CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule,...
Transcript of CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule,...
![Page 1: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING
![Page 2: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
PROJECT SCHEDULING
• Involves sequencing and allotting time to all project activities
• Network analysis• Scheduling techniques
– PERT / CPM– GANTT CHART– PRECEDENT DIAGRAM
![Page 3: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Scheduling Purposes
• Shows relationship of each activity to others• Identify the precedence relationships• Help to set realistic time and cost estimation• Help to use better resources allocation
(people, money, materials)• Identify the critical path activity
![Page 4: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Network techniques Developed in 1950’s
CPM by DuPont for chemical plants (1957) PERT by Booz, Allen & Hamilton with the U.S.
Navy, for Polaris missile (1958)
Consider precedence relationships and interdependencies
Each uses a different estimate of activity times
PERT and CPM
![Page 5: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Six Steps PERT & CPM
1. Define the project and prepare the work breakdown structure
2. Develop relationships among the activities - decide which activities must precede and which must follow others
3. Draw the network connecting all of the activities
![Page 6: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Six Steps PERT & CPM
4. Assign time and/or cost estimates to each activity
5. Compute the longest time path through the network – this is called the critical path
6. Use the network to help plan, schedule, monitor, and control the project
![Page 7: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1. When will the entire project be completed?2. What are the critical activities or tasks in the
project?3. Which are the noncritical activities?4. What is the probability the project will be
completed by a specific date?
Questions PERT & CPM Can Answer
![Page 8: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule?
6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than the budget?
7. Are there enough resources available to finish the project on time?
8. If the project must be finished in a shorter time, what is the way to accomplish this at least cost?
Questions PERT & CPM Can Answer
![Page 9: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
A Comparison of AON and AOA Network Conventions
Activity on Activity Activity onNode (AON) Meaning Arrow (AOA)
A comes before B, which comes before C
(a) A B CBA C
A and B must both be completed before C can start
(b)A
CCB
A
B
B and C cannot begin until A is completed
(c)
BA
CA
B
C
![Page 10: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
A Comparison of AON and AOA Network Conventions
Activity on Activity Activity onNode (AON) Meaning Arrow (AOA)
C and D cannot begin until both A and B are completed.
(d)A
B
C
D B
A C
D
C cannot begin until both A and B are completed; D cannot begin until B is completed. A dummy activity is introduced in AOA.
(e)CA
B D
Dummy activityA
B
C
D
![Page 11: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
A Comparison of AON and AOA Network Conventions
Activity on Activity Activity onNode (AON) Meaning Arrow (AOA)
B and C cannot begin until A is completed. D cannot begin until both B and C are completed. A dummy activity is again introduced in AOA.
(f)A
C
DB A B
C
D
Dummy activity
![Page 12: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Example – Milwaukee Paper Manufacturing (MPM)
• MPM inc. is ordered by EPA to install air pollution control equipment in its facility. EPA has given the manufacturer 16 weeks to install a complex air filter system.
• The activities that need to be performed in order the project to be completed as tabulated in the following Table.
![Page 13: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
AON Example
Activity DescriptionImmediate
PredecessorsA Build internal components —B Modify roof and floor —C Construct collection stack AD Pour concrete and install frame A, BE Build high-temperature burner CF Install pollution control system CG Install air pollution device D, EH Inspect and test F, G
Paper Manufacturing'sActivities and Predecessors
![Page 14: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
AON Network for MPM
A
Start
BStart Activity
Activity A(Build Internal Components)
Activity B(Modify Roof and Floor)
![Page 15: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
C
D
A
Start
B
Activity A Precedes Activity C
Activities A and B Precede Activity D
AON Network for MPM
![Page 16: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
G
E
F
H
CA
Start
DB
Arrows Show Precedence Relationships
AON Network for MPM
![Page 17: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
H(Inspect/
Test)
7Dummy Activity
6
5D
(Pour Concrete/
Install Frame)
4C(Construct
Stack)
1
3
2
AOA Network for MPM
![Page 18: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Determining the Project Schedule
Perform a Critical Path Analysis
The critical path is the longest path through the network
The critical path is the shortest time in which the project can be completed
Any delay in critical path activities delays the project
Critical path activities have no slack time
![Page 19: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Determining the Project SchedulePerform a Critical Path Analysis
![Page 20: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Determining the Project Schedule
Perform a Critical Path AnalysisEarliest start (ES) = earliest time at which an activity can
start, assuming all predecessors have been completed
Earliest finish (EF) = earliest time at which an activity can be finished
Latest start (LS) = latest time at which an activity can start so as to not delay the completion time of the entire project
Latest finish (LF) = latest time by which an activity has to be finished so as to not delay the completion time of the entire project
![Page 22: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Determining the Project Schedule
Perform a Critical Path Analysis
A
Activity Name or Symbol
Earliest Start ES
Earliest FinishEF
Latest Start
LS Latest Finish
LF
Activity Duration
2
![Page 23: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Forward Pass
Begin at starting event and work forward
Earliest Start Time Rule:
If an activity has only one immediate predecessor, its ES equals the EF of the predecessor
If an activity has multiple immediate predecessors, its ES is the maximum of all the EF values of its predecessors
ES = Max (EF of all immediate predecessors)
![Page 24: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Forward Pass
Begin at starting event and work forward
Earliest Finish Time Rule:
The earliest finish time (EF) of an activity is the sum of its earliest start time (ES) and its activity time
EF = ES + Activity time
![Page 25: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ES/EF Network for MPM
Start
0
0
ES
0
EF = ES + Activity time
![Page 26: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ES/EF Network for MPM
Start0
0
0
A
2
2
EF of A = ES of A + 2
0
ESof A
![Page 27: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
B
3
ES/EF Network for MPM
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
3
EF of B = ES of B + 3
0
ESof B
![Page 28: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
ES/EF Network for MPM
![Page 29: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
D
4
73= Max (2, 3)
ES/EF Network for MPM
![Page 30: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
D
4
3 7
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
ES/EF Network for MPM
![Page 31: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
E
4
F
3
G
5
H
2
4 8 13 15
4
8 13
7
D
4
3 7
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
ES/EF Network for MPM
![Page 32: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Backward Pass
Begin with the last event and work backwards
Latest Finish Time Rule:
If an activity is an immediate predecessor for just a single activity, its LF equals the LS of the activity that immediately follows it
If an activity is an immediate predecessor to more than one activity, its LF is the minimum of all LS values of all activities that immediately follow it
LF = Min (LS of all immediate following activities)
![Page 33: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Begin with the last event and work backwards
Latest Start Time Rule:
The latest start time (LS) of an activity is the difference of its latest finish time (LF) and its activity time
LS = LF – Activity time
Backward Pass
![Page 34: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
LS/LF Times for MPM
E
4
F
3
G
5
H
2
4 8 13 15
4
8 13
7
D
4
3 7
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
LF = EF of Project
1513
LS = LF – Activity time
![Page 35: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
E
4
F
3
G
5
H
2
4 8 13 15
4
8 13
7
13 15
D
4
3 7
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
LF = Min(LS of following activity)
10 13
LS/LF Times for MPM
![Page 36: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
E
4
F
3
G
5
H
2
4 8 13 15
4
8 13
7
13 15
10 13
8 13
4 8
D
4
3 7
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
LF = Min(4, 10)
42
LS/LF Times for MPM
![Page 37: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
E
4
F
3
G
5
H
2
4 8 13 15
4
8 13
7
13 15
10 13
8 13
4 8
D
4
3 7
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
42
84
20
41
00
LS/LF Times for MPM
![Page 38: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Computing Slack Time
After computing the ES, EF, LS, and LF times for all activities, compute the slack or free time for each activity
Slack is the length of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the entire project
Slack = LS – ES or Slack = LF – EF
![Page 39: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Computing Slack Time
Earliest Earliest Latest Latest OnStart Finish Start Finish Slack Critical
Activity ES EF LS LF LS – ES Path
A 0 2 0 2 0 YesB 0 3 1 4 1 NoC 2 4 2 4 0 YesD 3 7 4 8 1 NoE 4 8 4 8 0 YesF 4 7 10 13 6 NoG 8 13 8 13 0 YesH 13 15 13 15 0 Yes
![Page 40: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Critical Path for MPM
E
4
F
3
G
5
H
2
4 8 13 15
4
8 13
7
13 15
10 13
8 13
4 8
D
4
3 7
C
2
2 4
B
3
0 3
Start0
0
0
A
2
20
42
84
20
41
00
![Page 41: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
ES – EF Gantt Chart for MPM
A Build internal components
B Modify roof and floorC Construct collection
stackD Pour concrete and
install frameE Build high-
temperature burnerF Install pollution
control systemG Install air pollution
deviceH Inspect and test
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
![Page 42: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
A Build internal components
B Modify roof and floorC Construct collection
stackD Pour concrete and
install frameE Build high-
temperature burnerF Install pollution
control systemG Install air pollution
deviceH Inspect and test
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
LS/LF Times for MPM
![Page 43: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Advantages of PERT/CPM
1. Especially useful when scheduling and controlling large projects
2. Straightforward concept and not mathematically complex
3. Graphical networks help to perceive relationships among project activities
4. Critical path and slack time analyses help pinpoint activities that need to be closely watched
![Page 44: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Advantages of PERT/CPM
5. Project documentation and graphics point out who is responsible for various activities
6. Applicable to a wide variety of projects7. Useful in monitoring not only schedules but
costs as well
![Page 45: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
1. Project activities have to be clearly defined, independent, and stable in their relationships
2. Precedence relationships must be specified and networked together
3. Time estimates tend to be subjective and are subject to fudging by managers
4. There is an inherent danger of too much emphasis being placed on the longest, or critical, path
Limitations of PERT/CPM
![Page 46: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Project Management Software
There are several popular packages for managing projects Primavera MacProject Pertmaster VisiSchedule Time Line Microsoft Project
![Page 47: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Using Microsoft Project
![Page 48: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Using Microsoft Project
![Page 49: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Using Microsoft Project
![Page 50: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Using Microsoft Project
![Page 51: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Using Microsoft Project
![Page 52: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Using Microsoft Project
![Page 53: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Using Microsoft Project
![Page 54: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Exercise i. Develop an AON network ii. What is critical path? iii. What is total completion time? iv. Slack for each activity
Activity Predecessors Duration (Days)A - 2B - 5C - 1D B 10E A,D 3F C 6G E,F 8
![Page 55: CHAPTER 5: PROJECT SCHEDULING · 2021. 1. 29. · 5. Is the project on schedule, behind schedule, or ahead of schedule? 6. Is the money spent equal to, less than, or greater than](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062611/612fa79b1ecc5158694396d7/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
ActivityTime ES EF LS LF Slack
Critical
A2 0 2 13 15 13
No
B 5 0 5 0 5 0 Yes
C 1 0 1 11 12 11 No
D 10 5 15 5 15 0 Yes
E3 15 18 15 18 0
Yes
F6 1 7 12 18 11
No
G8 18 26 18 26 0
Yes
Critical path is B–D–E–G