Chapter 7 “Becoming a World Power”. Section 1 “The Imperialist Vision”
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Transcript of Chapter 7 “Becoming a World Power”. Section 1 “The Imperialist Vision”
Chapter 7“Becoming a World
Power”
Section 1“The Imperialist Vision”
Building Support for Imperialism
• A Desire for New Markets– Imperialism– Protectorate
Building Support for Imperialism
• A Feeling of Superiority– John Fiske
• Anglo-Saxonism
Building Support for Imperialism
• Building a Modern Navy– Problem in Samoa– Problem in Chile– Problem in British
Guiana
Building Support for Imperialism
• Building a Modern Navy– Captain Alfred T. Mahan
• The Influence of Sea Powers upon History, 1660-1783
• The U.S. builds a very strong navy to protect their interests.
American Expansion in the Pacific
• Perry Opens Japan– Commodore Matthew C.
Perry• Enters Japan with 4
American warships• Japan starts to trade with
the U.S.
American Expansion in the Pacific
• Perry Opens Japan– Annexing Hawaii
• Queen Liliuokalani is overthrown by planters along with U.S. help.
Diplomacy in Latin America
• Pan-Americanism
Section 2The Spanish-American War
The Coming of War
• The Cuban Rebellion Begins– Cuba is one of Spain’s
oldest colonies in the Americas
– Sugar grown in Cuba generates lots of wealth for Spain
– In 1868, Cuban rebels declare their independence.• Jose Marti is one of their
leaders.
The Coming of War
• The Cuban Rebellion Begins– The U.S. has over $50
million invested in Cuba’s economy.
– The U.S. imposes a tariff on sugar that devastates Cuba’s economy.
– In 1895, a new rebellion starts and Marti is killed.
The Coming of War
• America Supports Cuba– 2 major newspapers
report Spanish atrocities• William Randolph Hearst• Joseph Pulitzer
The Coming of War
• America Supports Cuba– Yellow journalism– Tens of thousands of
Cubans are killed
The Coming of War
• Calls for War– McKinley warns if the
conflict doesn’t end soon, the U.S. will intervene.
– Spain offers Cuba autonomy.
– USS Maine is sent to protect Americans in Cuba.• USS Maine sinks and Spain
is blamed• Jingoism
A War on Two Fronts
• The Battle of Manila Bay– Admiral Dewey surprises
the Spanish Navy with 4 warships and sinks all 8 of Spain’s ships
– America seizes Guam– Emilio Aguinaldo
A War on Two Fronts
• American Forces in Cuba– Theodore Roosevelt and
the Rough Riders
An American Empire
• The Debate over Annexation– Dec. 1898: the U.S. and
Spain sign the Treaty of Paris• Cuba is independent• U.S. gets Guam, Puerto
Rico, and pays Spain $20 million for the Philippines
An American Empire• The Platt Amendment
– Cuba couldn’t make any treaty with another nation that would weaken its independence.
– Cuba had to allow the U.S. to buy or lease naval stations in Cuba.
– Cuba’s debts had to be kept low to prevent foreign countries from landing troops to enforce payment.
– The U.S. should have the right to intervene to protect Cuban independence and keep order.
An American Empire
• Governing Puerto Rico– Foraker Act establishes a
civil government for the island
An American Empire• Rebellion in the
Philippines
Section 3New American Diplomacy
American Diplomacy in Asia
• The Open Door Policy– War erupts between
China and Japan over Korea in 1894• Japan gets Korea and part
of Manchuria
American Diplomacy in Asia
• The Open Door Policy– Sphere of influence
• Russia, Germany, and France force Japan to return Manchuria.
• Russia demands that China lease Manchuria to them.
• Germany, France, and Britain all soon demanded that China lease Manchuria to them.
American Diplomacy in Asia
• The Open Door Policy
American Diplomacy in Asia
• The Boxer Rebellion– Society of Harmonious
Fists
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
• Election of 1900 was McKinley against William Jennings Bryan– McKinley chooses war
hero Theodore Roosevelt as his running mate.
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
• McKinley is assassinated and Roosevelt becomes President– Roosevelt is the
youngest President ever at the age of 42.
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
• Balancing Power in East Asia
• The Panama Canal– “Speak softly and carry a
big stick”– Acquiring the Canal Zone
• France begins digging the canal but cannot finish.
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
• The Panama Canal– U.S. helps Panama
gain their independence from Colombia.
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
• The Roosevelt Corollary
Taft’s Diplomacy
• Dollar Diplomacy
Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico
• The Mexican Revolution– Diaz rules Mexico as a
dictator.– Francisco Madero leads
a revolution.– Victoriano Huerta seizes
power and Madero is murdered.
Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico
• Wilson sends troops into Mexico– Pancho Villa