Chapter 5 - personal.tcu.edupersonal.tcu.edu/yryu/50133/Gene_expression_overview.pdfChapter 5 Part...
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Chapter 5 Part II. Gene expression and replication (overview) • Replication (DNA synthesis) • Transcription (RNA synthesis) • Translation (Protein synthesis)
Transcript of Chapter 5 - personal.tcu.edupersonal.tcu.edu/yryu/50133/Gene_expression_overview.pdfChapter 5 Part...
Chapter 5Part II. Gene expression and
replication (overview)
• Replication (DNA synthesis)• Transcription (RNA synthesis)• Translation (Protein synthesis)
The central dogma of molecular biology
DNA synthesis: Replication
(DNA)n + dNTP (DNA)n+1 + PPiDNA Polymerase
RNA primer
Leading and Lagging Strands
Removal of RNA primer
DNA ligase
Gene expression
Transcription
Translation
RNAs
• Messenger RNA (mRNA): Carrier of the genetic information (codons)
• Transfer RNA (tRNA): Deciphering genetic codes (anticodons-amino acids)
• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): Component of ribosome (ribozyme, protein synthesis)
• Small nuclear RNA (snRNA), Micro RNA (miRNA), small activating RNA (saRNA)
RNA secondary and tertiary structure
RNA Synthesis: Transcription
(RNA)n + NTP (RNA)n+1 + PPiRNA Polymerase
Transcription bubble
Control of transcription
Post-transcriptional processing
Structure of tRNA
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRSs)
rRNA
Ribosome
(E Site)
(P Site)
(A Site)
Protein Synthesis: Translation
Ribosomal reaction
Ribosome in action
The “Standard” Genetic Codes
Reading Frame
