Chapter 5Chapter 5Statehood and Statehood and

SettlementSettlement

Lesson 1Lesson 1Becoming a StateBecoming a State

Mississippi TerritoryMississippi Territory In 1798, the U.S. Congress created In 1798, the U.S. Congress created

the Mississippi Territory. It included the Mississippi Territory. It included the land in Mississippi and Alabama the land in Mississippi and Alabama today. Many new settlers came after today. Many new settlers came after wars in the 1800’s. They took land wars in the 1800’s. They took land from the Native Americans. from the Native Americans.

SquatterSquatter A A squattersquatter is a person who settles is a person who settles

on land without any right to do so. on land without any right to do so. People hoped this would allow them People hoped this would allow them to own the land when it went up for to own the land when it went up for sale.sale.

Land SpeculatorsLand Speculators A land speculator is a person A land speculator is a person

who buys land very cheaply and who buys land very cheaply and then sells it for a higher price.then sells it for a higher price.

Land speculators outside of their office

Steps to StatehoodSteps to Statehood The land that is Alabama was part of the The land that is Alabama was part of the

Mississippi Territory.Mississippi Territory. Mississippi became their own state and the Mississippi became their own state and the

land that is Alabama today became the land that is Alabama today became the Alabama territory.Alabama territory.

William Wyatt Bibb became governor of William Wyatt Bibb became governor of the Alabama Territory.the Alabama Territory.

A legislature was formed in the AL A legislature was formed in the AL territory. They met in 1818 and discussed territory. They met in 1818 and discussed the steps Alabama could take to become a the steps Alabama could take to become a state since there were already 60,000 state since there were already 60,000 people living in the territory.people living in the territory.

Steps to StatehoodSteps to Statehood After having 60,000 people, the legislature sent a After having 60,000 people, the legislature sent a

petitionpetition, or request to Congress., or request to Congress. Congress approved our petition and passed an Congress approved our petition and passed an

enabling act that enabled Alabama to become a enabling act that enabled Alabama to become a state.state.

This enabling act required the Alabama Territory to This enabling act required the Alabama Territory to hold a constitutional convention.hold a constitutional convention.

Delegates met at the convention and wrote a Delegates met at the convention and wrote a constitution.constitution.

We also had to survey and map out Alabama’s land.We also had to survey and map out Alabama’s land. President Monroe signed the papers and we became President Monroe signed the papers and we became

a state on December 14, 1819.a state on December 14, 1819.

Steps to StatehoodSteps to Statehood

The Alabama Territory governor William The Alabama Territory governor William Wyatt Bibb becomes the first governor Wyatt Bibb becomes the first governor of Alabama. He died and his brother of Alabama. He died and his brother Thomas Bibb became governor.Thomas Bibb became governor.

The first capital was Huntsville, then The first capital was Huntsville, then Cahaba, Tuscaloosa, and finally Cahaba, Tuscaloosa, and finally Montgomery.Montgomery.

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Alabama Experience: From Territory to State

Lesson 2Lesson 2Life in AlabamaLife in Alabama

Why Alabama?Why Alabama?

Settlers chose Alabama because of Settlers chose Alabama because of the warm climate, rich soil, and long the warm climate, rich soil, and long growing season.growing season.

Most settlers did not have much Most settlers did not have much money and wanted cheap land to money and wanted cheap land to grow food. Many wanted to make grow food. Many wanted to make money by growing cotton. Many money by growing cotton. Many people moved by rivers and to the people moved by rivers and to the Black Belt.Black Belt.

Native American Native American RemovalRemoval As settlers moved to Alabama, they continued to As settlers moved to Alabama, they continued to

take land away from the Native Americans. take land away from the Native Americans. Many Native Americans fought back. Many Native Americans fought back. A Creek leader, William McIntosh, sold Creek lands A Creek leader, William McIntosh, sold Creek lands

west of the Mississippi River so he wouldn’t have west of the Mississippi River so he wouldn’t have to fight. McIntosh broke a Creek law and he was to fight. McIntosh broke a Creek law and he was killed.killed.

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 forced all Native The Indian Removal Act of 1830 forced all Native Americans east of the Mississippi River to move Americans east of the Mississippi River to move west to “Indian Territory.”west to “Indian Territory.”

The forced westward movement of the Cherokee The forced westward movement of the Cherokee became known as the Trail of Tears. Many Native became known as the Trail of Tears. Many Native Americans died of hunger, disease, and Americans died of hunger, disease, and exhaustion.exhaustion.http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=CC784D90-EC

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Indian Removal Act

Native American RemovalNative American Removal

Early Alabamians’ LivesEarly Alabamians’ Lives Families cleared the land, built cabins, and Families cleared the land, built cabins, and

planted corn.planted corn. Most families lived far from neighbors.Most families lived far from neighbors. House raisings were held so that everyone House raisings were held so that everyone

could help each other out and get to know could help each other out and get to know each other.each other.

Many settlers enjoyed dancing, singing, and Many settlers enjoyed dancing, singing, and storytelling.storytelling.

Most children were educated at home.Most children were educated at home. Alabama had two Alabama had two academiesacademies, or schools , or schools

above the elementary level.above the elementary level.

Lesson 3Lesson 3Alabama’s Economy Alabama’s Economy

GrowsGrows

A Growing EconomyA Growing Economy An economy is a system for An economy is a system for

managing, producing, and delivering managing, producing, and delivering goods and services. Rich soil, rivers, goods and services. Rich soil, rivers, and other resources helped our and other resources helped our economy grow.economy grow.

Alabama’s main crops were corn and Alabama’s main crops were corn and cotton.cotton.

StapleStaple A staple is a food product that is A staple is a food product that is

used and needed all the time. used and needed all the time. Corn is an example of a staple.Corn is an example of a staple. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?ghttp://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?g

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United Streaming-CornUnited Streaming-Corn

Cash CropCash Crop A cash crop is a crop grown to be A cash crop is a crop grown to be

sold rather than used by the people sold rather than used by the people who grow it. who grow it.

Cotton was a cash crop.Cotton was a cash crop. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?

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United Streaming-Growing CottonUnited Streaming-Growing Cotton

Cotton GinCotton Gin Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin that Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin that

separates the cotton from its seeds. It separates the cotton from its seeds. It cleaned cotton faster than by hand. cleaned cotton faster than by hand.

This allowed cotton growers to produce more This allowed cotton growers to produce more cotton and increased the need for slaves.cotton and increased the need for slaves.

Abram Mordecai built the first cotton gin in Abram Mordecai built the first cotton gin in Alabama and Daniel Pratt built the first Alabama and Daniel Pratt built the first cotton gin factory in Alabama.cotton gin factory in Alabama.

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United Streaming- The Cotton GinUnited Streaming- The Cotton Gin

CottonCotton Many people hoped to become Many people hoped to become

wealthy by growing cotton.wealthy by growing cotton. Communities, like Huntsville, built Communities, like Huntsville, built

around cotton production grew around cotton production grew quickly.quickly.

Yeoman FarmersYeoman Farmers Yeoman farmers farmed small plots Yeoman farmers farmed small plots

of land that they worked on their of land that they worked on their own. They lived in log homes and own. They lived in log homes and planted corn, raised animals, and planted corn, raised animals, and planted cotton to sell.planted cotton to sell.

PlantationsPlantations A A plantationplantation was a large farm on was a large farm on

which a single crop is grown. Many which a single crop is grown. Many plantations were in the Black Belt. plantations were in the Black Belt. Plantation owners produced Plantation owners produced thousands of bales of cotton for a thousands of bales of cotton for a profitprofit, or money left over after , or money left over after expenses are paid.expenses are paid.

SlaverySlavery Cotton plantations depended on slavery.Cotton plantations depended on slavery. Slaves worked long hours with little rest.Slaves worked long hours with little rest. Slaves were punished harshly if they Slaves were punished harshly if they

didn’t work enough or for disobeying didn’t work enough or for disobeying orders.orders.

Alabama passed codes, or laws and rules, Alabama passed codes, or laws and rules, for slavery. It defined slaves as property for slavery. It defined slaves as property and gave them limited rights.and gave them limited rights.

Slave families were often separated.Slave families were often separated. Religion, singing, dancing, stories, and Religion, singing, dancing, stories, and

crafts were important to slaves.crafts were important to slaves.

SlaverySlavery http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?

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United Streaming- The Layout of United Streaming- The Layout of Slave PlantationsSlave Plantations

New TransportationNew Transportation Plantation owners needed better Plantation owners needed better

ways to move their cotton.ways to move their cotton. Steamboats started to travel up Steamboats started to travel up

Alabama rivers.Alabama rivers. Railroads helped to transport goods Railroads helped to transport goods

without rivers.without rivers. Stagecoaches offered another way to Stagecoaches offered another way to

travel by land. A system of roads travel by land. A system of roads were built for the stagecoaches.were built for the stagecoaches.

New TransportationNew Transportation