Chapter 7-3Chapter 7-3

Napoleon Forges an EmpireNapoleon Forges an Empire

Goals and objectives:Goals and objectives:

Upon completion students should be able to:Upon completion students should be able to:

1)1) Explain how Napoleon came to power.Explain how Napoleon came to power.

2)2) Summarize how Napoleon restored order in Summarize how Napoleon restored order in FranceFrance

3)3) Describe the extent and weaknesses of Describe the extent and weaknesses of Napoleon’s empire.Napoleon’s empire.

I)I) Napoleon Grasps the PowerNapoleon Grasps the Power

- Napoleon was recognized as one of the world’s Napoleon was recognized as one of the world’s greatest military geniuses and deeply impacted greatest military geniuses and deeply impacted the western world. the western world.

- Napoleon BonaparteNapoleon Bonaparte was born in 1769 in was born in 1769 in Corsica went to military school at age 9.Corsica went to military school at age 9.

Making a name for himselfMaking a name for himself

- He joined army of the new government at He joined army of the new government at the start of the revolution.the start of the revolution.

- He made a name for himself by defeating He made a name for himself by defeating royalists on a march at the National royalists on a march at the National Assembly.Assembly.

I)I) Napoleon Grasps the PowerNapoleon Grasps the Power

- In 1796 the Directory appointed Napoleon to In 1796 the Directory appointed Napoleon to lead the French army and he won key battles to lead the French army and he won key battles to save the French Republicsave the French Republic

- He became hero for defending France against He became hero for defending France against Austria and Sardinia forcesAustria and Sardinia forces

Napoleon takes powerNapoleon takes power

- Upon his return from Egypt in 1799, Napoleon , with the Upon his return from Egypt in 1799, Napoleon , with the help of his wife Josephine, seized political control from help of his wife Josephine, seized political control from the Directory (the Directory (coup d’etatcoup d’etat) )

- Napoleon quickly set up dictatorship.Napoleon quickly set up dictatorship.- Eventually Napoleon’s successes on the battlefield led to Eventually Napoleon’s successes on the battlefield led to

peace in Europe, and he focused on restoring order in peace in Europe, and he focused on restoring order in France.France.

II) Napoleon Rules FranceII) Napoleon Rules France

- Napoleon in 1800 set up a Napoleon in 1800 set up a plebiscite plebiscite or vote of or vote of the people to try to create the image of being a the people to try to create the image of being a freely elected dictator.freely elected dictator.

- Napoleon gained power when voters approved Napoleon gained power when voters approved the 4the 4thth constitution in 8 years, giving all power to constitution in 8 years, giving all power to Napoleon as 1Napoleon as 1stst counsel. counsel.

Napoleon as administratorNapoleon as administrator

Napoleon supported the ideas of the revolution Napoleon supported the ideas of the revolution and created a strong central government.and created a strong central government.

Napoleon also created a centralized tax system Napoleon also created a centralized tax system and national bank while making the government and national bank while making the government more efficient free of corruption.more efficient free of corruption.

He created a system of public schools known as He created a system of public schools known as lycees.lycees.

Napoleon Rules FranceNapoleon Rules France

- Napoleon signed a Napoleon signed a concordatconcordat (agreement) with (agreement) with Pope Pius VII starting a new relationship with Pope Pius VII starting a new relationship with the church. the church.

- The government would appoint bishops but the The government would appoint bishops but the bishops would appoint the parish priests.bishops would appoint the parish priests.

The Napoleonic CodesThe Napoleonic Codes- Napoleon thought his greatest achievement was the Napoleon thought his greatest achievement was the

publishing of his comprehensive systems of laws know publishing of his comprehensive systems of laws know as the as the Napoleonic Code. Napoleonic Code.

- The code eliminated many injustices, but it took away The code eliminated many injustices, but it took away some rights and restored slavery.some rights and restored slavery.

- Napoleon gave France order and stability, and crowned Napoleon gave France order and stability, and crowned himself as emperor of France, taking the crown from the himself as emperor of France, taking the crown from the Pope and placing it on his own head.Pope and placing it on his own head.

III) Napoleon Creates an EmpireIII) Napoleon Creates an Empire

- Napoleon was not satisfied being the head of Napoleon was not satisfied being the head of France, he wanted to control all of Europe France, he wanted to control all of Europe making France the power in the world.making France the power in the world.

- Napoleon unsuccessfully sold the Louisiana Napoleon unsuccessfully sold the Louisiana Territory to the United States for $15 millionTerritory to the United States for $15 million

- Napoleon abandoned his imperial ambitions in Napoleon abandoned his imperial ambitions in the New World and turned his attention to the New World and turned his attention to Europe.Europe.

- Fearful of Napoleon’s ambitions, Britain Fearful of Napoleon’s ambitions, Britain persuaded Russia, Austria, and Sweden to ally persuaded Russia, Austria, and Sweden to ally against France.against France.

Napoleon Creates an EmpireNapoleon Creates an Empire

- Napoleon met this challenge with his usual boldness, Napoleon met this challenge with his usual boldness, and in a series of brilliant battles crushed the opposition.and in a series of brilliant battles crushed the opposition.

- Eventually the rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia all Eventually the rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia all signed peace treaties with France, and Napoleon built signed peace treaties with France, and Napoleon built the largest European empire since the Romans.the largest European empire since the Romans.

- Although he conquered much of Europe, but his navy Although he conquered much of Europe, but his navy was defeated by the British in the was defeated by the British in the Battle of TrafalgarBattle of Trafalgar..

- Napoleon’s power made conquered people more Napoleon’s power made conquered people more conscious of their own national loyalty. (conscious of their own national loyalty. (nationalismnationalism))