CHAPTER 6: THE AGE OF JEFFERSON. SECTION 1: THE REPUBLICANS TAKE POWER ELECTION OF 1800...
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Transcript of CHAPTER 6: THE AGE OF JEFFERSON. SECTION 1: THE REPUBLICANS TAKE POWER ELECTION OF 1800...
CHAPTER 6:THE AGE OF JEFFERSON
SECTION 1: THE REPUBLICANS TAKE POWER
ELECTION OF 1800
JEFFERSON(Burr) ADAMS(Pinckney)
Election Deadlock House Decides
• Burr & Jefferson tied with 73 votes– JEFFERSON SELECTED PRES–Burr becomes VP
• 12th Amendment—1804requires electors to vote for Pres & VP on separate ballots
Jefferson’s Inauguration
Goals:1) Wise Government2) Support States3) Reduce power & size of Federal Government
LAISSEZ-FAIRE Philosophy—”let people do as they choose”
JEFFERSON’S POLICIES
• Scaled down military spending
• Secretary of Treasury—Albert Gallatin (PA)–Reduced national debt
MARBURY V. MADISON--1803• Midnight Judges appointed by Adams– Jefferson Blocked Appointments Marbury Sued
• Chief Justice John Marshall created judicial review–Constitution is Supreme Law of land–Courts determine Constitutionality of laws– Extended power of S.C. & Federal government
SECTION 2: LOUISIANA PURCHASE• American settlers moved west over
Appalachian Mountains—PIONEERS• CONESTOGA WAGONS—Rifles & Axes
Louisiana Territory• Owned by Spain but American farmers could
trade in New Orleans Vital for Western Farmers to trade crops
• 1802 Spain changes policy & land sold to France
FRENCH THREAT
• Napoleon wanted to use Santo Domingo as Caribbean naval base
• Slave/Worker led rebellion successful
• Haiti declared an independent republic -1803
LA PURCHASE--1803Jefferson sent people to purchase New OrleansFrance sells whole LA territory for $15 Million:
LEGAL?
LA PURCHASE• Doubled Size of USA
• Provide cheap & abundant land for farmers• Natural resources & forts
LEWIS & CLARK EXPEDITION• Scientific Venture• Left St. Louis in 1804—via Missouri River • Traveled 18 months & 4,000 miles to reach the
Pacific Ocean• Sacagawea guided travel• Inspired people to move West
Pike’s Expeditions
• Pike explored Great Plains & Rocky Mts.• Pike’s Peak, Colorado
FEDERALISTS PLAN SECESSION
• Federalists opposed LA purchase– Feared territory would become Republican
• Wanted a “New England Confederacy”–Needed NY too
1804 ELECTIONRepublicans choose Jefferson but
not Burr
Burr runs for NY Governor–Hamilton against Burr costs
Burr the election–Burr challenges Hamilton to a
duel–Burr shoots & mortally
wounds Hamilton
SECTION 3: DAILY LIFE IN EARLY AMERICA
American Culture
• Growth of Population & Prosperity• Growth of Nationalism & Democracy
2nd GREAT AWAKENING• Equality before
God• Gave people a
purpose to improve themselves & society
• Converted African-Americans to Christianity
AMERICAN MUSIC• BANJOS & PIANOS• STEPHEN FOSTER
Songwriter
AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE
CLASSIC GREEK & ROMAN STYLES
JEFFERSON’SMONTICELLO
AMERICAN LITERATURE• American settings & characters• Strong, Brave, Honorable Characters• Theme appreciation of nature
A RURAL NATION
• NORTH—farmers & artisans –BIG PORT CITIES—RISE IN INDUSTRY–GAP BETWEEN RICH & POOR MIDDLE CLASS
• SOUTH—plantations/slavery/cotton– FEWER TOWNS & CITIES
WESTWARD MOVEMENT• Rich Soil/Cheap Land for Farmers
• Difficult Life/Conflicts with Natives