBREAST CANCER

TYPE 2 DIABETESTYPE 2 DIABETES SLEEPING PROBLEMS SLEEPING PROBLEMS

SUCH AS SLEEP APNEASUCH AS SLEEP APNEA

OVERWEIGHT AMERICAOVERWEIGHT AMERICA

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CHAPTER 8.2 KEY TERMSCHAPTER 8.2 KEY TERMS HEREDITY- PASSING DOWN OF TRAITS FROM HEREDITY- PASSING DOWN OF TRAITS FROM

PARENTS TO THEIR BIOLOGICAL CHILDRENPARENTS TO THEIR BIOLOGICAL CHILDREN BODY COMPOSITION- PROPORTION OF BODY BODY COMPOSITION- PROPORTION OF BODY

WEIGHT THAT IS MADE UP OF FAT TISSUE WEIGHT THAT IS MADE UP OF FAT TISSUE COMPARED TO LEAN TISSUECOMPARED TO LEAN TISSUE

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)- INDEX OF WEIGHT IN BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)- INDEX OF WEIGHT IN RELATION TO HEIGHT THAT IS USED TO ASSESS RELATION TO HEIGHT THAT IS USED TO ASSESS HEALTHY BODY WEIGHTHEALTHY BODY WEIGHT

WEIGHT MANAGEMENT- PROGRAM OF SENSIBLE WEIGHT MANAGEMENT- PROGRAM OF SENSIBLE EATING AND EXERCISE HABITS THAT KEEP EATING AND EXERCISE HABITS THAT KEEP WEIGHT AT A HEALTHY LEVELWEIGHT AT A HEALTHY LEVEL

FAD DIET- DIET THAT REQUIRES A MAJOR FAD DIET- DIET THAT REQUIRES A MAJOR CHANGE IN EATING HABITS AND PROMISES QUICK CHANGE IN EATING HABITS AND PROMISES QUICK WEIGHT LOSSWEIGHT LOSS

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

BMI= WEIGHT BMI= WEIGHT (LB) / HEIGHT (LB) / HEIGHT (IN.) / HEIGHT (IN.) (IN.) / HEIGHT (IN.) X 703X 703

200 / 72 / 72 X 703 200 / 72 / 72 X 703 = 27.12= 27.12

Healthy Weight: Assessing Your Weight: BodHealthy Weight: Assessing Your Weight: Body Mass Index (BMI) | DNPAO | CDCy Mass Index (BMI) | DNPAO | CDC

DANGEROUS WEIGHT LOSS DANGEROUS WEIGHT LOSS PRACTICESPRACTICES

FAD DIETSFAD DIETS DIET PILLSDIET PILLS SURGERYSURGERY

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TYPES OF DIETS & DIET TYPES OF DIETS & DIET PRODUCTSPRODUCTS

VERY LOW CARBOHYDRATE DIETSVERY LOW CARBOHYDRATE DIETS LIQUID FORMULASLIQUID FORMULAS STIMULANTSSTIMULANTS FASTINGFASTING DIURETICS (WATER PILLS)DIURETICS (WATER PILLS)

Eating Disorders

8.3 KEY TERMS8.3 KEY TERMS BODY IMAGE- HOW YOU SEE AND FEEL ABOUT YOUR BODY IMAGE- HOW YOU SEE AND FEEL ABOUT YOUR

APPEARANCE AND HOW COMFORTABLE YOU ARE WITH APPEARANCE AND HOW COMFORTABLE YOU ARE WITH YOUR BODYYOUR BODY

ANOREXIA NERVOSA- EATING DISORDER THAT INVOLVES ANOREXIA NERVOSA- EATING DISORDER THAT INVOLVES SELF-STARVATION, A DISTORTED BODY IMAGE AND LOW SELF-STARVATION, A DISTORTED BODY IMAGE AND LOW BODY WEIGHTBODY WEIGHT

BULIMIA NERVOSA- EATING DISORDER IN WHICH THE BULIMIA NERVOSA- EATING DISORDER IN WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL REPEATEDLY EATS LARGE AMOUNTS OF FOOD INDIVIDUAL REPEATEDLY EATS LARGE AMOUNTS OF FOOD & THEN USES BEHAVIORS SUCH AS VOMITING OR USING & THEN USES BEHAVIORS SUCH AS VOMITING OR USING LAXATIVES TO RID THE BODY OF FOODLAXATIVES TO RID THE BODY OF FOOD

BINGE EATING/ BINGEING- EATING A LARGE AMOUNT OF BINGE EATING/ BINGEING- EATING A LARGE AMOUNT OF FOOD IN ONE SITTING USUALLY ACCOMPANIED BY A FOOD IN ONE SITTING USUALLY ACCOMPANIED BY A FEELING OF BEING OUT OF CONTROLFEELING OF BEING OUT OF CONTROL

PURGING- ENGAGING IN BEHAVIORS SUCH AS VOMITING OR PURGING- ENGAGING IN BEHAVIORS SUCH AS VOMITING OR MISUSING LAXATIVES TO RID THE BODY OF FOODMISUSING LAXATIVES TO RID THE BODY OF FOOD

What are eating disorders?What are eating disorders?

Conditions that Conditions that involve an involve an unhealthy degree unhealthy degree of concern about of concern about body weight & body weight & shape & that may shape & that may lead to efforts to lead to efforts to control weight by control weight by unhealthy means.unhealthy means.

3 types of eating disorders3 types of eating disorders

Bulimia nervosaBulimia nervosa Anorexia nervosaAnorexia nervosa Binge eating disorderBinge eating disorder

Bulimia nervosa:Bulimia nervosa: the diet- the diet-binge-purge disorderbinge-purge disorder

Person binge eats. Person binge eats. Feels out of control while eating.Feels out of control while eating. Vomits, misuses laxatives, exercises, orVomits, misuses laxatives, exercises, or

fasts to get rid of the calories. fasts to get rid of the calories. Diets when not bingeing. Becomes hungry Diets when not bingeing. Becomes hungry

and binges again. and binges again. Preoccupation with body weight.Preoccupation with body weight. Blood shot eyes & sore throatBlood shot eyes & sore throat Dental problemsDental problems Depression & mood swingsDepression & mood swings Weight may be normal or near normal Weight may be normal or near normal

unless anorexia is also present. unless anorexia is also present.

Anorexia nervosaAnorexia nervosa:: the the relentless pursuit of relentless pursuit of

thinnessthinness Intense fear of weight gainIntense fear of weight gain Self starvationSelf starvation Over-exercisingOver-exercising Preferring to eat alonePreferring to eat alone Preoccupied with caloriesPreoccupied with calories Extreme weight lossExtreme weight loss Loss of menstrual periods for at least 3 Loss of menstrual periods for at least 3

monthsmonths Hair loss on headHair loss on head Depression & anxietyDepression & anxiety Weakness & exhaustionWeakness & exhaustion

Binge eating disorder:Binge eating disorder:

Above normal body weightAbove normal body weight Bingeing episodes accompanied by Bingeing episodes accompanied by

feelings of guilt, shame, & loss of feelings of guilt, shame, & loss of controlcontrol

Treatments for eating Treatments for eating disordersdisorders

Psychological counselingPsychological counseling Nutritional counselingNutritional counseling Medical counselingMedical counseling Family counselingFamily counseling

Dangers of eating disordersDangers of eating disorders Hair lossHair loss Dental problemsDental problems Broken blood vessels in the face & eyesBroken blood vessels in the face & eyes Dry, scaly skinDry, scaly skin Severe dehydrationSevere dehydration Loss of menstrual period in femalesLoss of menstrual period in females Low bone densityLow bone density Heart irregularityHeart irregularity Organ failureOrgan failure DeathDeath

What sports are eating What sports are eating disorders most common in???disorders most common in???

Athletes and Eating Athletes and Eating DisordersDisorders

Athletes tend to be highly competitive, Athletes tend to be highly competitive, high-achieving, and self-disciplined, which high-achieving, and self-disciplined, which can lead to the development of an eating can lead to the development of an eating disorder when these qualities are taken to disorder when these qualities are taken to the extremethe extreme

Athletes in sports emphasizing appearance Athletes in sports emphasizing appearance and a lean body are at higher risk than and a lean body are at higher risk than those in sports requiring muscle mass and those in sports requiring muscle mass and bulkbulk

Female athletes at a higher risk due to Female athletes at a higher risk due to social pressures and naturally higher social pressures and naturally higher percentages of body fat than menpercentages of body fat than men

Transition from wanting to lose weight and Transition from wanting to lose weight and get fit to a loss of control: binging, purging, get fit to a loss of control: binging, purging, starvation, frantic compulsive exercisestarvation, frantic compulsive exercise

Reasons people develop eating Reasons people develop eating disordersdisorders

Influences from society and cultureInfluences from society and culture Pressure due to sports, dance, etc.Pressure due to sports, dance, etc. Family environmentFamily environment

– Those with disorders often come from families Those with disorders often come from families preoccupied with image, dietingpreoccupied with image, dieting

– Over 25% of those with anorexia have a relative with an Over 25% of those with anorexia have a relative with an eating disordereating disorder

Severe trauma or stressSevere trauma or stress Biological factors: Biological factors:

– Inheriting tendency to be more likely to overreact to Inheriting tendency to be more likely to overreact to stressstress

– Serotonin in brain altered by disease and may contribute Serotonin in brain altered by disease and may contribute to persistence of disorder to persistence of disorder

Athletes and Eating Athletes and Eating DisordersDisorders

Risks of injury are greater among athletes Risks of injury are greater among athletes who have an eating disorder—for example, who have an eating disorder—for example, stress fracturesstress fractures

““Female athlete triad”Female athlete triad”– Disordered eatingDisordered eating– Amenorrhea—stopping of menstrual periodsAmenorrhea—stopping of menstrual periods– Osteopenia—mild bone loss that can lead to Osteopenia—mild bone loss that can lead to

osteoporosisosteoporosis

Celebrities with eating Celebrities with eating disordersdisorders