Chapter 7
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Transcript of Chapter 7
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PROBLEMS FOR FARMERS, CORRUPT POLITICS, AND
JAMES K. VARDAMAN
Chapter 7
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Problems for Small Farmers
In 1907, the boll weevil invaded Mississippi.
Boll weevil: small beetle that attacks the bolls where cotton fibers are formed.
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Problems for Small Farmers
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Problems for Small Farmers
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Problems for Small Farmers
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Problems for Small Farmers
Farmers also suffered from falling cotton prices.
Prices dropped from 18 – 20 cents per pound down to 11 cents per pound.
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Problems for Small Farmers
Farmers were also suffering from high tariffs.
Republicans in Washington favored businessmen over farmers.
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Problems for Small Farmers
Farmers also suffered from the gold standard.
Gold standard: Policy that stated that only gold would be used to give paper money its value.
These issues will lead to a national political revolt among farmers.
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Mississippi Farmers’ Alliance
The Mississippi Farmers’ Alliance was an organization designed to help small farmers.
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Mississippi Farmers’ Alliance
Frank Burkitt was chosen to lead this organization.
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Mississippi Farmers’ Alliance
The Alliance supported the Sub-Treasury Plan.
Sub-Treasury Plan: A plan designed to help farmers with credit and with storing surplus crops.
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Mississippi Farmers’ Alliance
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Mississippi Farmers’ Alliance
Ethelbert Barksdale was endorsed by farmers for senator.
He supported farmersHe supported the Sub-Treasury Plan
He lost because the legislature voted at the time, not the voters.
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Mississippi Farmers’ Alliance
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Mississippi People’s Party
Frank Burkitt formed the People’s party as an outlet for small farmers.
Populists: supporters of the People’s party.
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Populism
Populism: a political doctrine that appeals to the interests and conceptions of the general people.
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Mississippi People’s Party
Demands of the Populists:Tariff reformGraduated income taxRegulation of railroadsThe use of silver as moneyDirect election of senators
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Mississippi People’s Party
Frank Burkitt ran for governor in 1891 as a Populist.
He lost because Democrats spread a rumor that he would allow black political power if elected.
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Political Corruption
Patronage: appointing people to positions as a reward for political support.
Political “bosses” dominated political partiesVoting fraud was commonCampaigns and debates were more entertaining
then informative
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James K. Vardaman
James K. Vardaman was elected governor in 1903. He supported the poor, white, farming population of Mississippi.
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James K. Vardaman
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James K. Vardaman
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James K. Vardaman
The Positive:Improved conditions for prisonersIncreased funding for schools (white schools)
Regulated railroads and insurance
Favored farmers over big business
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James K. Vardaman
The negative:RacistStated that it was a waste of the state’s money to educate black children.