Chapter 5 Section 3Chapter 5 Section 3Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Great CompromiseGreat Compromise

Agreement providing a dual system of congressional representationAgreement providing a dual system of congressional representation Three-Fifths CompromiseThree-Fifths Compromise

Agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths Agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in Congressof a person in determining representation in Congress

Electoral CollegeElectoral College A group of people named by each state legislature to select the A group of people named by each state legislature to select the

president and vice presidentpresident and vice president FederalistsFederalists

Supporters of the constitutionSupporters of the constitution FederalismFederalism

A form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or A form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national government and the statesnational government and the states

Anti-FederalismAnti-Federalism Those that opposed ratification of the ConstitutionThose that opposed ratification of the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Great CompromiseGreat Compromise

Agreement providing a dual system of congressional representationAgreement providing a dual system of congressional representation Three-Fifths CompromiseThree-Fifths Compromise

Agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths Agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in Congressof a person in determining representation in Congress

Electoral CollegeElectoral College A group of people named by each state legislature to select the A group of people named by each state legislature to select the

president and vice presidentpresident and vice president FederalistsFederalists

Supporters of the constitutionSupporters of the constitution FederalismFederalism

A form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or A form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national government and the statesnational government and the states

Anti-FederalismAnti-Federalism Those that opposed ratification of the ConstitutionThose that opposed ratification of the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Philadelphia ConventionPhiladelphia Convention

1787- States met in Philadelphia to fix articles of 1787- States met in Philadelphia to fix articles of confederationconfederation

All but Rhode Island sent delegatesAll but Rhode Island sent delegates Convention began in Philadelphia May 25, 1787Convention began in Philadelphia May 25, 1787 55 men as delegates55 men as delegates Benjamin Franklin was the oldest Benjamin Franklin was the oldest 2 would become presidents (Washington, Madison)2 would become presidents (Washington, Madison) 19 Senators, and 13 Representatives, 8 judges 19 Senators, and 13 Representatives, 8 judges

(including 4 Supreme Court justices)(including 4 Supreme Court justices)

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Philadelphia Convention (Constitutional Philadelphia Convention (Constitutional

Convention)Convention) George Washington was chosen to preside over the George Washington was chosen to preside over the

conventionconvention Each State would have 1 voteEach State would have 1 vote Simple Majority would decide the issue (7 votes)Simple Majority would decide the issue (7 votes) Work was kept secretWork was kept secret Changing Articles of Confederation was not enough, Changing Articles of Confederation was not enough,

It was too weak, Government needed new It was too weak, Government needed new ConstitutionConstitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Virginia PlanVirginia Plan

Proposed by Edmund Randolph of VirginiaProposed by Edmund Randolph of Virginia Had President, courts and bicameral congressHad President, courts and bicameral congress Representation in each house base on populationRepresentation in each house base on population Large State would have more votes than small Large State would have more votes than small

statesstates Appealed to higher population statesAppealed to higher population states Feared by small populations statesFeared by small populations states

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution New Jersey PlanNew Jersey Plan

June 15 – William PattersonJune 15 – William Patterson Government similar to Articles of ConfederationGovernment similar to Articles of Confederation Unicameral- equal representationUnicameral- equal representation Congress could set taxes and regulate tradeCongress could set taxes and regulate trade

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution The Great CompromiseThe Great Compromise

Debate lasted 6 weeksDebate lasted 6 weeks Roger Sherman of Connecticut and his committee Roger Sherman of Connecticut and his committee

came up with the answercame up with the answer 2 houses (Bicameral)2 houses (Bicameral)

Senate- Equal representationSenate- Equal representation House of Representatives- Population basedHouse of Representatives- Population based

Also known as the Connecticut CompromiseAlso known as the Connecticut Compromise

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution The Three-Fifths CompromiseThe Three-Fifths Compromise

What would be done about the 550,000 African What would be done about the 550,000 African Americans many of whom were slavesAmericans many of whom were slaves

South wanted to count them in population, but South wanted to count them in population, but North opposed ideaNorth opposed idea

Every 5 Slaves would count as 3 delegates, or Every 5 Slaves would count as 3 delegates, or every slave would count as 3/5 of a person every slave would count as 3/5 of a person

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Other CompromisesOther Compromises

Congress could regulate trade between states Congress could regulate trade between states along with other countries, but couldn’t tax exports along with other countries, but couldn’t tax exports or interfere with slave trade until 1808or interfere with slave trade until 1808

Some thought that people should elect president, Some thought that people should elect president, while others thought congress should choose, while others thought congress should choose, Came up with the idea of the Electoral CollegeCame up with the idea of the Electoral College

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Balancing ViewpointsBalancing Viewpoints

September 17, 1787 Constitution was signed by all September 17, 1787 Constitution was signed by all but three of the 42 delegates that remainedbut three of the 42 delegates that remained

At least 9 of the 13 states had to ratify At least 9 of the 13 states had to ratify Federalists- Supporters of the ConstitutionFederalists- Supporters of the Constitution

Only a Strong National Government could protect the new Only a Strong National Government could protect the new NationNation

Wrote Federalist Papers- essays supporting the ConstitutionWrote Federalist Papers- essays supporting the Constitution All wrote under the name PubliusAll wrote under the name Publius Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay wrote themAlexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay wrote them Published in newspapers around the countryPublished in newspapers around the country

Creating the ConstitutionCreating the Constitution Anti-Federalists- Opposed ConstitutionAnti-Federalists- Opposed Constitution

Would take away liberties, ignore the will of the states (too Would take away liberties, ignore the will of the states (too strong of a national government)strong of a national government)

Wouldn’t ratify without a Bill of RightsWouldn’t ratify without a Bill of Rights June 21, 1788- New Hampshire is the 9June 21, 1788- New Hampshire is the 9thth state to Ratify state to Ratify

the Constitution, Rhode Island is the last in 1790.the Constitution, Rhode Island is the last in 1790. Bill of RightsBill of Rights

1789-10 amendments (changes) put in to protect citizens rights1789-10 amendments (changes) put in to protect citizens rights Ratified by 1791Ratified by 1791