Chapter 40 Amphibians Section 2 Characteristics of Amphibians.
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Transcript of Chapter 40 Amphibians Section 2 Characteristics of Amphibians.
![Page 1: Chapter 40 Amphibians Section 2 Characteristics of Amphibians.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081416/56649f535503460f94c77361/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 40Amphibians
Section 2
Characteristics of Amphibians
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Skin• Respiration & protection
• Moist and permeable to gas and water
• Mucous glands- supply lubricant that keeps the skin moist
• Skin also provides a foul-tasting secretion which protect frogs
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Skin• Live in moist areas to avoid drying out• If in desert, they burrow to survive
drying out• Affected by pollution- chemicals in
water can affect amphibians• Can serve as indicators of the health
in an ecosystem
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Skeleton• Strong internal skeleton
(vertebrate, legs)
• Pectoral and pelvic girdles transfer body’s weight to the limbs
• In frogs, they have strong bones for jumping and landing
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Circulatory System• Heart is separated into two loops
• Pulmonary circulation- carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
• Systemic circulation- carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and back to the heart
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Circulatory System• Three chambered heart
• All other terrestrial vertebrates also have a “double loop” circulatory pattern
• Allows for faster blood flow
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Respiration• Larval amphibians respire
(exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen) through their gills and skin
• Pulmonary respiration- respiration through the lungs
• Cutaneous respiration- respiration through the skin
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Digestive System• Adults- carnivorous- eat insects,
mice, snake, birds, other amphibians, etc
• Larva- herbivores- eat plants
• Pharynx esophagus stomach liver gallbladder small intestine large intestine cloaca
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Accessory Glands• Liver produces bile- stored in the
gallbladder
• Bile helps break down fat
• Pancreas secretes enzymes that help break down food
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Nervous System• Olfactory lobes- sense of smell• Cerebrum- behavior and learning• Optic lobes- process information from
the eyes• Cerebellum- muscular coordination• Medulla Oblongata- organ functions
(heart & respiration rate)
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Sense Organs• Sight, smell, hearing
• Nictitating membrane- eyes covered by a transparent, movable membrane
• Tympanic membrane- eardrum
• Columella- small bone that extends between the tympanic membrane and inner ear
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REVIEW!!!• Identify an advantage and a
disadvantage to the permeability of amphibian skin?
• Explain how a frog uses positive pressure to move air into and out of its lungs.