Chapter 7 Early China
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Chapter 7 Early China. Early China. Click the speaker button to play the audio. China’s First Civilizations. China’s Geography. Huang He, or the Yellow River, flows for more than 2,900 miles across China . . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Chapter 7 Early China
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Chapter 7
Early China
Chapter 7
Early China
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Early China
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China’s Geography
• Huang He, or the Yellow River, flows for more than 2,900 miles across China.
• Chang Jiang, or the Yangtze River, is about 3,400 miles long and flows across central China.
(pages 225–226)
China’s First Civilizations
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The Zhou Dynasty
(pages 229–231)
• The Zhou dynasty ruled longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history.
China’s First Civilizations
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What is a dynasty?
A dynasty is a line of rulers who belong to the same family.
China’s First Civilizations
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Life in Ancient China
• Chinese society had three main social classes: aristocrats, farmers, and merchants.
• Aristocrats grew rich from farmers who grew crops on the land the aristocrats owned.
• A social class includes people who share a similar position in society.
(pages 232–235)
Life in Ancient China
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Life in Ancient China (cont.)
• Farmers paid aristocrats with part of their crops.
• Merchants were in the lowest class.
• Most Chinese people were farmers.
• They grew rich but were still looked down on by aristocrats and farmers.
• Chinese families were large, and children were expected to work on farms.
Life in Ancient China
(pages 232–235)
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Life in Ancient China (cont.)
• Men were considered more important than women in Chinese society.
• Men went to school, ran the government, and fought wars.
• Filial piety means children had to respect parents and elders.
• Women raised children and managed their households.
Life in Ancient China
(pages 232–235)
Life in Ancient China (cont.)
A Chinese village.
Life in Ancient China
(pages 232–235)
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Chinese Thinkers
(pages 235–239)
• Confucius was a great thinker and teacher, who believed that people needed a sense of duty to be good.
• Confucianism taught that all men with a talent for government should take part in government.
Life in Ancient China
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Emperor Qin Shihuangdi (cont.)
The Qin and Han Dynasties
• The Great Wall of China was built to protect the Chinese from the Mongols, a nomadic people living north of China.
(pages 241–242)
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The Han Dynasty
• Civil service examinations began when Han Wudi started testing potential government employees.
(pages 244–246)
The Qin and Han Dynasties
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The Han Dynasty (cont.)
• Farmers sold their land to aristocrats and became tenant farmers to survive.
• Farmers had to divide their land among more and more sons, which left them with very little land.
The Qin and Han Dynasties
• That one test determined the rest of their lives forever!!!
• Students prepared for many years to take the exams.
(pages 244–246)
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The Han Dynasty (cont.)
• The Chinese invented many new products during the Han dynasty, such as the waterwheel, the rudder, drill bits, steel, and paper.
• Chinese doctors began practicing acupuncture, the practice of easing pain by sticking needles into patients’ skin.
The Qin and Han Dynasties
(pages 244–246)
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The Silk Road
• The Silk Road was an overland trade route extended from western China to southwest Asia.
• Silk was the most valuable trade product.
(pages 246–247)
The Qin and Han Dynasties
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Major Changes in China
• Buddhism spread from India to China.
(page 248)
• Civil war began, and nomads invaded the country before the government collapsed.
• Buddhism helped people cope with the chaotic times.
The Qin and Han Dynasties
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The Qin and Han Dynasties
What were civil service examinations and why were they created?
Civil service examinations were long, difficult tests used to qualify people for jobs in the government bureaucracy. They were used to find the best and most talented people.
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What was the purpose of the Silk Road?
to carry Chinese goods to other areas—as far as Greece and Rome
Early China
Section 3 The Qin and Han Dynasties
Review Main Ideas
The Great Wall of China stretches more than 4,000 miles from east to west across China. Today, sections of the Great Wall are deteriorating from natural erosion.
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551- 479 B.C.Confucius
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Qin Shihuangdi c. 259-210 B.C.
