Chapter 4 & 9 Ecology of Marine Biology. Is it Alive? Observe object: 1-Tell what you think object...
-
Upload
patrick-walsh -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of Chapter 4 & 9 Ecology of Marine Biology. Is it Alive? Observe object: 1-Tell what you think object...
Chapter 4 & 9
Ecology of Marine Biology
Is it Alive?
• Observe object:• 1-Tell what you think object is.• 2-Place specimen in one of three categories:
– A- is alive– B- Not alive now-used to be alive or came from
something that was alive– C-Not alive, never was alive
• 3-Then list characteristics that helped you decide A, B, or C.
Is it Alive?
• Step 1
• Go through your list of characteristics. Were the characteristics chosen absolutely necessary for the maintenance of life? Hint: (If you can think of any organism that does not have to do that, it is not necessary. Write “N” for necessary beside the appropriate characteristics.
Is it Alive?• Step 2• Were there any characteristics that would
appear in all specimens? Make a list of these characteristics on the bottom of your page.
Is it Alive?• Step 3• Now write a definition for “life” including as
many characteristics of life as possible on the back of your handout.
Is it Alive?• Step 4• Now in a group of students assigned by your
teacher discuss your definition for “life” including as many characteristics of life as possible. Make sure that all members of your group can defend the group’s answers. Be ready for class discussion.
Requirements of Life
1. Process energy and material
Examples:
Requirements of Life1. Process energy and material
Examples:
2. Maintain organization, grow, and reproduce
Examples:
Requirements of Life1. Process energy and material
Examples:
2. Maintain organization, grow, and reproduce
Examples:
3. Respond to environment
Examples:
Joshu’s new grocery store• Frozen Dinner• Milk• Meat • Donuts • Mac/Cheese• Ribbon• Bread• Motor Oil• 12 Pack Pepsi• Nails• Water • Cheese• Laundry Soap• Eggs• Rope• Chips
Pounds Dozens
Gallons By the
Foot
Package
Levels of Organization of Life
1. Cell
2. Individual
3. Population
4. Community
5. Ecosystem
Macromolecules
Lipids - Fat, Cholesterol, Steroids
Carbohydrates - 1. Simple - glucose (sugar)
- 2. Complex - starch
Protein - amino acids
Nucleic Acid - DNA/RNA
Plants capture the suns energy and turn it into food for themselves (photosynthesis)
Photosynthesis
H2O + CO2 C6H12O6 + O2
Reactants Products
Respiration
C6H12O6 H2O + CO2 + Energy
Photosynthesis
Respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis. Respiration breaks down organic matter, using O2 and producing CO2 and H20.
Cells -
Prokaryote - Bacteria
Eukaryote - Plants, Animals, Protists, and Fungi
Prokaryotic cell (bacterium) – no membrane bound organelles – smallest and simplest.
Bacteria were the first life forms on the earth. Fossil bacteria show an age of 3.8 billion years old, almost as old as the ocean
itself.
Eukaryotes – contain membrane bound organelles (plant and animal cells)
Reproduction Strategies
Prudent Prodigal
Few young Many young
1 -12 100’s 1000’s
Mammals some fish Fish/invertebrates
Energy is invested in care
of young
Energy is invested in making an enormous
amount of young
Whales
Dolphins
Sponge sea urchin
Sea grass reproduction by runners or stolens.
Sexual reproduction by Sea Urchin
Giant Clam reproducing by broadcast spawning.
Male jawfish incubate eggs in it’s mouth.
Fur seals care for their young for a long time.
Protista Ex.Ameoba Diatom Dinoflagellate
Algae
Modern Bacteria
Fungi Mushrooms
Mold
Plantae Sea grass Mangrove
Animalia
Protista
Algae
Ciliates Flagellates
Monera
Archaebacteria
Classification based on cellular organization and mode of nutrition
All Life
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes(Bacteria, monera)
Single cell or multi cell Complex(Protista) Muticellular
Photosynthetic Autotroph Heterotroph
(Plant)
Absorb Catch
(fungi) (animal)
Trophic LevelsProducers - Autotroph Consumer - Heterotroph Scavenger Carnivore Herbivore Omnivore Decomposer Filter Feeder Detritavore
DOM
Producers(Autrotroph Phytoplankton)
Car.
Car.
Carnivore
Carnivore
Herbivore (zooplankton)
C - 5
C - 4
C - 3
C - 2
C - 1
Consumer Heterotroph
Food ChainShadows in a Desert Sea
Sea of Cortez
Dolphins
Sardines
Mycid Shrimp
Phytoplankton
Food Chain
FOOD WEB
FOOD WEB
FOOD WEB
FOOD WEB
exponential growth